What s going on with delayed retirement in relation to the pension gap?

The policy of delaying the retirement age is an issue of great concern to all sectors of society. Yin Weimin, the minister of human resources and social security, said that he would be asked about almost every press conference. At a press conference held by the State Council Information Office on March 1, a reporter asked Yin Weimin to respond to the question that "the delayed retirement plan may be related to the gap in the payment of pensions in China".

On February 10, on the K1062 train from Harbin to Chongqing, 50-year-old conductor Han Bo ushered in her last job as a crew member before retirement.

Yin Weimin said that the policy of postponing the retirement age is a major economic and social policy that involves the vital interests of everyone. This policy plays a very important role in the effective development and utilization of human resources and the sustainable development of pension insurance in the context of population aging. However, since this policy directly involves everyone's vital interests, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security will be very cautious in formulating the policy.

The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security will continue to study this policy in depth and earnestly, combined with the actual situation of our country, one is the change in the total labor force, the other is the employment situation, and the long-term sustainable development of social security, continue to study in depth, and launch this policy in a timely manner.

For the pension gap, Yin Weimin said that the sustainable development of pension insurance has always been a problem they are very concerned about, which can be viewed from three levels: the first level, the operation of pension insurance is generally stable. Last year, the total income of the basic pension insurance was one trillion yuan, the total expenditure was one trillion yuan, the current balance was more than 260 billion yuan, and the cumulative balance was one trillion yuan, which can ensure 17 months of payment.

This fully shows that the current operation of pension insurance is stable.

At the second level, the main problem of the operation of pension insurance is the imbalance between the overall regions. Now the endowment insurance is a provincial-level co-ordination, the operation of the endowment insurance between the provinces is relatively large, the high provinces, can guarantee 50 months of payment, particularly difficult provinces, the current income is not offset by expenditure, the cumulative balance is basically used up, the difference is relatively large. The main factor for this difference is that the dependency ratio of the population is not the same, and the dependency ratio of the population in the higher provinces is 10:

1, that is, 10 people raise 1 person; The dependency ratio of the population in the provinces with low is: 1, the burden is different.

The third level, the sustainable operation of pension insurance, does need to attract great attention, and a variety of effective measures must be taken to solve this problem. Population ageing is a common problem faced by all countries in the world. China's pension insurance system was established more than 20 years ago, when the population dependency ratio was 5:

1, which has now continued to decline to: 1. With the accelerated development of population aging, the population dependency ratio will change, so if strong measures are not taken, there will be problems in the operation of pension insurance.

Of course, we have seen this, to take precautions, carry out the reform of the pension insurance system, and take comprehensive measures to ensure the sustainable development of the pension insurance. Yin Weimin said.

It is mainly to alleviate the current problem of large social security gap and reduce the pressure on pension expenditure 1: The current retirement age of employees in China is 60 years old for men, 55 years old for female cadres, and 50 years old for female workers. This was stipulated in the "Labor Insurance Regulations" and relevant policies in the early 50s of the last century.

In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the life expectancy of China's population was only about 40 years. Hu Xiaoyi, vice minister of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said, "At present, the life expectancy of China's population has reached 74 years old (higher in urban areas), and the average actual retirement age of enterprise employees is only 54 years old, which is obviously low." ” 2；Wang Feng, director of the Tsinghua Brookings Center for Public Policy Research and a demographer, believes that China's population is aging intensively, and the legal retirement age has long been unable to adapt to the current aging rate.

3: Relevant research reports show that by 2030, the proportion of China's elderly population will reach about 30%. Wang Feng said that postponing the retirement age is beneficial to the whole society, and people who can still work without occupying social administrative resources should be allowed to continue to work.

Is there a pension gap and how big is the gap? Is this a major reason for delaying retirement? The most recent data on the estimation of the pension gap is the "Resolving the Medium and Long-term Risks of National Assets and Liabilities" released in 2012, which said that by 2013, China's pension gap reached one trillion yuan.

4: If so, the gap in the pension is in**? In principle, the pension of 8% of the salary base paid by the individual is all into the personal account, and the other 20% paid by the unit is all into the overall account, and the gap refers to the money in the personal account to pay the pension of the current retirees.

Judging from the current data, the pension gap must exist, but it should be said that the current data are not accurate. Sun Qunyi, secretary general of the Salary Professional Committee of the China Labor Society, said that the current gap mainly refers to the "empty account" of the pension personal account, as well as the "deficit" of the overall account

Will delaying retirement produce a large number of people who have not paid social security, and the pension gap will be very large? There may be some truth to these concerns. As long as we look back, if we say that after the delayed retirement comes, it is very likely that such a large number of people will not see the retirement expectation, and it is normal for them to terminate the relevant contributions of social security.

Many people may meet their minimum contribution period at that time and pay pension insurance according to these 15 years.

It's a very possibility.

Since the payment of pension insurance in the past 15 years, it is possible to meet the prerequisites for receiving pension insurance, but it is only to experience the level of pension treatment, it will be relatively low, but due to the advent of delayed retirement, the payment period has increased, so it is simply terminated. That situation is also possible, but I need to note here that the vast majority of social security payers, especially those who pay social security for pension insurance, are not under their control.

If you establish a corresponding labor contract relationship with the company you work for, you need to pay the corresponding personal social security in accordance with the regulations, which includes endowment insurance, employee medical insurance, work-related injury insurance, and unemployment insurance.

and maternity insurance.

As an individual employee, you have no right to choose whether to pay or not to pay, as long as you work in the work unit, then you must pay social security. Therefore, for this part of the group, there is actually no problem of not paying social security, and the people who work in the unit are the main force of the working population who pay social security.

Therefore, from this proportion of the population, in fact, the harm is not easy to be very large, for some flexible employment.

Most of them are free to choose to pay or not to pay, which is no problem. Freelancers themselves.

It can be paid in the way of the company's employees, pension insurance and employee medical insurance, which is also undoubtedly the same. However, our company's employees are responsible for the payment of social security through individuals and units at work, and enterprises and institutions bear the burden, and the vast majority of the contribution ratio should be around 2 3.

Therefore, many people may choose to give up the payment of social security after 15 years of accumulation and payment. And coupled with the advent of their own delayed retirement, they may give up the payment of social security. In fact, it will lead to social insurance at the source**.

The vacancies will be very large, but on the whole, the harm is actually small, because the main force of the working population is all normal contributions, so it will not cause particularly big harm.

The delayed retirement policy does not cause ordinary people to not pay social security. The pension system will be more sound, and ordinary people will increasingly strengthen their awareness of social security. The two are not in conflict.

Yes, it will indeed cause the pension gap to increase, mainly because the pension income is relatively small, but the expenditure is relatively large, and China's elderly population base is relatively large.

The gap in pensions will be greater, and fundamentally it will also cause the gap in social security to become bigger and bigger, but it will not have much impact.

Is there any other way to solve the pension gap than delaying retirement? In fact, of course, there will be, but delayed retirement is the most important key way to solve the pension gap, so delayed retirement can be regarded as the key to solving the pension gap. Although there is no implementation of delayed retirement at present, and there is no clear timetable for implementation, there is no doubt that it will be implemented in the future.

Naturally, many people think that delaying retirement will have a great impact on us. This is mainly applicable to some groups that have not gone through retirement, especially those who have been separated from the retirement age regulations for more than 10 years, and there may be a greater harm, there is no doubt about it. If you can't retire within 10 years, then obviously delayed retirement is very likely to be implemented in a period of about 10 years, and we will catch up with delayed retirement at that time, so the impact on this group should be very large.

Delayed retirement from the source it is able to solve the pension gap problem, because the delayed retirement directly put everyone retired pension population change into the age of the labor force, for example, delayed retirement will be delayed from 60 years old to 65 years old, then is not the 5-year link of the group first from the retirement pension population change to the age of the labor force, thereby reducing the number of pensioners, but also improve the number of people of the age of the labor force, it can be said that it has achieved a double win.

On the one hand, it can solve the problem of the pension gap of our limbs and grandchildren, and on the other hand, it can also solve the problem of the aging of the population, so it can achieve such an effect, which is also the effect of delayed retirement. In the past, there was no pension in rural areas, so most farmers were equivalent to living to the old, and after 2009, the rural pension insurance was launched, and to a certain extent, the rural population was included in the social security system, so the social security system is being reformed step by step, step by step, step by step, step by step, step by step, to everyone, a better direction to change.

The solution to the pension gap, in addition to delaying retirement, can also be directly paid in a lump sum, generally there are only these two methods.

I think I can let some retirees do what they can to be honest. Then it's about delaying retirement. There is also a way to let the young Mori Shin Sakura pay more insurance for the elderly.

The solution to the pension gap, the first way for the state to deal with the pension deficit is to sell the pension as a whole, and to accumulate or allocate the strength of the market, the family and the individual of the old shirt to deal with it together.

The first is to increase national welfare support and give more care to the elderly, the second is to increase the promotion of public facilities and welfare services, so as to benefit the people, and the third is to promote population fertility and reduce the pressure of young people to support the elderly!

Delayed retirement on the pension is not a great impact, China's pension insurance has been in accordance with the principle of late grinding, pay more, pay longer, delay the retirement age, each insured needs to pay pension insurance time will also be extended, there will be more funds remitted to the social pooling account, there will be more funds into the personal pension account, China's pension insurance will be able to get more funds as a basis for distribution, so to a certain extent, After delayed retirement, the amount of pension will be relatively large.

However, the effect of delaying retirement may be that people will receive their pension later, because according to the corresponding regulations, they can only apply for pension when they reach retirement age, and people who delay retirement will be later than if they had not delayed retirement.

The pension gap is the pension gap formed by the insufficient payment of basic pension insurance, and the income and expenditure are unbalanced. The pension gap also reflects the trend of China's aging population, and more policies are promoted to solve the gap in the form of pensions. Open the two-child policy, delay retirement, and give subsidies to those who are insufficient.

Legal basis: Article 13 of the Social Insurance Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that before employees of state-owned enterprises and institutions participate in basic endowment insurance, the basic endowment insurance premiums that should be paid during the deemed payment period shall be borne by **.

When the basic endowment insurance is insufficient, it will be subsidized.

Legal analysis: China's pension insurance system started from the county-level overall planning, until the end of 2020, and finally realized the provincial unified revenue and expenditure, solving the problem of unbalanced burden of pension insurance in the province. In 2021, the income of the basic pension insurance for employees of enterprises will be about one trillion yuan, the expenditure will be about one trillion yuan, and the operation will be generally stable.

However, due to the unbalanced development between regions in China, there are differences in the level of economic development and the age structure of the population, and the structural contradictions of pension insurance between provinces are becoming increasingly prominent. Some provinces have more balances, but some provinces with a heavier aging population have greater pressure on pension insurance. From 2018 to 2021, the **** adjustment system will be implemented, and funds will be transferred from rich provinces to difficult provinces across provinces to "ensure that pensions are paid on time and in full".

In the past four years, a total of more than 600 billion yuan of inter-provincial adjustment funds have been made, of which the scale of inter-provincial adjustment in 2021 will reach more than 210 billion yuan, which has strongly supported difficult provinces to ensure that pensions are paid on time and in full. This is the precursor of national planning.

Legal basis: Social Insurance Law of the People's Republic of China

Article 10 Employees shall participate in the basic endowment insurance, and the employer and the employee shall jointly pay the basic endowment insurance premiums.

Individually-owned businesses without employees, part-time employees who have not participated in the basic pension insurance at the employer, and other flexibly employed persons may participate in the basic pension insurance, and the basic pension insurance premiums shall be paid by the individual.

Article 13 Before the employees of state-owned enterprises and public institutions participate in the basic endowment insurance, the basic endowment insurance premiums that should be paid during the deemed payment period shall be borne by the first employee.

When the basic endowment insurance is insufficient, it will be subsidized.

Article 18 The State shall establish a normal adjustment mechanism for basic pensions. According to the increase in the average salary of employees and the price of goods, the level of basic pension insurance benefits should be increased in a timely manner.