What are the basic requirements for the location of a pig farm?

The site selection of pig farms is of great significance for the prevention and control of epidemic diseases, environmental control and daily management of pig farms, and the factors that need to be comprehensively considered include: convenient transportation, water and electricity in place, no industrial pollution sources, relatively flat area, convenient epidemic prevention, and sufficient area. Specific site selection requirements for the farm include:

1. Stay away from residential areas with large populations;

2. The terrain site selection requires that the terrain is high and dry, and the slope is within 5 °, otherwise the amount of earthwork is too large, and the feeding management and transportation of the pig farm are inconvenient;

3. When building a field in hilly and mountainous areas, the sunny slope should be selected as much as possible, which is conducive to ventilation in summer and warmth in winter;

4. Convenient transportation, sufficient and reliable power supply. The amount of feed and pig purchases and sales of pig farms is huge, and the approach road needs to be hardened with sand and gravel at least; It is best to bring your own dedicated transformer;

5. Liquid manure can be treated or consumed on site. It is required to have a large area of land for pasture or fruit and vegetable planting;

6. Groundwater resources can meet the needs of production. Pig farms require groundwater resources to meet the requirements of water consumption of pig farms throughout the year, and the water quality must meet drinking water standards;

7. Due to the needs of epidemic prevention, pig farms should not be built next to traffic arteries and residential areas. It is also not suitable to be too close to other livestock farms, and it is best to have a straight line distance of more than 1000 meters.

1) It is conducive to epidemic prevention and eradication, and is convenient for production and reduces project investment.

The selection of the pig farm site should first consider the epidemic prevention problem of the pig farm, and should not affect the epidemic prevention at the same time, comprehensively consider the transportation of products and feed in and out of the pig farm, power supply and water supply after the completion of the pig farm, and finally determine the epidemic prevention distance of the pig farm. The distance between epidemic prevention is generally as follows: more than 500 1000 meters away from factories, schools, villages and towns and residential areas, and in a downwind position; More than 300,500 metres from places with high traffic such as major roads, railways and rivers; It should be more than 2 kilometers away from livestock and poultry slaughterhouses, meat processing plants, and fur processing plants, and be located in an upwind position.

2) The terrain is high and dry, sheltered from the wind and sun, and the drainage is convenient.

The low-lying and humid site is not conducive to the body heat regulation and limb and hoof development of pigs, but is conducive to the survival of pathogenic microorganisms and parasites, which seriously affects the service life of the building, and the rainy season is often threatened by floods, which is not conducive to epidemic prevention. Therefore, it is required that the selected ground should be higher than the local historical flood line, and the groundwater level should be below 2 meters.

Sheltering from the wind and sun can reduce the invasion of winter spring and snow, increase the temperature of the pig house, and maintain the relative stability of the microclimate of the farm. In order to facilitate drainage and prevent stagnant water and mud, the ground should be flat and slightly sloped, generally with a slope of 1% 3% is ideal, and the maximum slope shall not exceed 25%.

3) The water source is sufficient, the water quality is good, and it is easy to access.

Water source is one of the first conditions that must be considered in the construction of a pig farm. A pig farm, especially a large-scale pig farm, consumes a lot of water for daily pig drinking, flushing, feeding, and domestic water for feeding and management personnel, so there must be a sufficient water source, and the water quality can best meet the drinking standard without treatment. Groundwater is generally ideal.

4) The soil of the site is solid, the water permeability is strong, and it has not been polluted by pathogenic microorganisms, and the most ideal soil quality for the site is sandy soil.

The site of the pig farm should be more than 500 meters away from crowded areas, other livestock and poultry production areas and environmentally sensitive areas; More than 3,000 meters away from pollution sources such as meat plants, slaughterhouses, and chemical plants; Stay away from traffic arteries; More than 2000 meters away from other farms; It is forbidden to build pig farms in drinking water source protection areas, scenic spots, and nature reserves.

There are enough farmland, fish ponds, orchards or woodlands in the surrounding area to facilitate the combination of agriculture and animal husbandry and maintain ecological balance.

The terrain is high, leeward and sunny, dry and flat or gentle slope (the slope should be less than 25 degrees); The distance from the traffic artery should be no less than 1 km, and there should be enough construction area that meets the above conditions. It should also have convenient transportation conditions; Sufficient water source and good water quality can be calculated according to the daily water consumption of 50 kg for breeding pigs and 40 kg for fat pigs. With sufficient supply of electricity and other energy sources, the self-provided transformer can be calculated based on the annual slaughter of 10,000 pigs with a capacity of 50 kilowatts, and equipped with a generator for use in the event of a power outage or power shortage.

Answer: Topography. Pig farms generally require neat and open terrain, high terrain, dry, flat or gentle slopes, leeward, sunny, electricity and other energy sources are sufficient, generally according to the fertile sow per head 40 50 m 2, commercial pig 3 4 m 2 consideration.

The ground should be flat and slightly gentle to facilitate drainage, and the general slope should be 1% 3%, and the maximum should not exceed 25%. Soil. It is required to have strong air permeability, low moisture absorption and thermal conductivity, uniform texture, strong pressure resistance, and not be polluted by pathogenic microorganisms.

Traffic. Pig farms must be located in convenient places. However, due to the epidemic prevention needs of the pig farm and the pollution of the surrounding environment, it is not too close to the main traffic artery, and it is best to be more than 400 meters away from the main road; At the same time, it is necessary to be more than 500 meters away from residential areas.

If there are barriers, such as walls, rivers, and woods, the distance can be shortened appropriately. It is forbidden to build farms in tourist areas and areas with serious industrial pollution. Water source, water quality.

The water source of the pig farm requires sufficient water, good water quality, easy access and health protection, and the water source must be able to meet the domestic water in the farm.

What should be paid attention to in the location of standardized pig farms? There's a lot to be aware of.

There are many things to pay attention to in the location of standardized pig farms. When building a new farm, we must consider the impact on the surrounding environment, otherwise, the village will be closed for disposal. There is a farm in our village and it is very close to the village.

In summer, the smell of fermented chicken manure permeates the village, and the transportation is convenient, which is also an important issue. Due to limited funds, many farms are unable to spend money on building roads to ensure the transportation of animals, materials, food, many cattle and adults. What am I going to do?

The basic principles for selecting the site selection of the farm collection site are as follows: it is conducive to environmental protection; and can improve the efficiency of game production; maximizing the use of local resources; Report to the relevant state departments for review, forestry and land departments! Now, the state is very strict with this land!

Therefore, we must first understand the nature of the earth! The basic agricultural land on the earth cannot be occupied, and there is no forest land that can be used for forestry! First of all, you must apply for approval!

Environmental protection comes first, and so does house construction. Another issue is the issue of cash flow. If it's not enough, you'll have to pay the bank with your own house and agricultural mortgage.

Don't use your mortgage on your friends. Banks also don't have any credit. He had a sense of crisis.

If the contract does not expire, you will accept a loan, which will make your life worse than death. I've experienced it myself.

It is advisable to build the farm in a hail or on the top of a mountain. After all, the mountain is far from the environment in which people live. If you can use the land reasonably for construction, please consult the local livestock department.

If appropriate, use pig manure to ferment fertilizer to plant green crops that require compound fertilizer around the later fertilization, and on the premise of site selection, it is necessary to pay attention to the original natural environment and whether it will be affected by natural disasters, such as low-altitude ground. If there is no way to do so, we should dig a drainage ditch. It is not advisable to excavate at the foot of a hill prone to landslides, nor to build a high-cost foundation, because the foundation is seriously uneven.

Fish stocks have been severely reduced, resulting in a shortage of markets and hogs reaching an unprecedented high. After the end of the problem of ensuring the vegetable basket, this can be said to loosen the shackles on farmers.

1. Topography and topography.

The terrain of the farm should be open and tidy, and there should be enough area. The site with narrow terrain or polygonal angle is not conducive to planning and layout, and the insufficient area will crowd the building, which can have a negative impact on feeding management, feeding density, pig house environment, epidemic prevention, fire prevention, etc.

Choose a place with higher terrain, lower groundwater level, dry, flat, leeward and sunny place, and a gentle slope to build a pig farm. Pig farms with gentle slopes are conducive to drainage, but the slope should not be greater than 25%ub0, so as not to cause inconvenience in the transportation of feed and manure in the farm. If it is a leeward sunny slope, it is better; Low-lying and damp sites, cold and damp in winter, poorly ventilated in summer, and susceptible to flooding during the rainy season; Such an environment is more conducive to the survival of pathogenic microorganisms and parasites; It is not conducive to the growth and development of pigs, nor is it conducive to the prevention of diseases.

Long-term water accumulation can also affect the service life of the farm building. Therefore, it is required that the ground selected for the pig farm should be higher than the local historical flood line, and the groundwater level should be less than 2 meters.

Second, the quality of the water source.

The water source of the pig farm needs to be of good quality, sufficient water, easy to use, easy to purify and disinfect. Large and medium-sized pig farms must build water towers to regulate water use. 100 130 tons of water are needed per day to flush pig houses, pig pens, trolleys and various utensils, to prevent heatstroke and epidemic prevention.

Especially in the hot season, the amount of water used is staggering, even if it is conservative. Pig farms should be the first to use tap water as drinking water for pigs, followed by deep well water, lake water, river water, water quality should meet the national health standards.

3. Soil characteristics.

Under normal circumstances, the soil of the pig farm requires good air permeability, easy water seepage, and large heat capacity. This inhibits the growth of microorganisms, parasites, mosquitoes and flies, and makes the temperature difference between day and night smaller. Soil chemical composition affects the metabolism and health of pigs through feed or water, and some chemical elements are deficient or excessive, which can cause endemic diseases, such as goiter caused by iodine deficiency, leukomyosis caused by selenium deficiency, and polyfluoride caused by plaque enamel tooth and large bone joint disease.

Many pathogenic microorganisms in the soil can survive for many years, and the soil is difficult to disinfect thoroughly. Therefore, once the soil is contaminated, it will be harmful for many years, and the site should be selected to avoid rebuilding or remodeling on the old pig farm site or other livestock farm sites.

The location of the pig farm is a very important issue. The author can study with the industry from the following aspects, and the layout of the pig farm needs to pay attention to the following points:

First, you should consider how large the carrying capacity of the pig farm is, that is, how many pigs you are going to raise, and how much space you will expand the scale of the pig farm in the future.

Second, it is necessary to consider the traffic conditions near the pig farm, the pig slaughter and sales of the pig farm, the transfer of piglets, and the materials needed by the pig farm need to be considered in advance. The traffic conditions should not be too bad.

3. Away from residential areas, pig farms will release a lot of strong smells, which are easy for residents to complain.

Fourth, it cannot be in the upstream of the river and affect the water quality of the downstream river.

Fifth, it is advisable to sit in the northeast to the southwest, and the mountains before and after the pig farm should not be large and tall to affect the air circulation.

Sixth, the pig farm can not be built in the lower valley of the place, the lower terrain humidity, is not conducive to pig production, the disease is more slow, <>

7. It is far away from residential areas, and the sewage treatment products of pig farms (including the sewage flowing out of the biogas digester) cannot affect the daily life of residents.

8. Choose high-quality water resources, tap water is the safest, and unconditionally take tested underground deep (below 100 meters) water.

9. Report to the environmental protection and animal husbandry department for approval, and in accordance with the current regulations, do a good job in various pollution treatment facilities to avoid environmental pollution.

10. Choose a place far away from the traffic arteries with large traffic flow to build pig farms to reduce the impact of vehicle noise and foreign diseases on pigs.

Ten. 1. Pig farms should not be built in areas of toxic chemical enterprises (including harmful air), causing undue losses.

It is necessary to have convenient transportation, and to avoid the main traffic road, because the amount of feed, pig products and materials is very large, so it can not be too far from the main road, and there should be a wider approach road, which should consider both the epidemic prevention of the pig farm itself and the impact of the pig farm on residential areas.

Professional household scale pig farms are basically the same as factory pig farms, mainly considering the high terrain, epidemic prevention conditions, convenient transportation, sufficient water sources, convenient power supply and other conditions, the larger the scale, the stricter these conditions.

Topography, environment, water quality, sewage. Topography: The pig farm requires high and dry terrain, the height of the site should be at least above the level of the historical flood, the groundwater level is below 2m, the terrain requires a flat but gentle slope, leeward to the sun, good ventilation, to prevent a large number of harmful gases in the house.

Sewage discharge: When selecting a site, it is best to have a large area of farmland and orchards around the pig farm, so that the manure can be treated and used as fertilizer.

The first is to stay away from the places where people live in large concentrations to prevent pig manure and other peculiar smells from affecting the lives of the surrounding people, and the second is to stay away from rivers and wells to prevent the garbage of pig farms from polluting water sources.

Pay attention to the area, but also pay attention to the topography, but also pay attention to the surrounding environment, but also pay attention to the risks, pay attention to the construction skills, and so on.

In land selection, it should be noted that agricultural land cannot be selected; Topography, it is best to choose a higher location for pig farms, and it is easier to drain when it rains; Water quality and water supply, pig farms consume a lot of water and have high requirements for water quality, so choose a location with a good water source as much as possible.