How do you know the age of a cow and how do you see the age of a cow?

There is a certain law in the growth, replacement and wear degree of cattle teeth, and the age of cattle can be judged according to the changes in the incisors of the cow, that is, according to the occurrence of deciduous teeth or the replacement of deciduous teeth with permanent teeth and the degree of wear and tear of permanent teeth.

The deciduous teeth (i.e., the teeth that erupt after birth) are small and white, with a pronounced neck and a large tooth gap; Permanent teeth (i.e., new teeth that have been replaced after the loss of a deciduous tooth) are large, thick, yellowish in color, and arranged in close proximity to each other. Generally, the first pair of mastoidine incisors grows out about half a month after the calf is born, and when the four pairs of mastoidine incisors grow together at the age of 4-5 months, they gradually wear out and become shorter. Buffalo is about 3 years old, the first pair of deciduous incisors falls off at the age of 1 5-2 years old, and the first pair of permanent teeth is grown, that is, "pair of teeth", and then falls off and renews 1 pair every year, gradually from "four teeth", "six teeth" to "eight teeth" (that is, "Qi mouth"), generally buffalo Qi mouth is about 6 years old, and cattle Qi mouth 4 5-5 years old.

After the cow is mouthed, the permanent tooth begins to wear sequentially, and the wear surface gradually changes from a rectangular pattern to a black oval and then a triangle, and the gap between the teeth gradually expands until the root of the tooth is exposed and the permanent tooth falls off. The rectangular pattern that appears on the worn surface of the tooth is called "imprint". The buffalo is about 7 years old, the cattle are 5 5-6 years old, and the "two seals" appear, and so on every year 1 pair is worn out until the "eight seals", the buffalo is about 10 years old, and the cattle are 8 5-9 years old.

The black oval pattern that appears on the worn surface of the tooth is called "bead". The buffalo is about 11 years old, and the ox 9 5-10 years old will appear "two beads", and so on until "eight beads" (that is, "full beads", also known as "old mouth"). Buffalo Manzhu is about 14 years old, cattle Manzhu is 12 5-13 years old, buffalo is more than 14 years old, and cattle are more than 13 years old and have reached old age, basically losing their service performance and reproductive performance.

1. Identification according to teeth:

There is a certain rule in the growth, replacement and wear of cattle teeth, and the age of cattle can be determined according to the changes in the incisors of cattle. The deciduous teeth of cattle are small and white, with obvious tooth necks and large tooth gaps; The permanent teeth are large, thick, yellowish in color, neatly arranged, and close to each other.

Generally, the first pair of mastoidine incisors grows out about half a month after the calf is born, and when the four pairs of mastoidine incisors grow together at the age of 4-5 months, they gradually wear out and become shorter. The first pair of mastoids to fall out of a buffalo is about 3 years old, and the first pair of mastoids to be a cattle year old are lost.

The first pair of permanent teeth erupts, ie"to the teeth", after shedding 1 pair of updates every year, gradually by"4 teeth"、"6 teeth", to"8 teeth, generally buffalo about 6 years old, cattle year-old.

2. Identification according to appearance:

According to the appearance of the age of the cattle, only the old and young can be identified, but the accurate age can not be judged. In general, the coat of young cattle is shiny, moderately coarse and hard, soft and elastic, full of glenoids, bright eyes, and lively and powerful movements.

On the contrary, elderly cattle have improper standing posture on all fours, messy and dull coats, dry and dry, sunken glenoids, dull eyes, wrinkled eye circles, and slow movements. In addition to the above changes, buffaloes become darker and thinner with age.

3. Identification according to the corner wheel:

The horn wheel is like the annual rings of a tree. Horn wheels are generally formed during the forage season, or during pregnancy, due to nutritional deficiencies. Every time a cow gives birth, a concave wheel forms on the surface of the horn. Therefore, the number of horn wheels plus the breeding age is the age of the cow.

However, this is only accurate under normal circumstances, if the cow is empty, miscarried, sick or nutritionally unbalanced, the depth of the horn chakra, the width and narrowness will not be the same, and the boundaries are often unclear, and more than one is formed every year. As a result, only large and pronounced corner wheels are usually counted. Otherwise, it is easy to make an error in judgment.

Habits. Bison are very social animals, accumulating in large herds, some of which can even be hundreds or thousands of heads. These herds usually consist of females and calves, although there are occasional bachelors in some groups. As a rule, larger and experienced bulls tend to move alone, with mixed herds only during the breeding season.

Males have a strict hierarchy of size.

Bovine animals are obligate herbivores that tend to live in groups, foraging in open grassland habitats. As all-herbivores, large bovines consume high-fiber vegetation that contains more fiber and lignin than forest animals.

However, since all bovine animals are obligate herbivores, they support the microbial community (bacteria, protozoa, and fungi) within the rumen, which helps break down cellulose and lignin and convert high-fiber feeds into abundant energy.

Judged by appearance.

By observing the appearance of the cattle, the age of the cattle can be preliminarily estimated, and it is used to determine whether it is an old, prime, young or young cattle. Juvenile cattle have short, broad heads, lively eyes, thin eyelids, and smooth coats; The body is narrow, the limbs are high, and the hindquarters are higher than the forequarters. Generally, the coat of young cattle is of moderate length, moderate thickness, soft and elastic, full of eyes, bright eyes, and lively and energetic.

On the contrary, elderly cattle generally have an improper standing posture, ** boring, coarse coat, lack of luster, sunken eyes, dull eyes, wrinkles on the eye circles and mixed with white hair; Sluggishness, slumping, hunched back. In addition to the same changes mentioned above, the buffalo has a darker coat and thinner coat density as it ages. The above methods can only identify the age of the old and young cattle, but can not accurately judge their age, so it can only be used as a reference for age identification.

According to the dental identification.

The most accurate way to determine the age of cattle is to use the dental identification method, that is, by observing the birth and grinding of the incisors of the cow. Cow teeth can be divided into deciduous teeth and permanent teeth (permanent teeth). Baby teeth are born first, and as we age, they gradually fall out and are replaced with permanent teeth.

There are 20 deciduous teeth, without postmolars; There are 32 permanent teeth.

Article**2 The average calf is born with 1 pair of mastoids, sometimes 3 pairs. After birth, about 5 to 6 days or half a month, the last pair of deciduous incisors is born. 3 At 4 months of age, the papillary teeth are fully developed, and all the deciduous incisors are full and semicircular.

From the age of 4 to 5 months, the tooth surface of the deciduous incisors gradually wears out, and the order of wear is from ** to both sides. When worn to a certain extent, the deciduous incisors begin to fall out and are replaced with permanent teeth. The order of replacement starts with the pincers and ends with the corners.

When the incisors have been replaced, they gradually wear out and finally fall off. Therefore, the age of the cattle can be roughly judged by the replacement and wear of the incisors. Although the premolars are also replaced, it is difficult to observe the molars, so the changes in the molars are generally not considered when judging the age of the cattle.

The age identification method of dairy cows with medium maturity is briefly described for the replacement and wear of their incisors.

4 At 5 months of age, the deciduous incisors are all fully incorporated, and the forceps and inner middle deciduous teeth are slightly worn.

At 6 months of age, the outer middle deciduous incisors are worn, and sometimes the margins of the papillae are worn.

6 9 months old, the tooth surface of the deciduous incisors continued to wear, and the wear surface expanded.

At 10 12 months of age, the entire tooth surface of the crown of the deciduous incisor is ground.

At 14 months of age, the crown of the inner middle deciduous tooth is ground flat.

15 At 18 months of age, the deciduous incisors have become significantly shorter, the milk-forceps teeth have begun to shake, and the tooth surfaces of the outer middle deciduous teeth and deciduous teeth have been smoothed.

At the age of 18 24 months, the teeth of the milk forceps are lost and replaced with permanent teeth, commonly known as "opposite teeth". At the age of 30 36 months, the middle teeth in the mammary are lost, and the permanent teeth are replaced and fully developed, commonly known as the "four teeth".

36 At the age of 42 months, the outer middle teeth of the mammary are lost and replaced with permanent teeth, commonly known as "six teeth". The replacement of the outer mammary middle teeth is very close to the time of the replacement of the mammary middle teeth, so it is called "four or six parallel ties", when the enamel on the tooth surface of the mammary middle teeth begins to wear out.

4 5 years old, the mammary tooth fell out, and he was reborn forever.

The formula for looking at the age of the ox: one pair of teeth, three years old, two pairs of teeth, four years old, five to six years old, seven bites and eight bites. When choosing a cow, look at a piece of skin from a distance, the back hair of the good breed cattle is neat and bright, the hair is relatively short and sticky, and it is relatively thin and elastic; The hooves of the ox should be round and large, the size should be consistent, and the toes of the hooves should be symmetrical; Cattle with wide and deep chests will have more developed heart and lungs, while the abdomen is wider and larger, and the ribs are open, indicating that cattle have better gastrointestinal organs.

The growth law of cattle teeth The age of cattle can be roughly judged by the replacement and wear of cattle incisors.

As of July 7, 2021, Niu Ben's age: 85 years old.

On July 6, 2021, Shanghai Film Group held the "Ode to Light and Shadow - Filmmakers Always Follow the Party" film meeting to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China at the Shangyin Opera House.

In the chorus of "Without the Communist Party, there would be no New China", the curtain will come to an end, and the three generations of old, middle and young filmmakers are excited.

Niu Ben, a famous actor who joined the party at an advanced age, said: "I have a special feeling for film work, no matter how the times change, I always adhere to one thing, 'Act in good movies and serve the people.'" ’

As a filmmaker, I feel the responsibility to adhere to the life pursuit of 'creating for the people'. As a representative of the backbone of the film, He Zizhuang, the screenwriter of the movie "Wangdao", said: "Taking history as a mirror and reflecting the future, we must strengthen our ideals and beliefs today and remember the history of struggle."

Early Experience:

Niu Ben, formerly known as Zhang Xuejing, was born in Tianjin in 1935 and is the sixth among his siblings.

At the age of 6, Niu Ben lost his parents and lived with his brother who was a driver at the No. 3 Zhongdian Factory in Beiping (later Xinying). At that time, there were many actors living in the backyard of CLP No. 3 Factory, Xie Tian, Han Tao, Qi Heng, etc.

Niu Ben was clever and diligent when he was young, and he often helped them run errands. In 1946, Shen Fu's anti-Japanese film "Tales of the Holy City" needed a young actor who played the role of a village boy, and Xie Tian, who played Father Jin in the film, recommended Niu Ben to Shen Fu. Niu Ben also made everyone remember that he once played the role of a "little calf" because of his outstanding performance in the film.

As of 2021, Niu Ben is 86 years old.

Niu Ben was born on July 9, 1935 in Tianjin.

In 1945, he filmed his first film "A Tale of the Holy City".

After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, Niu Ben returned to Beijing and filmed a "Dragon Whisker Valley" at the Beijing Film Studio, and then went to Shanghai and has been in the Shanghai Film Studio, and served as an actor in the Shanghai Film Studio after the founding of the People's Republic of China.

In 1982, Niu Benyin vividly played the herdsman Guo Yanzi in the film "Wrangler".

In February 2014, he starred in "Old Man Seagull" and was nominated for the Best Actor Award at the 18th Shanghai International Film Festival and the 12th Film Channel Media Awards.

In 2015, he won the 15th Movie Channel Movie Lily Award"Special Jury Prize" 。

In March 2016, he co-starred with Xiao Sun Hao in the public welfare film "Cause and Effect Apocalypse" directed by Wang Lutao.

On the evening of September 16, 2017, the 31st China Film Golden Rooster Awards ceremony was held in Hohhot, and Niu Ben won the Lifetime Achievement Award of the 31st China Film Golden Rooster Awards.

On December 8, 2020, the film "Village Chief Working" directed by Du Cungang was held in Suining, Xuzhou.

On May 8, 2021, the starring cultural poverty alleviation life light comedy "Scholars Everywhere" was broadcast on Beijing Satellite TV.

Niu Ben's character evaluation:

When the 80-year-old teacher Niu Ben was filming "The Seagull Old Man", he insisted on not using a stand-in to perform a lake jumping scene, which touched all the audience; Niu Ben is not only serious in acting, brilliant in shaping characters, his hands are particularly skillful, and he is also famous for his love of pondering; Known as an evergreen tree in the film industry.

Mr. Niu's straightforwardness and innate sense of humor make him always full of joy when he is sharp and witty in the show or in the interview. When Niu Ben was filming "Marriage First and Love Later", Gong Kaibo, the producer and chief screenwriter, changed the play for him due to physical problems.

But Niu Ben, who has always been dedicated, was furious and found him to stick to the original script again and again, which also made "Marriage First and Love Later" more perfect and perfect.

He was 79 years old. Niu Ben, formerly known as Zhang Xuejing, was born in Tianjin in 1933, a famous Chinese film and television actor, and has the reputation of "evergreen in the film industry". Representative works: "Tale of the Holy City", "Cremation", "Sea Oath", etc.

Niu Ben lost his parents at the age of six and lived with his brother who worked as a driver in the third factory of Beiping CLP, and in 1946, 11-year-old Niu Ben played the role of a village boy in the film "Tale of the Holy City"; Later, he played a children's role in the film "The Secret History of the Qing Palace", and went to Hong Kong in the same year to participate in the filming of films such as "Cremation"; After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as an actor in Shanghai Film Studio, and for more than 60 years, he has played roles in hundreds of film and television works, and is the fifth director of the China Film Association.

Niu Ben won the Best Supporting Actor Award at the 3rd China Film Golden Rooster Awards and the Best Supporting Actor Award at the 6th Hundred Flowers Awards in 1983 for his vivid role as herdsman Guo Bianzi in the film "Wrangler"; He has also directed TV series such as "Father", "Happy Relationship", and "The Story of Tibetan Gold".