What is the prospect of graphene and what fields can it be used

Graphene has unique properties and is known as "black gold" material, of course, there are prospects for development, because the United States, Japan and other countries have applied graphene materials to various fields, which are very popular.

GrapheneResearch & Development in China:

China has a unique advantage in graphene research, from the perspective of production, graphite, as a raw material for graphene production, is abundant in China's energy storage and inexpensive. Seeing the application prospect of graphene, many countries have established graphene-related technology research and development centers to try to use graphene for commercialization, and then obtain potential application patents in industrial, technical and electronics-related fields.

Such as the European Commission.

Graphene will be regarded as a "flagship technology project for emerging in the future", and a research and development plan for special cherry blossom sales will be set up, and 1 billion euros will be allocated. The UK** has also invested in the establishment of a national graphene research institute that aims to make the material accessible from the laboratory to production lines and markets in the coming decades.

Graphene is expected to become a new generation of devices in many application fields, and in order to explore a broader application field of graphene, it is necessary to continue to seek a better graphene preparation process to make it better applied.

Graphene uses are:

Graphene can be used to make transistors, which can still operate stably at the scale of a single atom due to the high stability of the graphene structure.

In contrast, today's silicon-based transistors lose their stability at around 10 nanometers; The ultra-fast reaction of electrons to the external field in graphene makes it possible for transistors made of it to operate at extremely high frequencies.

The important applications of graphite include graphene integrated circuits, graphene batteries, graphene touch screens, graphene slag supermaterials, etc., which have important application prospects in materials science, micro-nano processing, energy, biomedicine and drug delivery.

1. Graphene integrated circuits, due to the super transmission performance of graphene and the very good thermal conductivity of the state, graphene is also considered to replace the material of silicon raw materials, and graphene should become the next circuit board material of the next generation.

2. Graphene battery, in the production of batteries, can be used as a high-end material for positive and negative electrodes, graphene can also be used as a conductive "additive" to increase the efficiency of the battery in the positive and negative electrodes, and the battery that increases graphene can generally improve the overall efficiency of the battery.

3. Graphene touch screen, the key component of a smartphone is a conductive and very transparent touch screen. Due to the extremely good flexibility and excellent conductivity of graphene, a material with excellent electrical conductivity, and very outstanding optical permeability, graphene can be used in the production of mobile phone screens, and graphene is also better than the current material indium tin oxide.

4. Graphene supermaterial, researchers use tiny tubular graphene to form honeycomb structure foam materials. It's as light as a balloon but strong as metal. In the future, it can be used to make bulletproof vests, tank armor, etc.

Very promising.

Graphene batteries are divided into two parts, one is on traditional lithium batteries, and the other is to use graphene to create subversive "super batteries".

The powerhouses of lithium batteries are Japan and South Korea, and South Korea is the inventor of the graphene superphone battery that charges for 16 seconds. In Japan, in addition to lithium batteries, fuel cell technology is also being studied, which involves the use of graphene catalysts.

Features (in parentheses are uses):

Super conductivity: The electron mobility is 100 times that of silicon, and the resistance is smaller than that of metals such as aluminum and silver (integrated circuits, conductive additives).

Excellent light transmittance: light transmittance capacitive screen, solar panel).

Super thermal conductivity: the thermal conductivity is 5300W MK, which is stronger than carbon nanotubes, copper and aluminum (thermal conductive film, ultra-large-scale nano integrated circuit heat dissipation materials).

The area is very large: 1130 square meters higher than ordinary activated carbon (supercapacitors, lithium batteries, sensors).

Super hardness: The hardness is more than that of diamond, and the fracture is 100 times that of steel (body armor, aircraft ultra-light material).

In addition to the above characteristics, the graphene oxide derived from it has strong carrier and targeting, which can be used as tumor diagnosis and **.

Graphene materials have good light transmittance, strength, flexibility, electrical and thermal conductivityComposite materials, textile field, electronic information, energy conservation and environmental protection, biomedicine, chemical industry, aerospace, etcThere are many areas that have brought about tremendous progress and change.

Graphene is by far the material with the highest thermal conductivity and has very good thermal conductivity, so it's heavily used in brand newHeating industry。When the electrodes at both ends of the graphene heating film are energized, the carbon molecules in the heating film produce phonons, ions and electrons in the resistance, and heat energy is generated by the friction and collision (also known as Brownian motion) between the carbon molecules, and the heat energy is evenly radiated in a plane by controlling the far infrared rays.

After the graphene is energized, the total conversion rate of effective electric heat energy reaches more than 99%, and at the same time, special superconductivity is added to ensure the stability of heating performance. However, unlike conventional wire heating films, the heating is stable and safe, and the infrared rays emitted are called "life rays".

To sum up, the good electrical and thermal conductivity of graphene materials is very suitable for application in the new heating industry, making the heating process more energy-saving, comfortable, healthy and convenient.

Science Education Novice 6

Science Education Accreditation Team 2017-11-23

There are no mature applications. After all, the world's graphene research has not been in a few years, and the country is basically synchronized. In the past few years, various manufacturers and research institutes have accumulated experience in batch preparation, and have invested less energy in application.

In the past two years, there have been application articles one after another, especially this year, downstream companies have also begun to pay attention to graphene and try to use graphene to do some experiments. There are mainly two major areas, one is energy storage, and the other is the alternative field of thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity.

Due to the limited technical capabilities of downstream enterprises, upstream guidance is still needed. Therefore, at present, the application field is still led by several graphene producers.

Graphene has too many advantages and has a wide range of applications, such as solar cells, sensors, nanoelectronics, high-performance nanoelectronic devices, composite materials, field emission materials, gas sensors and energy storage. As far as I know, its biggest application is in the field of semiconductors. However, at present, most of them are still theoretical, which needs to be studied in depth.

Graphene in circuit design helps solve thermal management problems that exist in advanced high-speed, high-integration-density chips.

Modulation that can be achieved by graphene circuits is required, otherwise phase shift keying and frequency shift keying, which are widely used in wireless applications such as Bluetooth, radio frequency identification and wireless personal area networks (Zigbee)," Mohamlam explained to nanowerk magazine. Compared with the complex design techniques used in conventional designs, which are based on multiple unipolar transistors, our amplifiers have many advantages, such as simple structure, low parasitism, high bandwidth and low power consumption. The progress that has been made is in graphene-based films, which can be used to make transparent and printable electronics, such simple circuits with high performance and field configuration capabilities, which will inevitably lead to large-scale integration and industrialization."

Yuanran's core patent: graphene polymerization nano-energy heating filament.

This is a new type of electrothermal material containing graphene and polymerizing a variety of non-metallic minerals. It has the characteristics of fast thermal conductivity, electrification and heat conductivity, safety and no radiation, release of far infrared and negative oxygen ions, fire prevention, waterproof, anti-electric shock, anti-pulling and so on.

Heating wire features:

1.Thermal conductivity is non-conductive, safe and radiation-free. (The reason why it is not conductive is because the heating wire is composed of non-metallic minerals.) ）

2.It heats up very fast, which is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly. (The reason why the heating speed is extremely fast is the excellent thermal conductivity of graphene, which can be felt directly and intuitively).

3.Waterproof and electric shock resistant. (When the heating wire is energized, you can touch it directly with your hands, and you will not be electrocuted if you touch it in water.) ）

4.Anti-pull and fire-resistant. (The heating wire is pulled without deformation and damage because graphene has strong toughness, and it is not flammable and deformed when exposed to fire because of flame retardant, thermal stability and chemical stability).

Graphene film is super conductive, the same level or even better than the conductivity of silver, and industrial production has reached 10 to the 6th power of Siemens per meter. T Bao: Jiacai Technology.

Graphene absorbs it to saturation, which is the strongest material known at present, and its thermal conductivity (5000 w·m-1·k-1 at room temperature) is 36 times that of silicon; m, absorbs 2 3% light per layer in the wide wavelength band from visible light to terahertz, 20 times that of gallium arsenide, and has a surface resistance of about 31, which is the best conductive material at room temperature, and has no selective absorption of light in all bands; sq(310 property 1, more than ten times that of copper (401 w·m·k at room temperature), and the Young's modulus is about 42 N. Nonlinear optical properties. Optical properties: The absorption rate of single-layer graphene to visible light as well as light in the near-infrared band is only 2.

Linear optical properties, which are about 100 times stronger than ordinary steel, and have a conductivity of up to 108 m2. 2。Extremely strong and flexible, 20 times that of gallium arsenide, a graphene layer with an area of 1 m2 can withstand a mass of 4 kg.

The electron mobility of electrical and thermal conductivity can reach 2 105 cm2 and can bear a weight of about 2 tons; v·s, the best electrical and thermal conductivity at room temperature makes graphene an ideal alternative to ITO (indium tin oxide); m2), which is about 140 times the electron mobility in silicon, lower than copper or silver, and has high temperature stability. 3。Large specific surface area (2630m2, bags made of graphene, and have important applications in flexible conductive film materials:

Monolayer graphene has a high absorbance: when the intensity of the incident light exceeds a certain critical value. These properties allow graphene to be used as passive mode-locked lasers.

Strength and flexibility, tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity are 125 gpa and 1, respectively; g）

Advantages of graphene application in the field of anticorrosive coatings.

1. The toughness is very good and can be used to make materials that are difficult to pierce.

2 The mobility rate is very high, the mobility of intrinsic graphene is indeed very good, but now in addition to the graphene prepared by mechanical exfoliation, the quality of graphene obtained by other methods is not very good, and the mobility is relatively reduced, which is not so ideal.

3. The transmittance of a single layer of graphene is about 97% (500nm light), but it is difficult to get a single layer, and it is even more difficult to get a single layer in large quantities.

4. Graphene has a high thermal conductivity due to the presence of electrons that can move freely, but graphene is also relatively sensitive, difficult to operate, and easy to destroy.

In short, theoretically he is very good, but in practice now the research is at a bottleneck.

Graphene has many advantages and a wide range of applications, such as solar cells, sensors, nanoelectronics, high-performance nanoelectronic devices, composite materials, field emission materials, gas sensors and energy storage.

In fact, graphene originally exists in nature, but it is difficult to peel off the single-layer structure. Graphene is layered on top of each other to form graphite, and graphite with a thickness of 1 millimeter contains about 3 million layers of graphene.