If it is hidden, it will be a burden

In the Han Dynasty, the commercial activities of the Grange were very active, and there were two parallel and closely related markets of the Grange's internal market and the external market. The transactions in the Grange's internal market are mainly for the purpose of satisfying the needs of daily life within the Grange, while transactions in the Grange's external market are mainly for the purpose of obtaining money and appreciation. The two markets formed by the active commercial activities of the Han Dynasty Grange were the result of the way the Han Dynasty Grange was operated, especially the Han Dynasty's policy of valuing people over land.

If they hide someone, you will be responsible for the delay. Excerpt from the Book of Wei, Book 12 of the Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms.

Liu Xun, the general of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was noble and arrogant, and Sima Zhi's original boss, Liu Xun's subordinates and family children violated the law many times within Sima Zhi's jurisdiction, Liu Xun wrote to Sima Zhi, not writing the name of the writer, but repeatedly asked for intercession, Sima Qian did not take out Liu Xun's letter, but handled it according to the law as always. Later, Liu Xun was executed for plotting rebellion, and everyone who had a relationship with Liu Xun and had dealings with him was implicated, but Sima Zhi was spared because he was praised for his integrity and foresight.

Sima Zhi, whose name is Zihua, is a native of Wen County, Hanoi County. When he was a teenager, he was a scholar and went to Jingzhou to escape the war, and met thieves in Luyang Mountain. The people who accompanied them all fled with the old and the weak. Only Sima Zhi sat there alone to protect the old mother.

When the thieves came, they forced Sima Zhi with a knife. Sima Zhi kowtowed and said, "Mother is old, let my mother go after killing me." The thieves said, "This is a dutiful son!" It is unjust to kill him. ”

Sima Zhi was thus saved from being killed, and pushed a cart to pull his mother away. Sima Zhi lived in the south for more than ten years, cultivating by himself and abiding by etiquette and etiquette.

Original text: Sima Zhi Zihua, Hanoi Wen people. Less scholars, avoiding chaos in Jingzhou, encountering thieves in Luyang Mountain, all the companions abandoned the old and weak, and Zhi sat alone to guard the old mother.

The thief arrived, and the blade was in Zhi, and Zhi kowtowed and said: "Mother Lao, only in the kings!" The thief said: "This filial son is also unjust." So he was spared from harm, and carried his mother in a deer cart. He has lived in the south for more than ten years, ploughing and keeping festivals.

【Original text】 Gou Jubo watched his friend's illness from afar, and it was worth the thief to attack the county. A friend said to Uncle Ju: "I am dead today, my son can go!"

Uncle Ju said: "Looking at each other from afar, the son ordered me to go, and I lost my righteousness in order to survive, how could Uncle Xun do evil?" "The thief is coming, and he is called a giant uncle

When the army arrives, a county is empty; What man do you dare to be alone?"Uncle Ju said: "My friend is sick and can't bear to entrust him, so I'd rather take my friend's life."

The thief said, "My generation has entered the country of righteousness." "Then the squad returned, and the county was captured.

Excerpt from "The World Speaks New Words").

Translation] Once, when Uncle Gou went from afar to visit a friend who was sick, he happened to encounter a foreign enemy attacking the county, and the friend told him, "I am about to die, so you better get out of here!" Uncle Ju said

I came all the way to visit you, but you want me to leave, corrupt morality in exchange for survival, is this what my Uncle Xun did? When the enemy entered the city, he said to him, "As soon as our army entered the city, the whole county ran away, who are you who dare to stay alone?"

We, who are not moral, have invaded this land of morality. So they withdrew and returned, and the whole county was preserved.

Notes】 Yuan: The road is far away, which can be translated as going far away. Value:

Coincidence. County: This refers to the city.

Language: Tell. Look at each other:

Come and visit. Both: Already.

One: Whole. Unique:

One person stays. Stop: Stay.

Senseless: Ruthless and unrighteous. Ban:

Fake words, same"General"Fall back. So:

Thereupon. JustSub:

An honorific title for men in ancient times. With: With.

Commission: Abandon, abandon.

Meaning: Immediately ordered Liu Jie to replace Wang Tong to be a soldier, and the people of Qingzhou said that Sima Zhi "can let the county master book (note) go to be a soldier".

Note: The main book here is the official name, in charge of documents, and handling government affairs.

Original text] Sima Zhi's character is Zihua, and he is rarely a scholar. Taizu Ping Jingzhou, with Zhi as the head of Kan. When the world is grassy, many do not follow the law.

Liu Jie, the county master, was a hero of the old family, with more than 1,000 guests, who became thieves and entered the chaos of officials. In an instant, the king of Zhichajie Ke was also a soldier, and Peng Shi said: "The festival family has not tried to give it before and after, and if it is hidden at the time, it will be left behind."

Zhi didn't listen, and the festival book said: "Jun is a large sect, plus a share of the county, and every guest does not serve, both the people resent." or smell on the stream.

Today, he will be transferred to the same army, and he will be dispatched at the right time. "The soldiers have gathered in the county, and the festival is the same, because the superintendent of the post is ordered to rebuke the county with the army, and the county is poor and poor, and the beggar is walking together. Zhi Nai galloped to Jinan, with the crime of Chen Jie.

Taishou Hao Guangsu respects Xinzhi, that is, he walks with the festival generation, and Qingzhou Zhizhi "takes the county master book as a soldier". Moved to Guangping Order, captured the general Liu Xun, the noble pet and arrogant, and the old county general of Zhi, the children of the guests broke the law in the number of boundaries, Xun and Zhishu, without names, and many belongings, Zhi did not report his book, all of them were the same as the law. Hou Xun was punished for misconduct, and those who handed over the customs were all convicted, and Zhi was famous.

Huang Junior High School, into Henan Yin, suppressing the strong and helping the weak, private invitation is not good. The officials in the meeting wanted to do something to Zhi, but they didn't dare to speak, because of Zhi's wife and uncle Dong Zhao. Zhao is still afraid of Zhizhi, and it is not passable.

Zhi Weijiao and the group said: "Gaijun can set up teaching, but he can't make the officials not commit crimes." A ruler can transgress a religion, but he cannot make a king ignore it.

The husband is guilty of teaching, and the king is also inferior; If you hear about it, you will be in trouble. The king is inferior to the top, and the officials are in trouble at the bottom, so this political matter is ignored. Don't be reluctant!

So the subordinates were self-motivated.

Excerpt from "Romance of the Three Kingdoms: Book of Wei").

"Official training" is the silk silk in the treasury.

Practice : White Silk: Su Lian. Jiang Ping is like practice.

Du" is pronounced dou, and "all toilets" are interpreted as large toilets.

There are people who steal officials and practice putting them on the toilet, and the officials suspect female workers and accept them to pay for prison": Sima Zhi was promoted to Dali Zheng, and someone stole the silk silk from the treasury and put it in the toilet, and the officials suspected that it was a female worker, so they arrested her and put her in prison.

4.(1) Sima Zhi, whose name is Zihua, is a native of Wen County, Hanoi County.

2) Sima Zhi sent someone to ride a fast horse to deliver a letter to the county seat of Jinan, which stated that Liu Jie's crimes were listed in detail.

3) Liu Xun wrote a letter to Sima Zhi without signing his name, but asked Sima Zhi to help many times in the letter. Sima Zhi did not reply to him, and all of them were dealt with in accordance with the law.