What are the main functions of carbohydrates

The role of carbohydrates.

For our human body, it is necessary to consume at least 50-100 grams of digestible carbohydrates per day to prevent carbohydrate deficiency. Once carbohydrate deficiency occurs, it is easy to cause the waste of protein in the diet, which will lead to the enhancement of tissue protein and fat breakdown and cation loss. What is the role of carbohydrates and their effect on the human body?

1. It can save protein: if there are not enough carbohydrates in food, the body has to use protein to meet the energy required for body activities, which will affect the body's use of protein to synthesize new proteins and renew tissues. Therefore, it is not appropriate to skip staple foods at all and only eat meat, because meat contains very little carbohydrates, so that the body's tissues will use protein to produce heat, which is not good for the body.

2. Maintain the normal function of brain cells: glucose.

It is an essential nutrient for the normal function of the brain, and when blood sugar levels drop, brain tissue can be impaired due to lack of energy, causing dysfunction and dizziness.

Heart palpitations, cold sweats, and even coma. 3. Energy supply: 16 kilojoules (4 kcal) per gram of glucose are produced, and the carbohydrates ingested by the human body are digested into glucose or other simple sugars in the body.

Participates in the body's metabolism. There is no specific amount of carbohydrates in each person's diet, and Chinese nutrition experts believe that 60-65% of carbohydrates account for 60-65% of the total calories. 4. Constituent cells and tissues:

Each cell has carbohydrates, the content of which is 2%-10%, mainly in the form of glycolipids, glycoproteins and proteoglycans, distributed in the fine meninges, organelle membranes, cytoplasm and interstitium. 5. Others: glycoprotein and proteoglycan in carbohydrates have a lubricating effect.

In addition, it controls the permeability of the fine meninges. And it is a precursor to some synthetic biological macromolecular substances, such as purines.

Pyrimidine, cholesterol.

Wait. Carbohydrates play such an important role in the human body, so it is necessary to consume a certain amount of carbohydrates every day to ensure the health of the human body. However, it should not be consumed in excess, otherwise it will cause obesity and lead to the occurrence of various chronic diseases.

See how carbohydrates affect your physiology!

Sugar is one of the most common foods in our lives, also known as carbohydrates, which are important energy "quotients", but the function of carbohydrates is not only to provide energy, it also has other important physiological properties. If you know carbohydrates second only to energy, take a look at the following introduction.

Carbohydrates.

Classification of carbohydrates.

Carbohydrates can be divided into four categories: monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, and after the combination of sugars and other substances, they can be divided into three categories: glycolipids, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans.

It is the four sugars that provide energy to our body. Monosaccharides are sugars that can be used directly by the body, such as glucose and fructose. Fructose does not require the action of insulin and is directly used by the body, so it is suitable for young children and diabetics.

Cellulose is a type of polysaccharide that cannot be digested by the human body, but due to its unique physiological role, we still have to use it as a nutrient. As a disaccharide, the most important role of sucrose is to cause tooth decay, so people who regularly eat sucrose (sugar cane, sugar beet and honey) should maintain oral hygiene.

Carbohydrates.

Physiological functions of carbohydrates.

As mentioned above, the function of carbohydrates is to provide energy for the body, but its function is far from this, and the functions of carbohydrates are as follows.

Function. 1. Constituent cell and tissue components.

What you may not know is that every cell in our body contains carbohydrates, which are about 2% to 10%, and they are usually distributed in the form of glycoproteins on top of the cell membrane.

Function. 2. Save protein.

Protein can also be broken down to provide energy, but because protein is so precious, it is very wasteful to provide energy, so carbohydrates exist to save protein decomposition.

Function. 3. Maintain the normal function of brain cells.

Our brain cells are very sensitive to glucose, and when there is a lack of sugar, brain cells will quickly become abnormal, and in severe cases, it will lead to functional disorders, such as dizziness, palpitations and even coma.

Carbohydrates.

Carbohydrates**.

According to the recommendations of the Chinese Nutrition Society, the daily reference intake of carbohydrates should account for 55% to 65% of the total energy intake. The main carbohydrates are mainly cereals, potatoes and root foods are the best, and fruits are good for crude fiber and pectin.

Since the liver can synthesize fat and cholesterol from excess carbohydrates, you should not eat too many carbohydrates, especially the proportion of refined sugars should be limited.

All in all, carbohydrates are not the devil, but they are not angels, we should usually know more about it and have fewer misunderstandings.

Carbohydrates are composed of three elements: carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and there are the most organic compounds in nature with broad-spectrum chemical structures and biological functions. It can be expressed by the general formula CX(H2O)Y. Because it contains a ratio of two to one hydrogen to oxygen, like water, it is called a carbohydrate.

It can provide heat energy to the human body. Carbohydrates in food are divided into two categories: effective carbohydrates that can be absorbed and utilized by a person and ineffective carbohydrates that cannot be digested by a person.

Carbohydrate compounds are the main source of energy required for life-sustaining activities in all living organisms**. It is not only a nutrient, but some also have special physiological activities.

Carbohydrates are the main components of the structure of living cells and the main energy supply, and have important functions in regulating cell activities. There are three main forms of carbohydrates in the body, glucose, glycogen and sugary complexes, and the physiological function of carbohydrates is related to the type of carbohydrates they ingest and the forms they present in the body.

1.Dietary carbohydrates are the most economical and main source of energy for human beings, providing and storing caloric energy;

2.Carbohydrates are important substances that make up the body's tissues, maintain the energy necessary for brain function, and participate in the composition and various activities of cells; In addition, it also has the effect of regulating fat metabolism, providing dietary fiber, saving protein, anti-ketone, detoxification and enhancing intestinal function.

1. Supply and store energy. Each gram of glucose oxidized in the body can produce energy. Carbohydrates provide 55% to 65% of the energy needed to maintain human health.

Glycogen is the storage form of carbohydrates in the muscles and liver, and the liver stores about 1 3 of the glycogen in the body.

Once the body needs it, glycogen in the liver is broken down into glucose for energy. Carbohydrates release energy in the body quickly, energy supply is also fast, is the main energy of the nervous system and myocardium, but also the main fuel for muscle activity, to maintain the normal energy supply of the nervous system and heart, enhance endurance, improve work efficiency are of great significance.

2. Constituent tissues and important life substances. Carbohydrates are important substances that make up the body's tissues and are involved in the composition and various activities of cells. Every cell has carbohydrates, the content of which is 2% to 10%, mainly in the form of glycolipids, glycoproteins and proteoglycans, distributed in cell membranes, organelle membranes, cytoplasm and intercellular matrix.

Glycolipids formed by sugars and lipids are one of the structural components of cells and nervous tissues. In addition to the carbohydrates that are present in every cell, sugar conjugates are also widely found in various tissues.

3. The role of saving protein. When the carbohydrates in the diet are insufficient, in order to meet its own need for glucose, the body converts protein into glucose through gluconeogenesis to provide energy;

When a sufficient amount of carbohydrates is consumed, it can prevent the consumption of protein in the body or in the diet, and there is no need to use protein for energy, that is, carbohydrates have the effect of saving protein. Carbohydrates** are sufficient, and there is enough ATP production in the body, which is also conducive to the active transport of amino acids.

The main physiological functions of carbohydrates:

1. Important substances constituting the body; 2. Store and provide heat energy; 3. Energy necessary to maintain brain function; 4. Regulate fat metabolism; 5. Provide dietary fiber; 6. Save protein; 7. Anti-ketogenic effect; 8. Detoxification; 9. Enhance intestinal function;

The main function of sugar is to supply energy, and more than 70% of the energy required by the human body is oxidized and decomposed by sugar. The sugars in the human body as an energy source are mainly glycogen, glycogen, which is the storage form of sugar, which is most abundant in the liver and muscles, and glucose, which is the transport form of sugar. 1 gram of glucose is completely oxidized and decomposed in the body, which releases energy joules.

Sugar is also an important component of tissue cells, such as ribose and deoxyribose are components of nucleic acids in cells; Glycolipids formed by sugars and lipids are important components of nerve tissues and cell membranes. Glycoproteins, which combine sugars with proteins, have a variety of complex functions. 1. Introduction to carbohydrates.

Carbohydrate is composed of three elements: carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and is called carbohydrate because it contains a ratio of two to one in hydrogen and oxygen, the same as water. It is the cheapest of the three main nutrients that provide the body with energy. Carbohydrates in food fall into two categories:

Effective carbohydrates that can be absorbed and utilized by humans, such as monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides, and ineffective carbohydrates that cannot be digested by humans, such as cellulose, are essential substances for the human body.

Heparin in the liver has an anticoagulant effect; Sugars in blood groups are associated with immune activity. In addition, nucleic acids also contain carbohydrate compounds – ribose and deoxyribose – in their composition. Therefore, carbohydrate compounds are of greater significance to medicine.

There are the most abundant organic compounds in nature with broad-spectrum chemical structures and biological functions. It can be expressed by the general formula CX(H2O)Y. There are monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, starches, hemicellulose, cellulose, complex polysaccharides, and derivatives of sugars.

It is mainly formed by green plants through photosynthesis and is the initial product of photosynthesis. In terms of chemical structure characteristics, it is a compound containing polyhydroxyl aldehydes or ketones or a compound that is hydrolyzed into polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones. Glucose, for example, contains an aldehyde group and six carbon atoms, called hexanese.

Fructose contains one ketone group and six carbon atoms, called pentanlose. Together with protein and fat, it is the three basic substances in the biological world, providing the main energy for the growth, movement and reproduction of organisms. It is one of the indispensable and important substances for human survival and development.

One of the three macronutrients - carbohydrates.

Carbohydrates are divided into four categories: monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. There are three types of sugar conjugates: glycolipids, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans.

The main physiological functions of carbohydrates:

1. Important substances constituting the body;

2. Store and provide hot liquid energy;

3. Energy necessary to maintain brain function;

4. Regulate fat metabolism;

5. Provide dietary fiber;

6. Save protein;

7. Anti-ketogenic effect;

8. Detoxification;

9. Enhance intestinal function;

The main foods of carbohydrates** are: sugars, grains (such as rice, wheat, corn, barley, oats, sorghum, etc.), fruits (such as sugarcane, melon, watermelon, bananas, grapes, etc.), dried fruits, dried legumes, root vegetables (such as carrots, sweet potatoes, etc.), etc.

Eat carbohydrates properly.

1. Low-carbon diet.

A low-carb diet is a low-carbohydrate diet.

Carbonic acid compounds are mainly composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which are catabolized into carbon dioxide and water in the body, and there are three main substances that the human body provides energy: fat, carbohydrates, and proteins.

Among them, carbohydrates are the most easily taken by repentants, and carbohydrates are broken down into sugars, which directly affect the blood sugar concentration in the human body.

When the blood sugar concentration is too high, the excess sugar will be spontaneously converted into fat and stored in the human body, so too many carbohydrates will directly lead to obesity.

2. Eat high-quality carbs.

Consuming too many carbohydrates will directly lead to obesity, but when we don't consume enough carbohydrates, it will lead to insufficient supply of energy in the body, which will make us hungry all day long, dizzy and weak, and unable to do anything. Bihu cheats.

Therefore, the amount of carbohydrate intake should not be too low, and we can improve the energy supply of the body with carbohydrates and enhance the feeling of satiety through some high-quality carbohydrate foods.

For example, oats, corn, brown rice, big sales and other foods not only contain high-quality carbohydrates, but also can be eaten as a staple food, which is also rich in vitamins and rice does not contain amino acids, which can speed up the body's metabolism and promote intestinal digestion and absorption.

3. Pick vegetables and fruits to eat.

Not all vegetables and fruits are good**, although most vegetables and fruits contain a lot of vitamins and fiber, but there are also many fruits and some vegetables that contain high sugar and starch.

For example, the starch in potatoes and purple potatoes is relatively high, and the main component of starch is carbohydrates, which should be eaten as little or not as much as possible during the period, and fruits such as watermelon, lychee, durian and other fruits have a very high sugar content, and they should be refused to eat during the period. Eat more vegetables such as celery and cucumbers and fruits that are low in sugar such as apples and tomatoes.

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