How to loft a continuous beam, how to loft a cone slope

1. Before the line lofting, it is necessary to check the correctness of the road design results. Correction of the project is also required prior to lofting.

2. If you want to stake, enter the coordinates of the lofting point (x, y, z) for lofting.

3. Rotate the instrument so that hz=0, after aligning the prism, adjust the position of the prism before and after the measured distance, and finally make d=0 hz=0In this way, one point is finished.

4. If you want to measure the broken part, the instrument can be directly measured by pointing at the position of the prism.

5. Construction lofting: The plane position and elevation of the engineering building on the design drawings are measured and set up on the ground with certain measuring instruments and methods, which is called construction lofting, also known as construction pay-off.

1. Find a point with a good line of sight A B to set up a station, rear view, lofting on the line, geodetic coordinates and construction coordinates are a coordinate system conversion.

2. Generally speaking, we will consider the conversion of the two coordinate systems while establishing the construction coordinates, for example, if the construction coordinates are established according to the axis of the component, the control point will be set as the control point of the geodetic coordinates, and the construction coordinates will be directly measured, so that the later conversion is good.

First of all, the station coordinates of the instrument are input in, and the coordinates of the rear sight point. You can enter the coordinates of the loft point first.

Then set up the instrument on the site, and after leveling the center, the observation rear viewpoint is aligned, and then switch to the lofting, and call up the coordinates for lofting.

Azimuth and distance are basically unnecessary.

Stake with a total station. Alignment leveling, station building, station construction at known points, input station number or coordinate confirmation; Confirm by aligning the rearview point diamond mirror; Lofting, input the coordinates of the point to be lofed out to confirm, rotate the instrument to the horizontal angle of the difference is zero, command the person holding the rhombus to the center of the eyepiece crosshairs, aim at the center of the rhomboid mirror according to measurement 1 or measure 2 to direct the rhomboid to move, until the angle difference and distance difference are zero, the point where the rhomboid is located is the point where the lofting is to be taken, and the piling marks the end of lofting.

The distance and direction values to several known sight points are measured on the waiting point to determine the point to be determined.

The distance between the lofting point and the setting station and the angle with the datum direction have been given, the polar coordinate method is used to loft out, the total station is placed at the known control point A, the alignment part is aimed at the known direction AB, and the lofting point is determined by angle measurement and distance measurement, and the specific principle is as follows.

Thus, the horizontal and longitudinal coordinates of the point p to be lofed can be obtained, that is, the plane position of point p. Because the polar coordinate method lofting is greatly affected by topographic factors, the polar coordinate method lofting is only suitable for sites with short measurement distance and convenient distance measurement.

There are detailed animations in the help.

Lofting can be understood in simple terms as using bamboo strips to tie the frame, and then automatically wrapping your skeleton with a curved surface after lofting.

For a simple example, two circles on the same axis, one high and one low, are selected and lofted, and what comes out is a vertebral platform.

Stretch out your finger and you bring a couple of rings to understand. That is, you draw a few circles, follow the distribution, and stake out to produce a surface similar to that of your finger.

If you don't understand it, you can't solve it.

1. Select "Upward Plane Plane" and click the "Sketch" icon button. You can also click the "3D Sketch" button to draw the outline without selecting the face.

2. Draw a closed-loop outline and click the upper right corner to exit. The profiles in the Loft Boss Base and Loft Cut commands must be closed, the profiles in the Loft Surface command can be closed and open-loop, and the profiles in the Loft Bend command must be open-loop.

3. Select "Upward Datum" and click the "Datum" icon.

4. Set the translation distance from the "upward datum". Or set parameters such as angles.

5. Select a new datum and click the "Sketch" icon button.

6. Draw another closed-loop outline and click the upper right corner to exit.

7. Click the Loft Boss Base icon button.

8. Select the two drawn outlines under "Outline". You can select several more outlines. You can select an existing solid edge or polygon. If the shape of the loft is not ideal, you can move the green joint in the figure below to change the shape.

9. It can also make "thin-walled features".

You are using the 3D module in AutoCAD, and the sweep scans the section along a line.

The stakeout command can be done according to the steps in the command prompt box above the Rhino software.

Point Loft Command - Select Loft Curve - Press Enter 2 times; Note: Loft curves that are not on the same plane as a closed wireframe or region. The wireframe is lofted to generate a polygon profile, and the region is lofted to generate a solid.

The steps are as follows:

1. Set up a station. Instruments are placed on the control points and aligned.

Set the station parameters, enter the station coordinates, and the instrument height.

2. Orientation. The telescope is aimed in the rear-looking direction.

Set the backsight parameters and enter the backview coordinates.

After completing the view, you can directly measure the coordinates of the backsight point as a check.

3. Lofting. In the menu (most instruments are in the main menu), select the lofting function" Enter the coordinates of the lofting point, and the instrument will display the distance and angle parameters after confirmation.

Turn the telescope according to the display prompts, and fix it when the horizontal angle deviation is 0.

Instruct the prism runner to walk in the direction of the line of sight, and estimate where he should go according to the distance given by the instrument.

Measure once. The instrument will show the difference in distance, generally negative numbers indicate a move in the direction of the instrument, and positive numbers move in the opposite direction.

Measure again. Repeat this step until you know that the distance difference meets the requirements.

This is the point to be staked, measure the coordinates, and record.

Note: 1. The coordinates of the measuring station, rear view and lofting point can be entered into the instrument in advance, and they need to be called.

2. The configuration of the menu, measuring station and rearview parameters of different instruments are not the same, so please refer to the manual.

1. Erection of instruments at the station: Find two on the site with coordinates marked on the drawing.

point, close to the site to be lofted at one point when the test station erects the instrument, the other point when the rear view erects the prism. The three tripods of the total station stand above the measuring site, and the screws of the total station and the fixed instrument should not be locked too tightly, and the hollow position is basically aimed at the measuring station.

2 Press and hold the power switch of the total station to turn on the total station, and turn the telescope before entering.

In the main menu, turn on the infrared alignment switch, you will see a red dot near the measuring station under the instrument, that is, the infrared alignment point, move the two feet of the instrument to let the red dot align with the measuring station, pay attention to the next round bubble of the instrument as far as possible to center, to ensure that the bubble can be centered after fine-tuning. After the red dot is aligned with the measuring station and the bubble is basically centered, the long bubble on the instrument is adjusted, and then the red dot is aligned with the measuring station after the long bubble is centered, if not, the screws that fix the instrument need to be loosened, and the red dot is centered and then observe the bubble level, and you can enter the next step after no problem.

3 Press the Menu button to enter the menu, click F1 to enter the setting of the station, and the instrument will ask for it.

Enter the point number, if there is a storage site in the instrument before, then enter the deposited **, the instrument will automatically enter the coordinate value, if not, just make up a ** according to the confirmation to enter and then enter the coordinates, do not need to elevate the instrument height, need.

If you use a tape measure, pull it to see the distance from the center of the instrument to the measuring station, and enter the height to confirm that the measuring station is set.

4 Ask the helper to set up a prism at the rearview point, taking care to center the bubbles. Turn the instrument to see.

The small crosshairs above the instrument, adjust the steering button of the instrument after the direction is basically aligned, fix the instrument, adjust the focal length of the telescope to the center of the prism, click F2 to enter the setting of the rear view, the same as the measurement site, if you have saved the coordinates before, enter **Otherwise, re-enter the coordinates of the rear view point, and the instrument aligns the prism and the rear view is completed after confirmation.

5 Click on the lofting, enter the coordinates that need to be lofted in advance, and press to confirm the instrument.

Display angle, distance, click on the range instrument will display the angle, release the steering button, rotate the instrument to the angle to zero nearby, fix the steering, fine-tune so that the angle is closest to zero, let the helper put the prism frame in the direction of the instrument lens, the lens sees the prism and press the range, the interface will display a value, + value will let the helper move forward in the positive direction of the instrument, the value will let the helper retreat until the value on the instrument is infinitely close to zero, the control error is within 3 mm, this point will be released. Press one point to enter the coordinates of the next point, and repeat until the measurement is complete.

6 After the measurement is completed, press and hold the power switch to turn off the power, and basically return the leveling button to the center.

After removing the fixing bolts, put the total station back into the instrument box, put away the legs and put it back in the warehouse for battery charging.

The lofting steps are basically as follows:

Instrument alignment leveling, boot into the main menu, enter the lofting program, 1: the site is on the known point: then start to build the station, first enter the site coordinates, and then enter the rear view coordinates according to the prompts, align the instrument at the rear sight point, and then press the ranging, the station will be built after the measurement, at this time to reverse the rear view point, see how much difference between the measured rear view point coordinates and the coordinates you enter, if it is within the allowable range, you can proceed to the next step of lofting, if not, you need to find out the reason, the reason comes from three aspects:

Instrument problems, people problems, point coordinate problems. After the solution is settled, you can move on to the next step of lofting.

Enter the coordinates of the lofting point according to the instrument prompt, after input, the general instrument will display the angle **distance***, which means that according to the data you enter, the instrument calculates the relationship between the point to be lofted and the site, regardless of him, and then press the key such as the extreme button or next step, it will enter a horizontal angle will change the interface, turn the instrument to the horizontal angle data is around 0 ° 0 minutes 0 seconds, and then use the horizontal micro motion to adjust the instrument to 0 degrees 0 minutes 0 seconds, which means that the point to be staked out is on this line.

The other person in front of the instrument points a prism at the instrument, and when it is measured, it will show for example -30 meters or +30 meters, and the point you want to put on the surface is 30 meters forward or backward, disagreeing that the plus or minus sign indicates that the forward and backward may be different. The person holding the prism will follow the instructions of the person who operates the instrument to move forward or backward, and when the measurement data is plus or minus 10 cm, he can drive the pile, and then drive nails on the pile to continue the precise positioning. When the accuracy is ready, this point will be put away.

2: The instrument is on an unknown point: that is, before the first case, add a rear rendezvous program.

The instrument enters the rear rendezvous program, first enters the coordinates of the known point A and then points A for ranging, and then enters the coordinates of point B and then points B for ranging. Then Calculate can calculate the site coordinates,

After calculating the coordinates of the site, it is back to the first situation above, and continue to follow the prompts of one.

In either case, note that the long side controls the short side, i.e. the distance between the site and the backsight point is greater than the distance between the site and the loft point, remember!

First of all, the various parameters of the instrument are set, and after the instrument is leveled and erected and oriented, the lofting can be carried out according to the coordinates of the point to be measured.

First, import the data that needs to be lofed into the total station, turn it on when you get to the site, select the lofting, and select the dot.

How to set the tilt correction of the vertical angle and the horizontal angle of the total station? How to set the ranging target type for the total station? How do you set the reflectance prism constant for a total station?

How to set the return signal for the total station? How to set the total station to adjust the atmosphere? How does a total station set the distance minimum reading?

How to set the instrument constant for a total station?

In 3DMAX modeling, a 3D model is created by lofting out the drawing. The steps are as follows:

1. In the Top view, create an arc and a star shape, as shown in the following figure.

2. Select the arc as the lofting path.

3. Click the Geometry button in the Create command palette, and then select the Compound Object option from the drop-down list below it. Click the Loft button in the Compound Object command panel to open the Loft command panel, as shown in the following illustration.

4. On the Creation Method rollout, click the Get Shape button. Then click the star shape in the view to create a loft 3D model, as shown in the following illustration.

3DMAX Loft Tools, Have You Learned?

Double-click the shortcut icon of 3dmax2010 on the desktop to open the 3dmax2010 software and enter the 3dmax2010 interface.

Find the shapes option on the right-hand side and click on the shapes option to find the star option within it.

Click the star option to draw the star graph in the top view, and set the parameters in the parameters.

Find the line command inside shapes.

Use the line command to draw a straight line in the front view.

Switch the mode to compound objects mode.

After switching to Compound Objects mode, find the loft command within it.

After clicking on the loft command, find the Get Shape option in its settings.

Click on the get shape option and create a star column with the stakeout command.

3D Studio Max, often abbreviated as 3D Max[1] or 3DS Max, is a PC-based 3D animation rendering and production software developed by Discreet (later merged by Autodesk). Its predecessor was the 3D Studio series of software based on the DOS operating system.

Before the advent of Windows NT, industrial-grade CG production was monopolized by SGI graphics workstations. The advent of the 3D Studio Max + Windows NT combination has suddenly lowered the threshold for CG production, first starting to use it in the animation production of computer games, and then further participating in the production of special effects for film and television films, such as X-Men II, The Last Samurai, etc. After Discreet 3ds Max 7, the official name was changed to Autodesk 3ds Max The latest version is 3ds Max 2018.