How did the primitive farming life come about?

Around 10,000 years ago, people accidentally discovered that some plants could be planted and eaten, so they began to cultivate this type of plants, resulting in the so-called primitive agricultural life.

Later, mankind transitioned from a fishing and hunting economy to a production economy, and a new era began. With the advent of agriculture and livestock rearing, food was expanded**, and people began to settle down and engage in some handicraft production. China is one of the countries with the earliest origins of agriculture in the world.

After thousands of years, millet was grown in the Yellow River basin, and rice was grown in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. During long-term hunting, it was discovered that the cubs of some animals were raised and produced after being raised to be docile, so they became domestic animals. In the north, pigs, dogs, and chickens are raised, while in the south, pigs, dogs, and buffalo are raised.

At the same time, hunting and gathering are still important supplementary means of obtaining food, and fishing and hunting tools and techniques have greatly improved compared to the past. The consumption of crops and the need for cooking utensils led to the emergence of pottery technology.

With the advent of cultivated agriculture, primitive knowledge and technologies such as astronomy, calendar, meteorology, water conservancy, soil, fertilizer, and seeds were produced accordingly. "White Tiger Pass" contains, Shennong "because of the time of the sky, the benefits of the division of the land", "Yang Quan Theory" said: "Shennong began to govern agriculture, righteousness, judging the cold and temperature, thinking that it was the period of early and late, so the calendar was established."

In the process of tribal migration and expansion, farming tools and farming techniques soon spread to the vast basins of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, and gradually formed the farming custom of planting dry grain in the north and rice in the south.

The primitive agricultural life was born with the evolution of human beings and the development of productive forces, and China mainly began in Hemudu and Banpo.

Primitive people were hungry, too tired and dangerous to hunt, so they picked melons and fruits, and found that the fruit core could grow into fruit trees, which could continue to eat, accumulate experience, inherit and develop, and finally formed a farming life.

With the continuous evolution of human beings, primitive inhabitants began to settle in a certain place, began to learn to farm, and increased food, so there was a farming life.

By chance, people stumbled upon a certain plant that could be grown and eaten.

Cultivation began, giving rise to the so-called primitive farming life.

Our country was the first country to grow rice, millet and vegetables.

Seven or eight thousand years ago, a large amount of rice was found in the Yangtze River Basin, and the highest place of husk, rice stalk and rice leaves was 1 meter, and the shape of the rice was complete, and the particle size was close to that of modern cultivated rice.

6,000 years ago in the Yellow River Basin, ancient humans made bone tools, horn tools and other production tools to reclaim land, engaged in agricultural production and mainly planted millet.

Difference Between Primitive and Agrarian Societies:

Primitive society: It is based on kinship relations, has a small population, and adopts an egalitarian distribution method of economic life. Control over society is maintained by tradition and patriarchy, without customary law and power.

In a typical primitive society, there is no full-time leader. People of the same age and sex have the same social status.

Agrarian society: It is a society that depends on agricultural cultivation for its survival, and its basic feature is a self-sufficient natural economy. In the agrarian world, the growth rate of agrarian production is greater than that of the nomadic world.

Farming inevitably tends to be settled, which in turn makes it possible for its development, and the consequent social and civilizational development, to be inherited in a relatively large and relatively stable manner.

The formation of an agrarian society

The agrarian economy can develop to a higher level, including handicrafts, commerce, markets, towns, etc.; Different degrees of interaction can also occur between various agriculture-based regions, and different degrees of influence can occur.

About 10,000 years ago, farming and animal husbandry began to take place in the ancient world. There have been several farming centers with their own characteristics in the world. The earliest was Western Asia, in the area around Mesopotamia, where the inhabitants were the first to domesticate wild wheat and develop it into an agricultural center for growing wheat and barley.

This is followed by East Asia and Southeast Asia, including China.

Wheat is cultivated in China's Yellow River Basin. South of the Yangtze River in China, Southeast Asia, and the Ganges River in India are characterized by the cultivation of rice. Another center for growing corn is Mexico.

Peru could be another center for corn cultivation. There is also the interior of sub-Saharan Africa, where scholars believe that there may also be agricultural centers that have developed on their own.

After the formation of the agricultural center, it slowly developed into a place where it was easy to farm. After thousands of years, as far as the Eurasian continent is concerned, China from the Yellow River to the Yangtze River, India from the Indus River to the Ganges, West Asia and Central Asia from Anatonia to Iran and Afghanistan, and Europe from the Mediterranean coast, all of them have become agricultural and semi-agricultural belts.

This zone stretches between the two ends of the Eurasian continent and forms a long southerly arc. Historiography calls this long arc the agrarian world. Farming was originally combined with animal husbandry. In Eurasia, the areas that are easy to farm are basically southern, that is, from east to west, forming an agrarian world.

The significance of primitive agricultural production: 1. Primitive agriculture has changed the relationship between man and nature. They can get as much food from a small plot of land as they can from gathering and hunting on a larger land.

In the practice of agricultural production, people can apply the knowledge of biological celebration and reproduction, so that they can rely on their own activities to multiply natural products and find more stable and reliable food and clothing**. Since then, people have taken some initiative in the natural world. Therefore, after the emergence of agriculture, it quickly became the basic production sector of ancient society in our country.

2. Primitive agricultural production provided a material basis for the emergence of animal husbandry and handicrafts. As a result of the gradual development of agriculture, people were able to produce surplus food in addition to satisfying the needs of the producers themselves, and then the cities appeared, and the division of labor between agriculture and animal husbandry, handicrafts, and especially mental work was able to be differentiated from manual labor. 3. Primitive agricultural production has improved people's living standards and laid a solid foundation for the development of agriculture in the next few thousand years.

For example, the emergence of wells is also an important guarantee for people to settle down and live. People take turns to change crops on several plots of land, so they don't have to move to other places to reopen the land. This would lead to a longer sedentary life, which would be conducive to the development of agriculture.

A large number of different types of agricultural production tools have also been unearthed in the ruins of this period, among which stone shovels, stone adzes, stone rakes and bone rakes are all tools for turning the soil, and stone hoes, mussel hoes and stone field tools with two wings are used for cultivating and weeding. Harvesting tools such as stone sickles, mussel sickles, bone sickles, and perforated half-moon stone knives not only improve harvesting efficiency, but also can be harvested with rods, and this harvesting method reserves the necessary feed for raising livestock. The stone grinding rod is a tool for hulling grain.

Hemudu. Fossilized buffalo bones that may have been domesticated have also been unearthed, suggesting that the ancestors of Hemudu may have used a method of cultivating the fields as oxen treading fields. 4. The emergence of agriculture is an epoch-making event. It is the foundation of civilization.

The emergence of primitive agriculture is of epochal significance in the history of mankind, which enabled human beings to move from a "grabbing economy" that could only use "natural products" as food to a "production economy" that could produce food, and to transition human society into the era of civilization.

The material foundation was laid.

Humanity fromPrimitive Society Belief MissesIt took nearly 10,000 years to reach an agrarian society.

Humans solved the problem of security in primitive societies. Over the course of nearly 10,000 years, humans learned to be nomadic and agrarian, eventually relying on a stable natural environment.

Entering the agricultural society in an all-round way, human beings have solved the biggest problem of eating. After solving the two biggest problems of safety and eating, the degree of freedom of human beings as a whole.

Synchronization is increased. Human beings have begun to strive to improve the quality of life.

Stages of primitive societies:

The social organization of primitive societies went through primitive groups and clan communes.

Two stages of development. Clans are primitive societies where people are related by blood.

The basic economic unit of common production and life characterized by its association. The clan in turn went through a matrilineal clan.

and the paternal slippery clan in two stages. The former high traveler is represented by the fact that women are the main body of the clan, and the lineage of the clan members is calculated according to the maternal line, and the property is inherited by the maternal blood relatives.

The latter is manifested in the fact that the lineage is calculated according to the patrilineal line, the property is inherited according to the patrilineal line, and the leadership of the clan falls into the hands of the man. In primitive societies there was no exploitation, no classes, and therefore no state, and all major issues were decided by clan councils in which all members participated.

In the history of China, the primitive agricultural life was carried out by the primitive tribes of Banpo and Hemudu.

The primitive farming life in Chinese history is very happy and contented, and I don't have to worry about it because I have to pay taxes.

Agrarian civilization and nomadic civilization are two different civilizations of the Chinese nation in ancient times, and they are complementary.

Agrarian civilization originated from the prosperity of matrilineal clans, and refers to the sum of all material and spiritual wealth (including farming technology, stone tools, pottery production, settlement methods, nature worship and ancestor worship, etc.).

Both Banpo Settlement and Hemudu Settlement belong to the stage of agricultural civilization.

The term "settlement" is different from what used to be called "clan". A "settlement" is a place where early humans settled. "Clan", also known as "clan commune", is a relatively fixed social group (group) formed according to blood relations

In the territorial sense, the settlement should contain many clans, and the residents of Banpo and Hemudu may be a large commune and a large settlement composed of several clans.

Banpo settlement and Hemudu settlement have commonalities and have their own characteristics. The commonalities are: both are at roughly the same stage of development, belonging to the matrilineal clan stage; All of them are based on agricultural production as the main economic form, and there are also economic activities such as breeding, fishing and hunting, and gathering; will build a house and live a settled life; They all use the Nian Xuan filial piety and make polished stone and pottery.

The differences are: the geographical environment is different; The characteristics of Yushan building houses are different; Crops are different; The style of pottery making is different. Therefore, we often think that the Banpo settlement reflects the characteristics of agricultural civilization in the semi-arid region of northern China, and is the representative of the matriarchal clan culture in the Yellow River Basin. The Hemudu settlement reflects the characteristics of agricultural civilization in the humid areas of the south and is the representative of the matriarchal clan culture in the Yangtze River Basin.

Summary. It is believed that the most important reason for primitive people to live a settled life is the emergence of primitive agriculture and animal husbandry, that is, the emergence and development of primitive farming, which enables human beings to obtain relatively stable food and live in a fixed place for a long time

According to the theory, the most important reason for primitive people to live a settled life is the emergence and development of primitive agriculture and animal husbandry, that is, primitive farming, which enables human beings to obtain relatively stable food and pants and live in a fixed place for a long time

The effect is to slowly learn to plant and raise, and get rid of the state of relying solely on nature for food.