Analyze the starter process? The working process of a car starter

The working principle of the starter The control device of the automobile starter includes an electromagnetic switch, a starting relay and an ignition start switch light components, in which the electromagnetic switch is made together about the starter. 1. Solenoid switch 1Structural characteristics of solenoid switch Solenoid switch is mainly composed of electromagnets.

The mechanism and motor switch are composed of two parts. The electromagnet mechanism is composed of a fixed core, a movable core, a suction coil and a holding coil. The fixed core is fixed, and the movable core can be moved axially in the copper sleeve.

The front end of the movable iron core is fixed with the push rod, and the front end of the push rod is provided with a switch contact plate, and the rear section of the movable iron core is connected with the fork with an adjusting screw and a connecting pin. A return spring is installed on the outside of the copper sleeve, and the function is to reset the movable parts such as the movable core. The terminal of the solenoid switch wiring.

When the direction is the same, their electromagnetic attraction is superimposed on each other, which can attract the movable core to move forward until the contact plate at the front end of the actuator connects the electric switch contact to the main circuit of the potential motor. When the magnetic pain generated by the suction coil and the energizing coil is in opposite directions, its electromagnetic attraction cancels each other, and under the action of the return spring, the movable core and other movable parts are automatically reset, the contact plate and the contact are disconnected, and the main circuit of the motor is disconnected. 2. Starting relay The structure of the starting relay is shown in the upper left corner of the figure, which is composed of an electromagnet mechanism and a contact assembly.

The coil is connected to the ignition switch terminal and the lap iron terminal "E" on the housing, the fixed contact is connected to the starter terminal "S", and the movable contact is connected to the battery terminal "BAT" through the contact arm and bracket. The starter relay is normally open when the coil is energized, and the relay core generates electromagnetic force.

Closes its contacts to turn on the relay-controlled suction coil and hold coil circuits. 1.Control circuit The control circuit includes a starter relay control circuit and a starter electromagnetic switch control circuit.

The starter relay control circuit is controlled by the ignition switch, and the controlled object is the relay coil circuit. When the ignition switch starter gear is turned on, the current passes from the battery through the starter power post to the ammeter.

After passing from the ammeter through the ignition switch, the relay coil returns to the negative pole of the battery. Therefore, the relay core produces a strong electromagnetic attraction, which is the control circuit of the relay contact closure and the starter electromagnetic switch. 2.

Main circuit As shown by the arrow in the figure, after the electromagnetic switch is turned on, the attraction coil 3 and the holding coil 4 generate a strong electromagnetic attraction force, and the main circuit of the starter is turned on. The circuit is: battery positive, starter power supply binding post, electromagnetic switch, excitation.

Winding armature winding resistance hits the negative pole of the battery, so the starter generates an electromagnetic rotation distance and starts the engine. <>

The starter uses three parts to implement the entire start-up process. The DC series motor introduces the current from the battery and causes the driving gear of the starter to produce mechanical motion; The transmission mechanism meshes the drive gear into the flywheel ring gear, and at the same time, it can automatically disengage after the engine starts; The starter circuit is switched on and off by an electromagnetic switch. Among them, the electric motor is the main component inside the starter, and its working principle is the energy conversion process based on Ampere's law that we are exposed to in junior high school physics, that is, the action of the energized conductor in the magnetic field.

The electric motor includes the necessary components such as armatures, commutators, magnetic poles, brushes, bearings, and housings.

The starter is actually a battery that drives the motor to work, and the power of the motor is transmitted to the engine until the engine achieves the effect of starting. As we all know, the starting of the engine needs the support of external forces, and the car starter is playing this role. Broadly speaking, the starter uses three components to realize the entire starting process.

Dc motor.

An electric current from the battery is introduced and the drive gears of the starter are mechanically moved.

The transmission mechanism meshes the drive gear into the flywheel ring gear, and at the same time, it can automatically disengage after the engine starts; The starter circuit is switched on and off by an electromagnetic switch. Among them, the electric motor is the main component inside the starter, and its working principle is our junior high school physics.

in contact with Ampere's Law.

The process of conversion of the energy based on the energized conductor is the force applied to the magnetic field. The motor includes the necessary armatures, commutators, magnetic poles, brushes, bearings and housings. The engine must be rotated with the help of an external force before it can run on its own power.

The process of the engine transitioning from a stationary state to being able to run on its own with the help of external force is called engine starting. There are three commonly used starting modes of engine: manual starting, auxiliary gasoline engine starting and electric starting. Manpower start adopts the way of rope pulling or hand cranking, simple but inconvenient, and labor intensity, only suitable for some low-power engines, and is only reserved as a backup mode on some steam cars; Auxiliary gasoline engine starting is mainly used in high-power diesel engines.

Above; The electric starting square crack type is easy to operate, quick to start, has the ability to repetitively start, and can be controlled from a distance, so it is used by modern automobiles.

Widely adopted. @2019

1.The principle of the starter is based on the energy conversion process of Ampere's law, which we touched in junior high school physics, that is, the force on a charged conductor in a magnetic field. The motor includes the necessary armatures, commutators, poles, brushes, bearings, housings, and other parts.

2.The starter can convert the electrical energy of the battery into mechanical energy, drive the flywheel of the engine to rotate, and start the engine. Before the engine can run on its own power, it must be rotated with the help of external forces.

The process of transitioning an engine from a stationary state to self-running with the help of an external force is known as engine starting.

3.Before the engine can run on its own power, it must be rotated with the help of external forces. With the help of an external force, the process of transitioning the engine from a stationary state to self-running is called engine failure start.

There are three common starting modes for engines: manual starting, auxiliary gasoline engine starting, and electric starting. The manual starting method is to pull the rope or crank handle, which is simple, inconvenient and labor-intensive.

It is only suitable for some small cavity engines with front power, and in some cars it is only reserved as a backup. Auxiliary gasoline engine starting is mainly used for high-power diesel engines; The electric start mode is easy to operate, fast to start, repeatable to start, and can be controlled remotely, so it is widely adopted by modern automobiles.

1) Turn on the start switch.

The starter relay is energized, the relay contact is closed, and the electromagnetic switch circuit is turned on; The electromagnetic switch is energized, and the current direction of the two coils is the same, which jointly generates suction force, so that the driving gear is meshed and the main switch is turned on.

2) After the solenoid switch is energized.

The suction and retention coils are energized, and the current flowing through the two is in the same direction, which together produces electromagnetic attraction, under the action of electromagnetic attraction:

The movable core overcomes the elastic force of the return spring to the right, and through the lever mechanism, the pinion begins to mesh into the flywheel ring gear;

When the movable core continues to move to the left, the contact disc is moved to the right through the push rod to turn on the main circuit of the motor. Before the contact disc is connected, a small electromagnetic torque is generated as the current from the suction coil flows through the excitation windings and armature windings, causing the pinion to rotate slowly and engage with the flywheel.

After the pinion is completely meshed with the flywheel, the contact disc is connected to the main circuit of the motor, and the large current of the battery flows into the motor, generating normal electromagnetic torque and starting the engine.

3) After the main circuit of the starter is turned on:

After the main circuit is energized, the suction coil is short-circuited, but the retention coil continues to be energized, generating electromagnetic attraction, maintaining the meshing position of the gear unchanged, and starting the engine.

4) After loosening the ignition switch:

The starting relay is de-energized, the relay contacts are disconnected, and the circuit between the relay and the electromagnetic switch is cut off. Due to the hysteresis of the magnetic field, the main contact disc continues to be energized, and the two coils of the solenoid switch continue to be energized through the contact disc. In this case, the magnetic fields generated by the two coils are in opposite directions, canceling each other out.

The core quickly returns under the action of the return spring, the driving gear exits the mesh, the contact disc returns, the main circuit is cut off, and the starter stops working.

The working process, structure, composition, working principle of automobile starter, and common faults.