What safety precautions should be paid attention to when using an overhead crane?

Overhead crane is a mechanical equipment used to lift various objects on the top of workshops, warehouses and open-air storage yards, usually called "overhead cranes" or "cranes". It is one of the most widely used lifting machinery in the machinery industry, metallurgical industry and chemical industry. In modern industrial enterprises, it is one of the important equipment to realize the mechanization and automation of the production process, reduce heavy manual labor, and improve production efficiency

1. The driving must be in a normal state, especially the safety devices, such as braking mechanism, sound and light, signal, interlocking device, etc., must be sensitive and intact.

2. During the work process, the operator should concentrate on idling before lifting, and then lifting, and the lifting object is 100 150mms off the ground. Signal bells should be sounded before driving; Hanging objects shall not be crossed over the head, when the crane starts, it is strictly forbidden to repair, inspect, refuel and wipe the test parts, and the fault must be stopped immediately when the fault is found in operation.

3. When the work is terminated, the overhead crane should be parked on the parking line, the hook should be lifted into place, and no heavy objects should be hung on the hook. Put all the controllers and joysticks in the zero position, and pull off the power switch to lock the cab door.

4. The overhead crane must be equipped with reliable and sensitive safety devices. Generally, it is equipped with buffers, limiters (stroke limiters, lifting limiters), lifting limiters, windproof rail clamps, etc.

5. The shell of all live parts of the crane should be reliably grounded to avoid accidental electric shock accidents for operators. When the trolley track is not welded on the main beam, it should also be welded and grounded, and the descending transformer should be grounded on the low-voltage side according to the regulations.

6. The overhead crane shall not be lifted under the following circumstances;

1) No one is in command or the command signal is incorrect.

2) Defective driving equipment or failure of safety devices.

3) Overload lifting or unclear equipment quality.

4) The person stands on or under the lifting object and hangs the person with a crane hook.

5) The light is dim and the vision is not clear.

6) The lifting object has sharp edges and corners or oblique lifting, and no safety measures have been taken.

1.Installation is carried out according to the proposed installation process specification.

2.Determine the installation of commanders, executives, inspectors, each perform their duties, fulfill their responsibilities, centralized leadership, unified command.

3.Pay close attention to the action of the installation equipment and tools, especially the intact and fixed connection of the lifting equipment, wire rope and strapping knots, etc., and the reliability of the brake.

4.Select the hoisting focus point and hoisting auxiliary structure, and the installation load of the crane cannot be greater than the installation load designed by the crane when hoisting.

5.Pay attention to the correct connection of all parts of the crane and the correct connection in the air, especially to ensure that the connectors are firm, effective and in line with the installation specifications.

6.Do a good job of recording the installation process and dealing with unexpected situations in a timely manner.

The overhead crane is a large-scale special equipment, and the operator must study the safety operation procedures of the overhead crane and pass the examination before the overhead crane can be operated independently, and the overhead crane shall be operated correctly in strict accordance with the safety operation procedures of the overhead crane.

1. In the process of operating the crane, the stable driver must start and brake smoothly, and the hook, spreader and hanging objects do not swing.

2. On the basis of stable operation, the hook, spreader and hanging object should be accurately stopped and landed above the designated position.

3. On the basis of stability and accuracy, coordinate the actions of the corresponding mechanisms to shorten the working cycle, ensure the continuous work of the crane, and improve the production efficiency.

4. Safety. Ensure that the crane works reliably and effectively in good condition, and strictly implement the crane safety technical operation procedures in operation, so that no personal and equipment accidents occur.

5. Reasonable. On the basis of understanding and mastering the performance of the crane and the mechanical characteristics of the motor, according to the specific condition of the lifting object, the controller is correctly operated and reasonably controlled.

Prepare before you drive.

1. Check whether the lighting, signal and electrical equipment are in good condition, and whether the lifting system (including dynamic and fixed pulleys, etc.), braking system (including brakes, car arresters, etc.), running system (including reducer, track, etc.), lubrication system, limit switch and transmission mechanism are reliable.

2. Before the crane starts to operate, it must be checked when the main switch is disconnected, and the total power supply can be pushed only after confirming that there are no people and obstructions on the crane.

3. Check that all controls are at the zero position before you can push the power switch. When there is a need for live inspection on the car, it is necessary to ensure that the interconnection and safety measures are in place.

4. Check the oil condition at each lubrication point to ensure good lubrication.

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1. Check before starting.

Check whether there are any abnormalities in all parts of the vehicle, especially the connection of the main beam.

When the wire rope is broken up to 19 wires in a twist distance, and the surface of the wire rope is obviously worn, it should be replaced immediately.

2. Steps.

Commissioning: In the case of no load, turn on the power supply, start and check the operating mechanism, control system and safety device, check and adjust the brake of the electric hoist, all of which should be sensitive, accurate, safe and reliable, before use.

After the work is completed, move the electric hoist and the operation button disc to a safe position and cut off the power supply.

3. Precautions for operation.

This lifting is not suitable for working in a place with fire hazard and dangerous medium, and a relative humidity greater than 85% and full of corrosive gas, as well as for lifting molten metal and toxic flammable and explosive materials.

It shall not be used in excess of the lifting capacity specified by the crane.

It is not allowed to press and hold the control button that turns the electric hoist in both directions at the same time.

When lifting the workpiece, the operator should keep a distance of more than 1 meter from the workpiece. There should be no one in front of the lifting and no obstacles. When the operator walks with the car, he should pay attention to prevent mixing.

Don't pull the control cable too tightly, and keep the button disc moving.

It is not allowed to tilt or drag heavy objects.

The limiter is a protective device and should not be used as a switch. It is strictly forbidden to operate without a guide rope or limiter, and the sensitivity of the rope guide (limiter) and limit switch should be checked frequently.

The key of the power switch box is managed by the designated person, and the electric hoist must be regularly maintained, inspected and lubricated by a special person to avoid accidents.

When the crane brake is ineffective, the tightness of the electric brake spring should be adjusted.

When the electric hoist is not working, it is not allowed to hang heavy objects, so as not to cause permanent deformation of the parts.

Special Equipment Safety Supervision Bureau of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China.

Dear, operating an overhead crane requires special attention to the following four points:1Safe Operation:

Before operation, it is essential to ensure that the various components and equipment of the crane are in good working condition. The operator should be familiar with the working principle and operating procedures of the crane, and operate in strict accordance with the operating procedures. At the same time, we should always pay attention to the safety indicator light of the crane and the status of the alarm installation, and deal with abnormal situations in a timely manner.

2.Environmental inspection: Before operating the crane, the working environment needs to be inspected.

Check whether the ground is flat and firm to prevent the crane from overturning or mistracking during operation. At the same time, it is also necessary to pay attention to the fact that there are obstacles or personnel entering the working range of the crane to avoid accidental injury. 3.

Load limit: Each crane has its maximum carrying capacity, and the operator must operate in strict accordance with the rated load of the crane and must not overload the operation. Overloading operations will cause serious loads and safety hazards to the crane, which may lead to the overturning of the crane or the cracking of slag socks.

4.Standard Operating Signals: During the operation of the crane, the operator must communicate with the signalman using standard operating signals.

The operating signal must be clear and unambiguous, and the signalman and operator must be familiar with the meaning of the operating signal and operate in accordance with it. If there is any misunderstanding or ambiguity, communication and clarification should be carried out in a timely manner to ensure the accuracy and safety of the operation. In short, operating an overhead crane needs to be vigilant at all times and comply with the relevant operating procedures and safety requirements to ensure the safety and smooth progress of the lifting operation.

1. Bisha safety management: the overhead crane driver must hold relevant certificates and obey the relevant safety management instructions, and at the same time ensure that the instruments and control devices are running well during operation; 2. Check the vehicle: The driver must check the vehicle to ensure that the vehicle is in good condition; 3. Check the lifting load:

Drivers and other staff must check the heavy load to ensure that the lifting capacity is within a certain safety limit; 4. Pay attention to safety procedures: When operating the overhead crane, the driver and other staff must pay attention to the safety operation procedures to avoid accidents.

Summary. Hold on.

Hold on. Safety operation procedures for overhead cranes 1The operator must be familiar with the structural form and performance of the crane, and can only operate independently after passing the examination to obtain the "special type of operation certificate", and should abide by the safety rules.

Answer]: The overhead crane should be equipped with the following safety protection devices: overload limiter, lifting limiter, running limiter, interlocking protection device (between the door of the crane boarded by the building and the running mechanism of the cart; Between the hatch door of the bridge frame and the trolley running mechanism by the driver's cab; Located in the driver's cab of the sports part to enter the driver's cab between the channel mouth and the trolley running mechanism), buffer, safety sound and light alarm, boarding signal button, rail sweeping board, movable amusement parts protective cover, etc.

The safety countermeasures for lifting operations include: (1) The lifting operators belong to special operators, and must be trained in safety technology by a qualified training institution recognized by the state, and after passing the examination, they can obtain the "Special Operations Personnel Operation Certificate" to operate with a certificate. (2) Strictly abide by the safety operation procedures and the relevant safety management rules and regulations of the enterprise.

3) Before lifting, operators should wear personal protective equipment correctly, including safety helmets, work clothes, work shoes and gloves; Inspect and clean the work site, determine the handling route, and remove obstacles. (4) Before lifting, various tools such as lifting and hoisting equipment, wire ropes, hooks and other tools should be inspected to ensure safety and reliability. (5) When hoisting operations, the division of labor must be clear, stick to the post, and in accordance with the "lifting and hoisting command signal" specified in the contact signal, unified command.

6) Lifting a heavy object with two cranes should be carried out under the direct supervision of the relevant departments of Li Pai enterprise, and equipped with a special lifting balance beam, the lifting wire rope should be kept vertical when lifting, and the load of each crane can not exceed its maximum lifting capacity. (7) The heavy objects lifted by the crane should be tied and hung firmly and steadily, and when lifting, the lifting should be slightly off the ground to verify that the heavy objects are hung firmly, the braking performance is good and the crane is stable, and then continue to lift. When binding and lifting heavy objects with sharp water chestnuts, pads should be placed.

It is forbidden to hang obliquely, it is forbidden to lift, and it is forbidden to hang things buried in the ground or condensed on the ground or equipment. (8) When the crane lifts heavy objects, it is generally necessary to take the lifting channel, prohibit crossing from the head, prohibit standing on the lifting heavy objects, and prohibit the processing of the hanging heavy objects. It is not allowed to hang heavy objects in the air for a long time, and under special circumstances, when it is necessary to stay temporarily, all personnel should be prohibited from standing or passing under heavy objects.

When the crane lifts heavy objects, the driver and the commander shall not leave the post at will. (9) When the crane is running, it is forbidden for personnel to go up and down, it is forbidden to engage in maintenance work, and it is forbidden to cross from one overhead crane to another. In addition to stopping for maintenance, it is forbidden to walk on the track of the overhead crane.

When mast cranes, railway cranes, truck cranes, and crawler cranes are working, it is forbidden to stand in the working area within the reach of their cantilever cranes. Cranes using lifting electromagnets should demarcate a certain working area, and no one is allowed in this area. (10) Cranes with two sets of main and auxiliary lifting mechanisms are not allowed to work with the main and auxiliary hooks at the same time (except for special cranes allowed by design).

11) Crane drivers should do "ten do not hang".