What is the principle of lithium iron battery, and the difference between lithium iron battery and l

Chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.

Ternary lithium battery.

The full name of ternary lithium battery is "ternary material battery", which generally refers to the lithium battery using lithium nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide, or lithium nickel-cobalt-aluminate (NCA) ternary cathode material, and the nickel salt, cobalt salt, and manganese salt are adjusted differently as three different component ratios, so it is called "ternary", which contains many different proportions of batteries. In terms of shape, it can be divided into pouch cells, cylindrical batteries and prismatic hard-shell batteries.

Its nominal voltage can be reached, the energy density is relatively high, the voltage platform is high, the tap density is high, the cruising range is long, the output power is large, the high temperature stability is poor, but the low temperature performance is excellent, and the cost is relatively high.

Lithium iron phosphate battery.

Lithium iron phosphate battery is made of lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) as the cathode material, using iron as the battery raw material for low cost, free of heavy metals, less pollution to the environment, and working voltage.

The P-O bond in the lithium iron phosphate crystal is stable, so there will be no leakage when stored at zero voltage, the safety is very high under high temperature conditions or overcharge, it can be charged quickly, high discharge power, no memory effect, high cycle life, the disadvantages are poor low-temperature performance, the tapping density of the cathode material is small, the energy density is low, and the yield and consistency of the product are also questioned.

Both types of batteries have their own strengths.

Under high temperature conditions, the ternary material of ternary lithium battery will decompose at 200 hours, produce a violent chemical reaction, release oxygen atoms, and is very prone to combustion or high temperature phenomenon, so based on safety considerations, China's Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in January 2016, through a special document to temporarily limit the use of ternary lithium batteries to pure electric buses. The decomposition temperature of lithium phosphate batteries is 800, which is less likely to catch fire and has relatively high safety.

Mainly because of the different raw materials, the characteristics of the battery made are also different, lithium iron phosphate has excellent safety compared with ordinary lithium batteries, the discharge capacity is stronger, but the power density is lower, the single voltage is only volt, the specific capacity per kilogram is less than 200 watt-hours, and at the same time, after the composition of each voltage specification, it is consistent with the lead-acid battery, which can be perfectly replaced, and is currently mainly used in electric vehicles.

The safety of ordinary lithium batteries is poor, the discharge capacity is weak, but the power density is large, the single voltage is volt, and the specific capacity per kilogram is 260 watt-hours, which is mainly used in equipment with high requirements for product size and battery life, such as various digital products.

There are all differences between batteries and lithium batteries, and the functions of the two of them are not much different, but the power consumption of the function or its power are very different.

The difference between the lithium battery for electric cars in the body is that the battery is still relatively stable in the body, and the time is not relatively long.

The difference is that one has iron added and the other has no iron.

Lithium batteries are divided into two types: lithium metal batteries and lithium-ion batteries.

1. Lithium metal battery.

Lithium metal batteries generally use manganese dioxide as the cathode material, lithium metal or its alloy metal as the anode material, and use non-aqueous electrolyte solution. The principle of discharge reaction is: Li+Mno2=LiMnO2

2. Lithium-ion battery.

Lithium-ion batteries are generally batteries that use lithium alloy metal oxide as the cathode material, graphite as the anode material, and non-aqueous electrolyte. The reaction that occurs on the charging cathode is: licoo2==li(1-x)coo2+xli++xe- (electron); The reaction that occurs on the negative pole of the charge is:

6c+xli++xe-=lixc6；Total reaction of rechargeable battery: licoo2+6c=li(1-x)coo2+lixc6

The working principle of lithium batteries is the principle of charge and discharge. When the lithium battery is discharged, the electrons and Li+ act at the same time, in the same direction, but the path is different, and the electrons pass through the external circuit from the negative to the positive; Lithium-ion li+ from negative.

A lithium battery is a rechargeable battery that relies primarily on lithium ions to move between the positive and negative electrodes. During charging and discharging, the Li+ intercalation is de-embedded between the two electrodes: in the rechargeable battery, Li+ is debited from the positive electrode and inserted into the negative electrode through the electrolyte, and the negative electrode is in a lithium-rich state; In the process of discharge, the opposite is true.

The material with lithium as the electrode is representative of modern high-performance batteries.

During the charging and discharging process of lithium batteries, lithium ions are in a state of movement from the positive electrode to the negative electrode and then to the positive electrode. If we compare a lithium-ion battery to a rocking chair, the two ends of the rocking chair are the poles of the battery, and the lithium-ion is like a good athlete running back and forth on both ends of the rocking chair. So the experts gave the battery a cute name, rocking chair battery.

The structure of a lithium battery consists of five parts: a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte, a separator, a shell, and an electrode lead. The structure of lithium batteries can be divided into two categories: winding type and stacking type. Liquid lithium batteries have a winding structure, while polymer lithium batteries have a winding structure at the same time.

Cathode Materials: Active Materials, Conductive Agents, Solvents, Adhesives, Substrates. In lithium batteries, the positive material market has the largest capacity and high added value, accounting for about 30% of the cost of lithium batteries, with a low gross profit margin of 15% and a high level of more than 70%.

At present, the materials have been applied to lithium batteries in batches, mainly including lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel manganese oxide, lithium cobalt nickel manganese oxide and lithium iron phosphate.