How to increase the yield of yam fields? How to grow yams for high yields

Yam Planting Techniques: Teach you how to properly manage and harvest yams.

Sports ** Circle.

Concern. Yam has a high nutritional value, and we often see and eat it in our daily life. So how should we manage and harvest yam in the field?

The sowing position of the scientific fertilization of long yam is 5 cm below the soil layer, and the absorbing roots are mostly elongated in the soil layer of about 10 cm. Therefore, fertilization needs to be concentrated in the shallow soil layer, and it is best to apply fertilizer in stages, do not apply too much basal fertilizer at one time, you can generally apply half of it before furrowing, and the other half is applied after sowing. The fertilization should be applied at a distance of 15 cm away from the seed potatoes on a 2030 cm wide band around the seed potatoes.

1 5 of all fertilizer can be concentrated around or on both sides of the seed potato at the time of sowing; When the stems grow to 1 meter long, 1 5 fertilizers are then sprinkled in the furrows; Before mulching mulching or straw, apply 2 to 5 of the fertilizer in the whole furrow; The remaining 1 5 fertilizers are applied at the end of June or early July. It is generally carried out in combination with watering and cultivating and weeding. Some apply half of the fertilizer as the base fertilizer on both sides of the seed potato, and the remaining half of the fertilizer as top dressing, which is applied on both sides 20 cm away from the seed potato position when cultivating and weeding.

Those covered with plastic film can be fertilized between the furrows, and those covered with straw can be spread on the ground. Ammonia fertilizer should be applied with caution, because ammonia fertilizer is easy to induce deformed potatoes.

Apply more organic fertilizer, top dressing in a timely manner, and do a good job of fertilization during the expansion period to avoid vigorous growth.

Well, it's mainly an environmental issue.

1. Shallow top dressing, clever watering: fertilization should be applied into the shallow soil layer for yam root absorption, shallow top dressing or less top dressing, can ensure high yield of yam, yam is afraid of waterlogging should not be too dry, if too dry will seriously affect the expansion of yam, spray new high fat film reasonable matching water and fertilizer distribution.

2. The frame should be firm: after the emergence of the seedling, the frame should be set up in time, the height of the frame is about 2 meters, the front is in the shape of a "person", the side is obliquely crossed, and the thick bamboo pole or wooden stick is reinforced every 7 or 8 meters.

3. Prevention of pests and diseases: pest control should keep up, pests and diseases are more serious in heavy stubble plots, and the incidence of plots planted in the first year is lighter.

4. Growth period: yam topdressing is mainly in the middle and late stages of growth, and less fertilizer is required in the early stage. When the underground tuber enters the peak period of vigorous growth, it should be re-applied with top dressing, and the foliar spray of medicinal herbs can promote the delivery of foliar photosynthesis products to the root system, improve the nutrient conversion rate and loosening ability, ensure that the tuber elongation and expansion have sufficient nutrients, and the content of effective substances is greatly improved, so as to achieve the purpose of a bumper harvest.

Fertilization of the land. It is necessary to choose sandy soil with thick soil, high and dry terrain, and convenient drainage and irrigation. Generally, the ditch distance is 1 meter, the ditch width is 30 cm, the ditch depth is 100 cm, and then backfilled.

Combined with furrowing, apply base fertilizer, generally apply 10,000 kg of organic fertilizer per mu, 200 kg of rotting cake fertilizer, when planting yams, the pH value of the soil is best around 7, try to choose loam with deep groundwater level. Regarding the geology of yam cultivation, the principle of uniformity should be followed, and yams should never be planted in saline-alkali land.

The first point is to choose a good plot. Since its edible parts are all under the soil, it can only grow better in plots with deep soil layers. And when planting, the excavated planting ditch generally has to reach about one meter, water yam, water yam alias also has a name called Chinese seed yam, this yam has a high yield, more water content, about 6000 catties per mu, it is also relatively good for quality, but the worst is not to bear yam beans, the starch content is very small, and the taste is not good.

To plant yams, you should choose fertile, loose, sandy loam soil or light loam soil that is convenient for drainage and irrigation, avoid saline-alkali and clay soil, and the soil configuration should be uniform, at least 1 1There can be no clay, soil and sand particles in the 2m soil layer. Otherwise, it will affect the appearance of the tuber, identification method:

From the point of view of body shape, the iron stick yam is a relatively thin kind of yam, more straight, the thickness is more uniform, the thickness of the head and tail is not much different, and the diameter of one end and one tail is more than the diameter of a dime coin. And the yam that looks similar to it.

There are three methods for preparing seedlings: one is to use a yam head, take a section of the tuber with buds, about 20 40cm long; The second is to use yam section to cut the tuber into segments according to 8 locm; The third is the use of yam surplus. It is better to choose seedlings to raise seedlings with more than one seed, and the first tree should be shallow, and do not hurt the roots and rhizomes when cultivating.

The number of weeding can be determined according to the growth of residual grass and the degree of soil compaction, and in principle, the sleeping surface should be kept loose and free of weeds.

First of all, it is necessary to choose the front soil layer, and you must choose sandy loam or loam, and then you must grasp it between 25 and 30 degrees when planting, and then you must choose to prepare the land in autumn and winter, water and fertilize the soil, and you must turn the soil deeply.

When preparing the land, it is necessary to clean up the roots or leaves of some remaining trees in the ground, and make sure that the soil is turned very loose.

First of all, the ground is arranged into rows of trapezoidal ridges, then yams are planted in the middle of the two ridges, and finally the soil is covered.

Yam is a vegetable with underground fleshy tuber organs as its product, with thin fibrous roots, so the requirements for soil physical and chemical properties are relatively strict. Generally, it is required to plant in sandy or sandy loam soil with deep soil layer, good air permeability, rich organic matter, and good drainage, with a height of more than 60 cm and a furrow surface of 80 cm.

Drilling holes and applying sufficient basal fertilizer This is one of the key technical measures. After the furrow is finished, choose a long meter, diameter of 2 cm specifications in the furrow cloth while making holes while shaking the steel plate, into a deep hole of 1 meter, diameter of 10 cm (so that the yam block has a loose growth environment, long and straight,) combined with the application of rotten organic fertilizer, such as high-quality manure, human urine, chicken fertilizer and soil miscellaneous fertilizer, etc., 2000 kg per mu.

Sowing seeds in mid to late March, choose sunny days or obstructive days (rainy days are not suitable), cut yam seeds into 5 cm per section, spray 500 times of new high-lipid film to prevent disease and protect wounds. Each hole is placed vertically, not upside down (pay attention to the isolation of fertilizer seeds, in case of rotten seeds), and then cover with soil 5-8 cm. 

Field management Yams are propagated by underground tubers, and after germination, they go through the germination stage, seedling stage, germination stage and tuber expansion stage. Before the germination stage, the growth of stems and leaves was the mainstay, and the tuber expansion stage was after the budding. In the early stage, the stem and leaves and tubers grew vigorously, and the tubers grew mainly in the later stage, and the dry matter accumulated by the tubers accounted for more than 85% of the total dry matter.

In order to promote the growth of stems and leaves at the seedling stage, the solution of Zhuangzhuling was sprayed, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer could account for 1 2 of the total amount of the whole growth period, and some potassium fertilizer was applied. At the germination stage and tuber expansion stage, the root spirit solution of medicinal herbs should be sprayed, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and the remaining nitrogen fertilizer should be added to facilitate the growth of tubers, and shallow furrows should be opened on both sides of the yam planting row for fertilization.

Timely harvest The yam harvest period is very long, starting from early September to the Spring Festival of the following year, in order to obtain better economic benefits, it can be harvested in early September.

Introduction: With the continuous development of planting technology, more and more farmers began to improve planting technology and obtain higher economic benefits, and yam is a kind of stewed meat and medicinal ingredients, and this kind of ingredient is more demanding for some soil environments, and is not suitable for growing in a dry environment, and the economic yield of yam is not very rich, so we must improve the yield when planting, and use scientific management planting technology. Let's take a look.

1. Yam. Yam is a tuber rhizome of the potato family, is a cylindrical vertical growth of plants, the highest length can reach one meter away indicates that the gray-brown skin usually has a little purple, its petiole slender leaf petals have about eight, it mainly grows in some sunny places, in some mountainous northern areas can be seen, when planting in the north, we must pay attention to the yam is a deep-rooted plant, it needs to overwinter, although it is very cold-resistant, in the process of planting yam, Be sure to choose sandy soils with good drainage. <>

Second, increase the output.

If farmers want to get more economic benefits, then planting yam water must increase the yield of yam, and the risk of pests and diseases must be avoided when planting, so as to make the quality of yam better and the yield higher. The main pests and diseases of yam are white spot disease, when planting yam, it must be placed in a sunny place, often able to bask in the sun, if in the terrain area of perennial heavy rain during the growth process, be sure to build a shed and build a scaffold, do not let the roots of the yam stay in the place of water for a long time, and you can also spray with some insecticides. <>

3. Planting technology.

In the process of planting yams, we must constantly improve the planting technology. Most of the yam cultivation methods are to dig out the roots of last year's wounded medicine from the land, then rinse and dry, dry the water, wait until around the Qingming Festival in the second year, dig a small pit in the cone, put the roots in, and then put a scaffold, and then wait for the yam to grow, and after May and August, you can start to apply some fertilizer.

When planting, we should also choose a relatively fertile soil, and in the planting process, we must strengthen field management, pay attention to the density of planting, as well as the depth of planting, and at the same time must be timely replenished fertilizer, and there is to water in time.

Planting yam is relatively strict with the soil, and the clay soil has poor air permeability, and the soil quality is poor, and it is not easy to grow in the later stage. Try not to choose continuous cropping, and use crop rotation to reduce the chance of pests and diseases in the later stage. It can be rotated with crops such as watermelon, corn, wheat, and radish once every three years, and once a year if yam is planted all year round.

Watering on time, fertilizing on time, supplementing nutrients to yam in time, providing sufficient light, reducing the occurrence of insect pests, spraying pesticides and so on.