The history of Chinese pottery and the historical development and evolution of pottery

The history of pottery is as follows:

Ceramics is a general term for pottery and porcelain, and the Chinese invented pottery as early as about 8000 to 2000 BC. Ceramic materials are mostly oxides, nitrides, borides and carbides, etc., common ceramic materials are clay, alumina, kaolin, etc., ceramic materials are generally higher hardness, but the plasticity is poor, in addition to the use of food utensils, silver search decoration, in the development of science and technology also plays an important role. Ceramic raw materials are the earth's original large resources of clay quenched, and the nature of clay is tough, at room temperature can be plastic, slightly dry can be carved, all dry can be grinded, burned to 700 degrees can become pottery can be filled with water, burned to 1230 degrees then porcelain, can be completely non-absorbent and high temperature and corrosion resistance, the flexibility of its use, there are still a variety of creative applications in today's culture and technology.

Pottery is the art of ceramics and dates back to the Stone Age.

The earliest pottery was only used for people's household utensils, but with the development of technology and manufacturing tools, pottery making gradually became an art.

The primitive pottery is usually formed by hand-kneading and clay plate construction, mostly fine clay red pottery, fired by bonfire, with low firing temperature and poor sintering degree.

The painted pottery of the Yangshao culture period was often formed by the clay strip plate construction method, with black geometric patterns as decoration, and the pattern with the figure as the main body appeared in the late period.

The painted pottery of the Dawenkou culture period used the process of slow wheel molding.

The invention of the potter's wheel brought a revolution to the technology of making and dismantling trillion-shaped pottery.

The Longshan culture unearthed a variety of pottery such as black pottery, gray pottery, red pottery, and white pottery, among which the black pottery uses fast wheel molding technology and decorative techniques such as carving and hollowing.

During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, handmade pottery became independent development from agriculture, and the products were mostly gray pottery, as well as white pottery in the shape of bronze.

Western Zhou pottery was often decorated with geometric patterns, string patterns, animal face patterns and back patterns, and began to use gray glaze to make primitive celadon.

The pottery of the Spring and Autumn Period is mostly Indian hard pottery, with various shapes, and the surface adopts techniques such as polishing, dark flowers, scratching flowers, lacquer clothes and painting, and the cloud and thunder patterns and animal face patterns are commonly used.

The pottery of the Qin and Han dynasties was mainly hard pottery, and there were clay bricks, terracotta tiles and tiles, and the production process was exquisite, so the descendants had the saying of "Qin bricks and Han tiles".

In the Han Dynasty, a large number of low-temperature colors such as green, yellow, and brown were used to rent orange glaze, and painted pottery was also more common.

Sancai pottery appeared in the Tang Dynasty.

The porcelain art of the Song Dynasty developed unprecedentedly, with five famous kilns of Guan, Ge, Ru, Ding and Jun, as well as Cizhou kiln, Yaozhou kiln and Jingdezhen kiln, and the pottery production skills, the beauty of the vessel shape, the glaze effect, and the decorative techniques (paste, carving, pen painting, makeup soil) are all perfect.

The ceramics of the Liaojin period are represented by cockscomb pots and horseshoe pots, which reflect the life characteristics of the nation.

The representative porcelain of the Yuan Dynasty is blue and white, red in glaze, and underglaze colored porcelain.

Jingdezhen in the Ming Dynasty became the center of the porcelain industry in the country, and blue and white porcelain became the mainstream.

The ceramic technology of the Qing Dynasty reached its peak, and the color glaze reached more than a dozen, such as ancient color, pastel, enamel color, etc.

In modern times, China's ceramic technology began to degrade and gradually lagged behind developed countries.

The invention of ceramics is an epoch-making symbol in the history of human social development, one of the important achievements in the history of human invention, and another major contribution made by the Chinese nation to the world's material civilization, so our motherland has the reputation of the country of ceramics. According to research, the firing of pottery in China has a history of nearly 10,000 years, and the emergence of porcelain has a history of more than 1,800 years. Pottery appeared with prehistoric humans entering the Neolithic Age, in that distant antiquity, our ancestors did not know how many hardships and hardships they went through before they were liberated from the life of drinking blood and living a life of fishing and hunting.

Especially after the discovery of "fire", there was an urgent need for a container that could withstand fire. First of all, human beings have learned from practice that clay is malleable when mixed with water, which may shape a certain shape. Since the late Paleolithic Age, humans have used clay to shape certain shapes, such as the pottery shards found in the Xianren Cave in Wannian County, Jiangxi Province, which have been determined by C14 to be more than 10,000 years old.

At the same time, in the practice of long-term use of fire, human beings will inevitably get the understanding that the formed clay can be turned into a hard block after being burned by fire, which is a prerequisite for the production of pottery. Stork stone axe picture painted pottery jar Neolithic As for how pottery was invented, it may have been due to the fact that clay-coated baskets were burned to form impermeable containers, which were fire-resistant and could be used to cook food, and soon after, shaped and fired pottery began to appear. A new substance created by human beings, pottery, was born.

Hello, dear, pottery is one of the important parts of the development of human civilization, its history can be traced back to ancient times. The earliest pottery appeared in the Neolithic period, around 8000 BC, when people began using pottery to store food and water. In China, the history of pottery can be traced back to the Yangshao culture around 5000 BC, when people had mastered the art of making pottery and began to produce pottery of various shapes and uses.

Over time, pottery has developed into an art form in its own right. In ancient times, pottery was often combined with religious, sacrificial and other activities to become a mystical art form. In China, pottery reached its peak during the Shang and Zhou dynasties, when bronze and pottery were hailed as "the two treasures of Chinese civilization".

With the development of society, pottery has gradually become more diversified and individualized. In modern times, pottery has become an independent art form and is widely used in decoration, home furnishing, gifts and other fields. At the same time, pottery is also constantly innovating and developing, such as the use of new materials, new processes and other ways to create pottery and sou Shen art works.

In short, the historical development and evolution of ceramic art is rich and colorful, from the earliest practical pottery to modern art ceramics, all of which show the crystallization of human wisdom and creativity

Origin: Pottery is a traditional ancient Chinese culture, and pottery is an artificial form. The basic materials of the ceramic form are earth, water, and fire.

Only by mastering the plasticity, rheology, molding method and sintering law of water and soil kneading can people promote the generation and evolution of ceramic forms and make ceramic objects produce beautiful forms.

Features: Pay attention to the organic combination of modeling and decoration, through people's keen inspiration and innovative consciousness, capture and reveal the plastic beauty, flexible beauty and performance vitality of the soil, so that a new form of pottery has emerged, which is mastered, developed and innovated by intelligent people. Any art develops to a certain stage, and a complete technique is formed.

With the gradual rise of pottery fever, pottery products have been favored by more and more people, and making pottery by hand has become a spare time for people to work and study.