What are the maintenance methods of car starters?

Detect the start-up S-pillar with a multimeter.

The starter is an important mechanism on the car, it is mainly composed of a high-efficiency motor, the most frequently used in the car in addition to the engine, is the starter of the engine, we only need to use it, otherwise the car will not be able to start the dust, if the car with automatic start-stop device, the frequency of the starter will be higher, so we must understand the correct use of the starter, and maintenance skills, so that it can start the engine smoothly every time.

Car starters.

1. In order to ensure the engine of the car.

For reliable starting, the battery should always be kept in a sufficient state of power, and the ignition switch, the connection line between the battery and the starter and the tie wire should be firmly connected, and the contact with the good cavity should be careful.

2. Since the starter is designed according to the instantaneous work, and the armature winding current is very large when the starter is working, the time of each start shall not exceed 5 seconds, and the interval between two starts shall not be less than 15 seconds. When the starter is turned on three times in a row and the engine still cannot be started, the cause should be found out and the fault should be eliminated before use. Otherwise, it is easy to damage the starter, and may even lead to the scrapping of the starter.

Car starters.

3. When starting the cold car in winter and low temperature area, the engine should be preheated before using the starter.

4. After the engine starts, the start switch should be cut off in time to make the driving wheel withdraw from the meshing and reduce the wear of the one-way clutch.

5. When using the starter, it should be hung in neutral gear.

Or press the clutch pedal, it is strictly forbidden to move the vehicle by the method of gear starting.

6. Install a dust cover for the starter to prevent a large amount of dust from entering the inside of the motor and staining the commutator and other parts.

7. The starter and starting relay should be checked once every 5,000 kilometers of the car and lubricate the moving or rotating parts.

8. Always check the brush wear and spring pressure of the starter.

1) Regularly dust the inverter, focusing on the rectifier cabinet, inverter cabinet and control cabinet, if necessary, the rectifier module, inverter module and the circuit board in the control cabinet can be removed for dust removal. Whether the lower air inlet and upper air outlet of the inverter are dusty or blocked due to excessive dust. Due to the large amount of ventilation required for heat dissipation of the inverter, after a certain period of operation, the dust on the surface of the spike is very serious, and it must be cleaned and dusted regularly.

2) Open the front door of the inverter, disassemble the back door, carefully check whether the AC and DC busbars are deformed, corroded and oxidized, whether the screws at the busbar connections are loose, whether the screws at the installation fixing points are loose, whether the insulating sheet or insulating column for fixing is aging, cracked or deformed, if there is any, it should be replaced in time, rolled and re-tightened, and the busbar that has been deformed must be corrected and reinstalled.

3) After removing the dust of the circuit board and busbar, carry out the necessary anti-corrosion treatment, paint the insulating paint, and remove the burrs of the busbar that has been partially discharged and arced, and then deal with it. For the insulating board that has been insulated and broken down, the damaged part must be removed, and the insulating board of the corresponding residual insulation grade shall be used near the damage, and the insulation shall be fastened and tested and considered qualified before it can be put into use.

4) Whether the fan operation and rotation in the rectifier cabinet and inverter cabinet are normal, when the machine is stopped, rotate by hand, observe whether the bearing is stuck or noisy, and replace the bearing or repair if necessary.

5) Check the input, rectification, inverter and DC input fast melting, and replace it in time if it is found to be burned.

6) Whether the capacitor in the intermediate DC circuit has leakage, whether the shell has expansion, bubbling or deformation, whether the safety valve is broken, and the capacitance capacity, leakage current, withstand voltage, etc. can be tested if conditions permit, and the capacitor that does not meet the requirements should be replaced, and the new capacitor or the capacitor that has not been used for a long time must be passivated before replacement. The service life of the filter capacitor is generally 5 years, and if the service time is more than 5 years, and the capacitor capacity, leakage current, withstand voltage and other indicators obviously deviate from the detection standard, it should be partially or completely replaced as appropriate.

7) Conduct electrical testing of the diode and GTO of the rectifier and inverter part with a multimeter, measure the forward and reverse resistance values, and carefully record them within the pre-formulated ** to see whether the resistance between the poles is normal, whether the consistency of the device of the same model is good, and replace it if necessary.

8) Check the main contactors and other auxiliary contactors in the A1 and A2 inlet cabinets, carefully observe whether the dynamic and static contacts of each contactor have arcing, burrs or surface oxidation, unevenness, and find that the corresponding dynamic and static contacts should be replaced to ensure that their contacts are safe and reliable.

9) Carefully check whether the terminal row is aging and loose, whether there is a hidden fault of short circuit, whether the connection of each connecting wire is firm, whether the wire skin is damaged, and whether the plug of each circuit board is firmly plugged. Whether the connection between the incoming and outgoing main power lines is reliable, whether there is heating and oxidation at the connection, and whether the grounding is good.

10) Whether the reactor has abnormal chirping, vibration or mushy smell.

Starter inspection.

The outside of the initiator should be kept clean at all times, and all connecting cables, especially those connected to the storage pool, should be firmly and reliably connected; Every 3,000 kilometers driven, the commutator should be inspected and cleaned, and toner and dust on the surface of the commutator should be wiped off. Every 5000 6000 kilometers driven, check the wear range of the test brush and the brush spring pressure, which should be within the specified range; Once a year, the starter is dismantled for maintenance.

Maintenance of the excitation winding.

Common faults in excitation windings include joint desoldering, winding short circuit, open circuit or grounding. When the connector is loose, it can be seen directly after being disassembled. To determine whether the winding is grounded, the resistance between the winding terminal and the housing can be measured with the electrical barrier of the multimeter.

Overhaul of armature windings.

Common faults in armature windings include turn-to-turn short circuits, open circuits, or grounding. Use a multimeter to check if the motorized pivot winding group is grounded. Whether the armature windings are short-circuited or not can be checked with a sensor.

Maintenance of commutators.

Commutator failures are mostly surface ablation, mica protrusion, etc. Minor ablation can be polished with No. 00 sandpaper, and serious ablation or rounding should be finished, but the thickness of the copper sheet of the commutator should not be less than 2mm after processing. If the mica sheet is higher than the steel sheet, it should also be turned over and trimmed.

But whether the mica sheet is cut low depends on the body's starter. GM imported car starter mica.

Thin plates are lower than steel plates. When repairing, if the groove depth between the copper sheets of the commutator is less, it is necessary to cut the mica sheets to the specified depth with a saw blade.

Armature shaft overhaul.

A common failure of the armature shaft is bending deformation. The radial runout of the armature shaft should not be greater than millimeters, otherwise cold straightening should be carried out.

Maintenance of brushes and brush holders.

The height of the brush is generally not less than the standard 2 3, and the contact surface area of the brush should not be less than 75%, and the brush is requested.

There is no jamming in the brush grip, otherwise it needs to be repaired or replaced. The insulation of the brush holder can be checked with the electrical locking of the multimeter or the lamp inspection method. Finally, use a spring scale to measure the elasticity of the brush spring, and replace or repair it if it does not meet the requirements. Maintenance of one-way clutches.

A common failure of one-way clutches is slippage. A torque wrench can be used to detect the torque of a one-way clutch. If the torque is less than the specified value.

value, indicating that the one-way clutch is slipping and should be replaced. For friction plate one-way clutches, if the torque is too small, it can be adjusted.

The thickness of the front gasket of the pressure ring makes it meet the requirements.

Maintenance of solenoid switches.

Common faults in solenoid switches are pulling the coil and holding the coil open, short, and grounded to clear and contact plates and contact surfaces for ablation.

Wait a minute. It is possible to check whether the coil is open or grounded by measuring the resistance of the coil. If it is defective, it should be rewound or replaced. Contact plates and contacts.

Minor surface ablation can be trimmed with a file or abrasive cloth. The return spring is too weak and should be replaced.

I think it is necessary to check the ignition system of the car. The car ignition system is very important to the entire Lukong car, and if it is not checked, it is likely to cause some failures in the car ignition system, affecting the operation of the whole car. When we ignore this system, it can bring us even greater disasters and may threaten our personal safety.

1. Automobile ignition system

The ignition system of the car is the fire spine Nianhua ignition engine. In order to work properly, according to the ignition order of each cylinder, the spark plug is periodically supplied with a high pressure of sufficient energy (about 15000 30000V) so that the spark plug produces a strong enough spark to ignite the combustible mixture. The working process of the mechanical ignition system is that the crankshaft drives the distributor shaft to rotate, and the cam on the distributor shaft rotates, so that the primary contact of the ignition coil is switched on and off, and high voltage electricity is generated.

Electronic ignition systems are also divided into closed-loop control and open-loop control. The electronic control system with a knock sensor can correct the ignition advance angle in time according to whether the engine is detonation, which is called a closed-loop control system. <>

Second, the basic composition of the engine ignition system

1.Power supply: It is generally composed of a battery and a generator, which is mainly used to provide the required electrical energy for the ignition system.

2.Sensor: It is used to detect various operating parameters of the engine and provide the ECU with the signals required for ignition control.

3.Electronic Control Unit: It is the center of the electronically controlled ignition system.

When the engine is working, the electronic control unit determines the optimal ignition advance angle and energizing time based on the received sensor signals and the relevant programs and data stored in the memory, and sends instructions to the igniter accordingly. According to the command, the igniter controls the switching on and off of the primary circuit of the ignition coil.

3. The working principle of the automobile ignition system

When gasoline works, the combustion of the gas mixture is controlled by spark plug ignition. The function of the ignition system is to provide high pressure with enough energy to the spark plug at the appropriate time according to the working state and working sequence of the engine, so as to generate sparks between the electrodes, so as to ensure that the mixture can be ignited and the engine can do work. The technical condition of the ignition system not only seriously affects the power, economy and emission performance of the engine, but also determines whether the engine can work normally.

I think the engine starting system of the car is very important, so I usually go to the 4S shop once every six months to overhaul it.

I believe that the engine starting system of a car is the core of the car, and it should be sent to a professional service location on time for maintenance.

I think the first thing to do is to check the sensors and some memory, both of which can be used to accurately determine the ignition.

The precursor of a car starter failure is that the starter does not work properly and the driving gear does not turn. The main reasons are problems with the power cord or ablation of the contact plate of the starter switch, excessive engine resistance, etc. The power output of the starter is insufficient to drive the crankshaft.

The main reasons are a short circuit in the excitation coil and a low power in the closed battery. The screeching sound of the starter operation may be caused by the one-way clutch jamming or improper installation of the starter.

Fault detection and diagnosis of starters.

1.When starting the engine, turn on the headlights or horn and observe whether the light brightness and horn sound are normal. If it is weak, check whether the battery is short of power and whether the circuit connection is loose;

2.The electromagnetic switch of the starter is connected to the positive pole of the battery, and Li Xing observes the working condition of the starter. If it is working properly, check the ignition;

3.Connect the starter switch to the steering column and observe the operation of the starter. If it works properly, check the solenoid switch of the starter;

4.Remove the starter from the car, then remove the starter brushes and check the surface condition of the starter brushes and commutator. The surface of the commutator should be free of ablation, and the brushes should move freely in the brush grip without jamming.

The contact area between the brush and the commutator should not be less than 4 5, and the length of the brush should not be less than 2 3 of the new brush.

5.All of the above tests are normal. If the starter does not rotate, the fault is that the excitation coil is open;

6.If the starter does not rotate, the fault is a short circuit in the excitation coil;

7. If the external circuit contact has a large spark, the fault is the excitation coil or brush grip grounding;

8.If there is uneven operation, the fault is a short circuit between the excitation coil and the armature coil;

9.If the output torque is small, the fault may be that the brush is poorly grounded;

10.After confirming and troubleshooting, install the starter back into the engine;

11.Start the engine again, the engine can start normally, and confirm that the system is normal and trouble-free.