How long does it take for the sun to go out and what becomes of it when it goes out

The age and lifespan of the sun.

The sun continuously radiates energy into space in the form of electromagnetic waves. This energy is released by the fusion of four hydrogen nuclei into a helium nucleus under high temperature and high pressure. We know that the atomic weight of a hydrogen nucleus is, the atomic weight of a helium nucleus is, and the mass of 4 hydrogen nuclei should be.

When 4 hydrogen nuclei fuse into 1 helium nucleus, a unit of mass is lost, of which, 1 gram of hydrogen nuclei is fused into a helium nucleus. This means that solar energy is produced at the cost of consuming mass, and this mass is converted into solar radiation and no longer belongs to the sun. The sun loses about 4 million tons of mass per second, which is simply too small for a huge solar mass.

In the 5 billion years since the birth of the sun, the sun has consumed only mass, and even in another 5 billion years, it will only consume the mass of the sun. But the question is, no matter how massive the sun is, it is still limited, and how long can the sun last for life? What is the impact on the planet?

The life of the sun begins from the nebula, and finally until the red giant, the white dwarf, becomes the dead remains of the sun, this process will take about 10 billion years, that is to say, another 5 billion years will be the death period of the sun, and the earth we live in will be swallowed by the sun when it becomes an expanding red giant. If we humans could survive to that time, we would have to fly to other planets to live.

What is happening inside the sun is nuclear fusion.

The primordial heat of the sun is due to its internal pressure. According to the principle of the law of gravitation, the greater the mass of an object, the greater its gravitational pull. In the early years, when the sun snowballed, as the mass increased, the gravitational pull became stronger, the more material it attracted around it, the more mass was increased, and so on, the mass of the sun became larger and larger.

At the same time, the greater the mass, the greater the internal pressure, so that the temperature continues to rise. Thermonuclear fusion occurs under sufficient pressure (called critical pressure) and a suitable ignition temperature. As the mass of the primordial sun continues to increase, the internal pressure and temperature rise, and after the conditions for thermonuclear reactions are met, the sun begins to shine and become a star.

Generally speaking, for a gas planet to become a star, it must have a certain mass, so that the pressure and temperature inside it can meet the conditions for a thermonuclear reaction, and this mass is called critical mass. A typical example is Jupiter, the largest gaseous planet in our solar system, which is also a gaseous planet composed of hydrogen, but because its mass is less than the critical mass, the internal pressure and temperature cannot meet the conditions for thermonuclear fusion, so it can only be a gaseous planet. However, it is a potential sun, and some scientists speculate that after the destruction of the sun in the future, Jupiter, which is not constrained by the sun, will attract the surrounding planets to form a small solar system by virtue of its position as the leader of the solar system, and at the same time continue to absorb the surrounding matter to increase its mass, and after reaching a critical mass, it will shine and become another sun, but that will be 5 billion years later.

About 40-5 billion years, you are now in "middle age", which means that you have been "burning" for more than 4 billion years.

Nobody knows, and it's just approximate that the time is said, and absolutely no one knows exactly.

When the sun goes out, its constituent elements fuse from helium to carbon.

About three-quarters of the Sun's mass is hydrogen, and the rest is almost all helium, which changes in a way that goes like nuclear fusion.

In about 50 to 6 billion years, the Sun's interior will be almost completely depleted of hydrogen and the Sun's core will collapse, causing the temperature to rise, a process that will continue until the Sun begins to fuse helium into carbon.

The fortune of the earth at the moment when the sun's rays go out, we will first have a simple grasp of the whole process of controlled nuclear fusion in the sun's interior. The controllable nuclear fusion method in the sun's interior is hydrogen helium fission, which consumes hydrogen fusion into helium, and the whole process of this conversion can continue for another 4 billion light years, in fact, the hydrogen element in it can also ignite 4 billion light years. When the hydrogen in the sun is depleted, it does not mean that the sunlight will be extinguished immediately.

At this time, although the hydrogen-helium fusion reaction in the sun was suspended, another fission conversion process officially began, that is, the fission conversion of helium to carbon. After the termination of hydrogen controlled nuclear fusion in the sun, it will mainly converge and cause the ambient temperature to continue to rise, and at the same time, the surface of the sun's light will continue to surge, and the sunlight will become a red giant.

When the temperature rises to 100 million degrees, helium will be ignited, and then fission will form carbon, and the whole process of ignition and conversion will last about 1 billion light years, and finally when all the helium in the sun is converted into carbon, the sunlight will be thrown out of the shell, creating a planetary nebula, and at the same time, the core collapses to form a white dwarf star the size of the Earth with a density of 10 tons per cubic meter. The mass of the Sun is at a medium level, and there can be no supernova explosions to produce neutron stars or superblack holes, only white dwarfs, which is the final destination of the sun's light.

Many people may think that sunlight also has a lifespan of 5 billion light-years, so the time it takes to hand over to the earth and humans is 5 billion light-years, but in fact, the time that sunlight is really handed over to the earth and humans is far less than that. There are also many people who think that the change of sunlight to the red giant star can seriously endanger the survival of the earth and human beings, and the expansion time of sunlight still needs to wait for 4 billion light years, in fact, when the hydrogen fusion reaction in its internal structure is terminated. But in fact, before the sunlight is surging, it can seriously endanger the survival of the earth and human beings, mainly because before the hydrogen element in the sun is about to be exhausted, although the sunlight has not yet surged to the red giant, the solar chromaticity and ambient temperature will increase rapidly, and the atmosphere may be separated by the extremely strong solar wind.

Without the protection of the earth's atmosphere, the water on the earth's surface will slowly evaporate. Without the Earth's atmosphere and surface fluids, would life and humans still be able to survive on Earth? The answer is no.

At that time, the only way for people to survive was to leave Earth and go to Mars for a temporary daily life. These problems occurred about 1.9 billion light-years away. Therefore, the life span of the sun seems to be 5 billion light years, but the actual time for the earth and humans is less than 2 billion light years.

If the earth is an astral body without intelligent life or a high-tech less developed star, then in the face of the catastrophe of the great changes in the sun, we will have no choice but to passively accept and destroy it. Not only will the earth be destroyed, but all life on the earth will also be lost.

The process of extinguishing the sun is particularly long, and may last for tens of thousands of years; When the sun goes out, the temperature on the earth will slowly decrease, and it will be very dark and cold.

The sun goes out, but not suddenly, and the sun goes out is a process that can last for tens of thousands of years. After the sun disappears, the Earth, which has lost its steady heat**, will slowly begin to cool down.

If the sun goes out, it will take a long, long time, and it will take centuries of constant transformation; When the sun goes out, the earth will be plunged into darkness and nothing can be seen.

Human beings do not have any preparation time: due to the current technological limitations of human beings, the current level of human communication is still limited to the speed of light, so if the sun suddenly disappears, it is impossible for human beings to get the warning time (that is, 8 minutes and 20 seconds) of the propagation of sunlight within an astronomical unit, which will have a huge impact on human beings.

If the sun disappears suddenly, the earth may immediately deviate from its current orbit, and human beings will disappear immediately, if there is only no sun, a small number may exist for a long time, and most people will disappear within a month. If the sun suddenly disappears, it is not only the sun's sunlight but also the sun's gravitational pull that disappears with it. Humanity may soon freeze to death due to the disappearance of the sun.

The author's creativity is peculiar. The sun is gone, and the earth does not exist because the earth is a planet (planet) orbiting the (stellar) sun. Therefore, we must cherish life and care for the environment.

Protect the living space of human beings. If the sun disappears, the mass of the solar system will disappear in an instant, and the largest galaxy will be Jupiter, which will become the Jupiter system. The other 8 planets will re-find their orbits, the center is Jupiter, around which a new star belt will be formed, Jupiter will continue to absorb matter, and then the volume and mass will expand until it doubles the mass of the sun, and instantly ignites to become a new star.

The Earth will also become part of Jupiter, and humanity will become extinct.

If fusion technology is mature and commercially available, humanity can survive. If not, it's doomed. If the sun disappears suddenly, don't be afraid, because China's artificial sun is nearing the end, and the heart has begun to be installed, proud of our scientists, of course, the artificial sun can't catch up with the current sun, if it suddenly disappears, I believe it will appear suddenly.

The sun suddenly disappeared, and the humans of the earth ate the remaining food at most. Because without photosynthesis, nothing can survive, and when everything that can be eaten is eaten, humanity will perish. There are no ifs.

It takes eight minutes for humans to find out, because the sun is 100 million kilometers away from the earth, and the speed of light is 300,000 kilometers per second, and when the sun goes out, it takes eight minutes to reach the earth.

It may take tens of thousands of years for humans to notice that the sun is extinguished, because even if the sun goes out, it will still have some glowing state, so it is difficult for people to find it in a short time.

The sun collapses in about 50 to 6 billion years.

The sun has reached middle age in the evolution stage of its main order, and its main change is nuclear fusion, over time, the hydrogen element inside the sun will be almost completely depleted, the sun will collapse, the temperature will rise, and the hydrogen element inside the sun will be almost completely depleted.

The sun is going to destroy. After a long and meticulous study, astronomers have confirmed that the sun will eventually go out, but will wait until 5 billion years from now.

After 4.5 billion years, the Sun will expand into a red giant, Mercury, Venus, and the Earth will evaporate. After hundreds of millions of years, it becomes a very dense white dwarf, the size of the Earth. It will last for hundreds of millions of years and turn into a black dwarf. This is the end of the sun.

Why did the sun burn for 4.6 billion years and never go out?

The sun goes out for about eight minutes and 20 seconds. When the sun no longer emits light and heat, the earth will slowly lose its temperature, so that the earth will lose oxygen and will not be able to survive.

According to current estimates, we will still be able to enjoy the light and heat provided by the sun for 5 billion years, and if the sun disappears, life on Earth will not survive.

It will take about a few hundred million years, a large number of animals and plants will die, and people's lives will be greatly affected.