In psychology, how does latent consciousness be explained? Which ones does it include?

Take a look at the big truth I summarized below:

I am glad and honored to communicate with you sincerely:

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Although you have watched this sketch n times, I feel that you will still laugh, and appreciate it elegantly and vulgarly, so that the environment in which we communicate will be very relaxed, comfortable and comfortable;

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Spring is in full swing, we throw away all the unpleasantness, don't think about anything, ok!!

We must restrain all our selfish thoughts in order to have a good mood!

There are some things that we really can't change, like the financial crisis and so on, but it doesn't matter, the direct impact is that we make less money and spend less money, that's it, it's really nothing, we just do our best, everything in the world is empty.

People live in this world just to make themselves happier and happier, right?

We should have our own unique thoughts and opinions on the right and wrong, right and wrong, as long as it is right, we think it is worth doing it, and we don't have to care about other people's opinions! It's easiest to live like this!!

If there is a problem in our life, we must communicate with our close friends or vent it!!

Therefore, the most important thing is to find a way to adjust the state of mind.

Contentment, really!!

First of all, let's relax yourself, have a balanced mentality, and don't have too much burden on your heart!!

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Last wishes.

The concept of the "subconscious" was first proposed by which psychologist?

Correct answer: Sigmund Freud.

The subconscious, a psychological term. It refers to the unaware part of human mental activity, which is the process of archiving people's mental activities that have occurred but have not yet reached the state of consciousness. Freud divided the unconscious into two parts: the preconscious and the unconscious.

1. Phenomenological characteristics of the subconscious: The subconscious mind is the part of the mental activity that is not perceived by the conscious. The psychological characteristics of the subconscious mind (id) are "to follow the pleasure principle, to be satisfied immediately, to be compulsory, to be unable to distinguish between objects"; The subconscious mind processes information in the most common ways, such as "symbolism, substitution, fragmentation, and condensation", which are called "primary (or basic) thought processes" (Freud's view).

There are many "primitive images" in the subconscious, and human beings have inherited "wisdom" (collective unconscious), have aesthetic potential, and may even have "synchronicity and the ability to predict the future" (Jung's view).

2. Instinctive or dynamic characteristics of the subconscious: The repressed defense mechanism constitutes the main dynamic characteristics of the subconscious. The repressed ego (instinct) in the subconscious mind is the birthplace of spiritual power; The emotions and desires in the subconscious, which are manifested as the irrationality or animality of the person, are spiritually motivated**; The subconscious mind causally determines consciousness.

Freud's point of view).

3. The automatic characteristics of the subconscious: The subconscious mind is often not controlled by people's subjective will and reason, and has the characteristics of internal spontaneity, autonomy, freedom, automation, and flow, or "agency". This characteristic is more concerned by cognitive psychology, such as "automatic thinking", "implicit learning", "schema", "core beliefs" and other conceptual expressions.

4. The main characteristics of the subconscious: self-knowledge of cold and warmth; Subconscious desires and needs are the motives and goals of human beings, the starting point and foothold of individual behavior, and the internal basis for individual survival. (Representative figures: Sigmund Freud, Jung, Kohut, Stroy House, etc.).

5. Relationship characteristics of the subconscious: The subconscious mind not only retains the crux of trauma and repressed desires, but also internalized superego and internalized "interpersonal relationships", so the subconscious has "relationship characteristics". (Representative figures:

Jung, Sullivan, Klein, Lacan, Kohut, Stroy House, etc.).

Consciousness is both a psychological and philosophical concept, as well as a medical and political concept. In short, even within the discipline of psychology, different schools of thought have different definitions.

In Chinese mainland, it is defined in a series of letters under the philosophy of Marxist materialism, and I personally agree with this definition. I'll talk about what psychology is first, and then what consciousness is.

Psychology is the subjective reflection of the objective world in the material organ of the human brain.

Consciousness is a form of high-level psychological anti-osmosis and filial piety to objective reality that is unique to people.

Wen Zhumeng's works).

cc by-sa

The essence of consciousness is to discern and distinguish between self and non-self, subject and object, affirmation and negation, etc.; Produce a value standard that measures good and bad, and makes trade-offs, so that people can get out of their primitive state and have human dignity.

Consciousness is the only part of the mind that can be directly perceived by an individual. Jung believed that it appeared early in life, and possibly even preceded birth. "The whole essence of consciousness is to discriminate, to distinguish between self and non-self, subject and object, affirmation and negation, and so on.

The separation of things into opposing sides is solely due to the distinguishing effect of consciousness, which alone can recognize what is appropriate and distinguish it from what is inappropriate and worthless. "This separation of opposites produces a value standard of good and bad, trade-offs, that frees man from his primordial state and gives him a special human dignity. Therefore, if there is no consciousness, a purely unconscious instinctive life still prevails, there is no introspection, no pros and cons, no separation; Some are simply simple events, self-instinctive adjustments, and reconciliation of the status quo.

For human beings, consciousness has a symbolic light, and its full development and differentiation lead to the emergence of individual consciousness and self, giving consistency and continuity to the personality, so that people can feel that I am the same person today as I was yesterday. The process of human individualization is the development process of consciousness, and as more unknown things are discovered and mastered by consciousness, individuals become more and more independent and perfect. If a person is indifferent to himself and the world around him, he cannot achieve a high degree of individuality.

Another important value of the brightness of consciousness is related to the human effort to recognize and assimilate the unconscious. The transformation of the unconscious into consciousness is a creative process. Jung believed that the creative meaning of this process has been the subject of heroic mythology since ancient times.

These heroes have superhuman qualities, fighting and defeating the forces of darkness that seek to destroy them. The symbolism of its action lies in the fact that human beings, driven by the desire for spiritual regeneration, engage in arduous and adventurous conquests in an attempt to conquer the deadly attraction of the unconscious and achieve a new life and a new light. Jung said that the sublimation of the hero means the renewal of light, and therefore indicates the regeneration of consciousness from darkness (i.e., a return to the unconscious).

As far as practice is concerned, consciousness as the existence of brightness in the human spiritual process is indispensable, both educational and psychological. It is only through learning and expanding one's own sphere of consciousness that the individual can be fully developed; The patient's ability to discriminate can only eliminate the symptoms. Ultimately, in the psychoanalytic process, the decisive factor is always consciousness.

ps: Quote content, reading notes.

In the concept of Freud's personality theory, personality is divided into three levels: conscious, preconscious, and subconscious.

Consciousness: Freud's definition of consciousness is consistent with the meaning of everyday life, including the feelings and experiences that an individual perceives at any given moment. When you read a word, you become aware of what it represents, such as the feeling of the pen, the content of a particular page of the book, the thoughts you are trying to capture, and the barking dog in the distance.

Subconscious: Freud believed that consciousness is a very limited aspect of the personality because only a small part of an individual's thoughts, feelings, and memories remain at the conscious level at any given time. He likened people's psychology to an iceberg, where consciousness is above the surface of the water, and is only one tip of the iceberg.

According to Freud, what is more important is the unconscious, which is a much larger part of the invisible below the surface. This is also the core concern of psychoanalytic theory. The vast, dark abyss below the surface of the water is filled with instincts that guide the actions of individuals.

The subconscious mind contains the main driving force behind all actions, and it is also a repository of these forces that we cannot see or control.

Pre-consciousness: In between these two levels is pre-consciousness. It is a repository of memories, perceptions, and thoughts, and while the individual is unaware of them at the time, they can be easily summoned to consciousness.

For example, if your thoughts deviate from the book you're reading and start thinking back to a friend or what you did last night, you'll bring the material out of your pre-consciousness and into consciousness. We often find that attention shifts back and forth between the experience of the moment of the event and the memory in the preconscious.

A person's subconscious mind may be his own habitual thinking judgment, which in some senses can better represent a person's primitive instinctive thinking, and it is precisely because of this that most of the time the subconscious can indeed be judged as a psychological suggestionBut in some sense, this consciousness is completely different from ordinary psychological suggestion, and most of the time it is also rational, but considering a variety of complex conditions in real life, it will interfere with normal judgment, so it is necessary to think about the problem in combination with the following situations. <>

1. For us, most people's subconscious is their habitual way of expression, and it is precisely because of this that they represent their instinctive thinking, and the subconscious represents their potential character. In fact, it is undeniable that we will find that the subconscious of most people in life represents personal instinctive thinking, and for us to a large extent, our subconscious may indeed represent our true judgment, but considering the complexity and diversity of the environment, it will also interfere with our own choices, so our subconscious is not rational thinking, but instinctive thinking. <>

2. For us, the subconscious mind is indeed a kind of psychological suggestion, and most of the time it is a subjective judgment made without much thinking, so it represents the true thoughts in our hearts. In fact, it is undeniable that the subconscious mind can also be understood as a kind of psychological suggestion, and for us, the subconscious mind is on the basis of ignoring the external environment, and our own instinctive thoughts are precisely because of this, which represents the instinct of our deep-seated personal cognition, and for us in the external environment, it may be because of the joint action of many factors, so our behavior and judgment due to obvious differences, not on behalf of our subconscious irrationality, but on behalf of our own subconscious irrationality, but to show that we have made a relatively correct choice in a specific environment. <>

3. Many people's subconscious mind represents their deep-seated personality, and for me, the subconscious also represents a person's instinct, and people may also make some seemingly correct value judgments in a rational state. In fact, it is undeniable that in actual life, we will find that everyone's subconscious mind is more able to represent their true thoughts in the depths of their hearts, and in real life we will find that there is a need for seemingly correct choice and judgment, in fact, there are certain conditions based on constraints, but our cause is because it is in an ideal state, so it may be very different from our normal behavior judgment, but it does not mean that our subconscious is wrong, but because of the external environment A variety of factors work together, So we made a relatively rational choice after thinking about it.

In fact, I have to say that the subconscious may indeed be a kind of psychological suggestion, and for us most of the time, the subconscious represents the deep and true thoughts in our hearts, and in actual life, considering the complexity and diversity of the environment and the combined effect of a variety of factors, our choice is also to make a relatively correct choice in a specific period and specific context.