Functional ???? of the hypothalamus What are the three major centers of the hypothalamus?

Thermoregulatory center.

Water and salt balance regulation center.

Blood sugar regulatory center.

The hypothalamus is the high-level center of the cerebral cortex that regulates visceral activity, which links visceral activity with other physiological activities, and regulates important physiological functions such as body temperature, delayed food intake, water balance, blood sugar, and endocrine gland activity.

1. Thermoregulation. The thermoregulatory center is in the hypothalamus; The anterior part of the hypothalamus is home to temperature-sensitive neurons, which sense changes in body temperature; The posterior part of the hypothalamus is the integrated site of thermoregulation, which can adjust the body's heat production and heat dissipation processes to keep the body temperature stable at a certain level.

2. Regulation of feeding behavior. , there is a feeding center in the lateral hypothalamus and a so-called satiety center in the ventromedial nucleus, which can inhibit the activity of the former.

3. Water balance adjustment. The function of the hypothalamus to control drainage is accomplished by altering the secretion of antidiuretic hormone. There are osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus, which can sense changes in the osmotic pressure of blood crystals to regulate the secretion of antidiuretic hormone.

Question 1: Is the hypothalamus an independent part or part of the brain? The hypothalamus is a part of the brain.

The human brain is divided into brainstem, diencephalon, cerebellum, and cerebrum.

The brainstem is composed of the medulla, pons, and midbrain; The diencephalon is mainly divided into two parts: thalamus and hypothalamus; The cerebellum can be divided into pom-pom nodules, anterior cerebellums, and posterior cerebellums; The brain consists mainly of the left and right cerebral hemispheres, which are connected by the corpus callosum.

Question 2: What is the difference between the hypothalamus and the brain The brain is divided into six parts: medulla, pons, midbrain, cerebellum, diencephalon, and telencephalon. The thalamus is a major anatomical structure of the diencephalon. The telencephalon is what is commonly referred to as the brain.

The hypothalamus is also known as the lower part of the thalamus. Located on the ventral surface of the brain, below the thalamus, it is a higher nerve center that regulates visceral and endocrine activity.

The hypothalamus is the higher center of the cerebral cortex that regulates visceral activity, which links visceral activity with other physiological activities and regulates important physiological functions such as body temperature, food intake, water balance and endocrine gland activity.

Question 3: Which part of the human brain is the hypothalamus The main function of the hypothalamus is to control hormone levels, body temperature, water and salt metabolism, pain and other functions, and there is no direct relationship with body parts. Directly related to movement and sensation in body parts is the cerebral cortex.

The main function of the hypothalamus is to control hormone levels, body temperature, water and salt metabolism, pain and other functions, and is not directly related to body parts. Directly related to movement and sensation in body parts is the cerebral cortex.

Question 4: Does the hypothalamus belong to the central nervous system It belongs to the parts of the brain (brain, cerebellum, hypothalamus, brainstem, etc.) and the spinal cord is also a part of the central nervous system.

Question 5: Are the hypothalamus and cerebral cortex both nerve centers The thermoregulatory center is in the hypothalamus.

The nerve center is in the cerebral cortex.

The thalamus is underdeveloped in the cerebral cortex and is the highest center of sensation; Animals with well-developed cerebral cortex are the most important sensory relay stations.

The thalamus is the successor station of sensory conduction, and in addition to smell, the conduction pathways of various senses replace neurons in the thalamus and then project to the cerebral cortex. In the thalamus, only the senses are analyzed and synthesized roughly, and in the cerebral cortex, the sensations are finely analyzed and synthesized.

According to the different projection characteristics of each part of the thalamus to the cerebral cortex, the thalamus can be divided into two major systems, one is the specific projection system and the other is the non-specific projection system (or diffuse projection system).

The hypothalamus is a high-level center for regulating visceral activities under the cerebral cortex, and has important physiological functions such as regulating body temperature, food intake, water balance, blood sugar, and endocrine gland activity. The symptoms of hypothalamic dysfunction mainly include central hyperthermia, feeding center disorder, central diabetes insipidus, sexual hyperfunction, autonomic nerve dysfunction, etc., and the method needs to be treated according to the symptoms of hypothalamic dysfunction.

1. Central hyperthermia: the hypothalamus thermoregulatory center is abnormal, but it is unable to regulate body temperature, resulting in central hyperthermia, and the body temperature can increase with the increase of ambient temperature. Central hyperthermia can be cooled by physical means, such as applying antipyretic patches, taking warm baths, etc., and can also use antipyretic and analgesic drugs** according to the doctor's instructions, such as aspirin, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, etc.;

2. Eating center disorder: continuous eating, hyperphagia, large increase in food intake may occur, nausea and vomiting may occur after fullness, and then continue to eat. There may also be a loss of appetite and gradual weight loss.

If you have hyperphagia, you need to control your dietary intake, and if you lose your appetite, you need to supplement your nutrition in time, and if necessary, you can give infusions**;

3. Central diabetes insipidus: due to abnormal secretion of antidiuretic hormone, symptoms such as excessive urination and polydipsia may occur, which can easily cause hyponatremia and electrolyte disorders, and it is necessary to supplement hormones, limit water intake, and supplement sodium to improve symptoms;

4. Sexual hyperfunction: the hypothalamus can secrete gonadotropins, endocrine disorders can cause hypothalamic dysfunction, leading to sexual dysfunction, hypersexuality, severe cases may lose sexual function, and sex hormone inhibitors are required, such as testosterone;

What is the function and role of the hypothalamus.