What are the different types of thermal pollution? What are the types of pollution?

Common thermal pollution includes: First, atmospheric thermal pollution. Humans emit heat-containing exhaust gases and water vapor into the atmosphere.

When the atmospheric temperature rises and the meteorological conditions are affected, it is called atmospheric thermal pollution.

Atmospheric thermal pollution can also have many adverse effects on humans. For example, in the airspace above an industrial area or town, the temperature in the central area is higher than the annual average temperature in the surrounding area due to the large amount of waste heat from production and domestic use, a phenomenon called the heat island effect in meteorology.

The heat island effect is a metaphor for an industrial area or town as an island in the ocean. During the day, the island heats up faster than the surrounding area, so the surface air temperature on the island is higher than the surrounding temperature.

Due to the existence of heat islands, the pollutants and waste heat emitted by industrial zones or towns always circulate over local areas, and it is difficult to diffuse downwind, which aggravates the environmental pollution of industrial zones or towns.

In the case of a general calm wind, the heat island is present all day long. Only when the wind speed is relatively large and the air is affected by the gradient of large air pressure, the pollutants are likely to be transported, diffused and diluted downwind.

Due to the concentration of population in urban areas, buildings and streets have replaced the natural covering layer of the ground, industrial production emits heat, a large number of motor vehicles drive, and a large number of air conditioners emit heat, resulting in a higher urban temperature than the suburbs.

Thermal pollution in rural areas.

The second is thermal pollution of water bodies. Thermal power plants, nuclear power plants.

Wastewater discharged from steel mills, etc., causes the temperature of the water body to rise. Dissolved oxygen in water.

Greatly reduced, the toxicity of some poisons is greatly increased; Fish do not reproduce normally or die; Some bacteria also begin to multiply in the water body, destroying the aquatic ecological environment and causing water quality to deteriorate.

Thermal pollution refers to the phenomenon of human activities that affect and endanger the thermal environment. In addition to solar energy, people also consume all kinds of fuels on the earth without restraint. such as for industrial and agricultural production; It is used for heating in winter; It is used for hot work in some industries.

Wait. In the process of fuel consumption, not only a large amount of pollutants containing harmful or radioactive substances are generated, but also a large amount of carbon dioxide is produced.

Some substances such as water vapor and hot water are not directly harmful to the human body. These substances have a warming effect on the environment. At present, reducing heat pollution caused by human activities is also an important measure for environmental protection.

Common thermal pollution includes: 1. Due to the concentration of population in urban areas, buildings and streets replace the natural covering layer of the ground, industrial production emits heat, a large number of motor vehicles drive, and a large number of air conditioners emit heat, resulting in a heat island effect in which the urban temperature is higher than that in the suburbs and rural areas; 2. The increase in water temperature caused by cooling water in thermal power plants, nuclear power plants, steel mills, etc., reduces dissolved oxygen, increases the toxicity of some poisons, prevents fish from reproducing or dies, and some bacteria multiply, destroying the aquatic ecological environment and causing water quality deterioration.

1. Industrial pollution: There are many kinds of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere by industry, and the nature is complex, including soot, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides.

Organic compounds, halides, carbon compounds, etc. Some of them are soot, some are gases;

2. Pollution of domestic stoves and heating boilers: A large number of civil stoves and heating boilers in the city need to consume a large amount of coal, and a large amount of dust and sulfur dioxide will be released during the combustion process of coal.

Harmful substances such as carbon monoxide pollute the atmosphere. Especially in winter heating, it often fills polluted areas with smoke;

3. Transportation pollution: automobiles, trains, airplanes, and ships are the main means of transportation in contemporary times, and the exhaust gas produced by burning coal or oil is also an important pollutant. The pollutants emitted by cars in cities can directly invade people's respiratory organs, which is very serious to the air pollution in the city, and has become one of the main sources of air pollution in large cities.

The main exhaust gases emitted by automobiles are carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons. Wait.

Classification from the perspective of the environment affected by pollution:

1. Air pollution, including air pollution and indoor air pollution;

2. Water pollution, including surface and groundwater pollution;

3. Soil pollution, industrial land pollution, agricultural land pollution, ecological area pollution, etc.

1. Municipal odor, industrial exhaust, automobile exhaust, decoration exhaust, catering exhaust, etc.;

2. Industrial wastewater, domestic municipal sewage;

3. Domestic municipal waste, industrial waste, hazardous waste;

4. Noise pollution;

5. Light pollution;

6. Thermal radiation, ionizing radiation, nuclear radiation pollution, etc.

Noise pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, radiation pollution, thermal pollution.

Industrial pollution, pollution from domestic stoves and heating boilers, and pollution from transportation.

Thermal pollution refers to the phenomenon of human activities that affect and endanger the thermal environment. Human life and production practice require a certain thermal environment. In order to obtain and maintain a suitable thermal environment, human beings consume a large amount of various fuels in addition to the solar energy that accompanies the natural sky.

In the process of fuel consumption, not only a large number of pollutants containing harmful substances or stupid radioactive substances are produced, but also a large amount of carbon dioxide, water vapor and hot water and other substances that are not directly harmful to the human body. Although these substances are not directly harmful to the human body, they have a warming effect on the environment. This kind of pollution, which can cause undesirable warming effects in the process of energy consumption and conversion, is called thermal pollution.

At present, with the increasing energy consumption of the world, human beings emit more and more heat to the surrounding environment. It mainly includes two aspects: heat dissipation to the atmosphere and heat dissipation to the water body.

Thermal pollution refers to the environmental pollution caused by waste heat emitted from modern industrial production and life. Thermal pollution can pollute the atmosphere and water bodies. Thermal heat is abundant in the hot water discharged from the cooling systems of thermal power plants, nuclear power plants, and steel plants, as well as in the production wastewater discharged from petroleum, chemical, and paper plants.

After these waste heat are discharged into the surface water body, the water temperature can be increased, the dissolved oxygen can be reduced, the toxicity of some poisons can be increased, the fish can not reproduce or die, and some bacteria can multiply excessively, destroying the ecological environment of the water body, and then causing the deterioration of water quality.

Water pollution, air pollution.

Noise pollution. Solid waste pollution.

Now there's one more light pollution.

Water pollution, air pollution, soil pollution, solid waste, noise, etc.

The traditional is water, gas and acoustic slag, and now it is water pollution, air pollution, physical pollution, and solid waste pollution.

Pollution sources refer to the sources of pollutants that cause environmental pollution, usually pointing to the places, equipment, devices or human bodies that emit harmful substances or have harmful effects on the environment. According to the attributes, it can be divided into natural pollution sources and man-made pollution sources.

Natural pollution sources refer to places where nature releases harmful substances or causes harmful effects into the environment, such as active volcanoes.

Anthropogenic pollution sources refer to pollution sources formed by human social activities. The latter is the main object of environmental protection research and control.

According to the type of emission pollution, it can be divided into organic pollution sources, inorganic pollution sources, thermal pollution sources, noise pollution sources, radioactive pollution sources and mixed pollution sources that emit multiple pollutants at the same time.

According to the main objects of pollution, it can be divided into air pollution sources, water pollution sources and soil pollution sources.

According to the function of human society, it can be divided into industrial pollution sources, agricultural pollution sources, transportation pollution sources and domestic pollution sources.

Controlling pollution sources is fundamental to preventing and controlling environmental pollution and improving environmental quality.

The harm caused by the high temperature of wastewater is called thermal pollution. The main hazards of thermal pollution are as follows:

1.Due to the increase in water temperature, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water body decreases, and the rate of oxygen transfer from the atmosphere to the water body also slows down. In addition, the increase in water temperature will lead to an increase in the rate of biological oxygen consumption, which will cause the dissolved oxygen in the water body to be depleted more quickly, and the water quality will deteriorate rapidly, resulting in the death of heterochromatic and aquatic organisms due to lack of oxygen.

2.Rising water temperatures will accelerate algae blooms, thereby accelerating the eutrophication process.

3.The increase of water temperature can lead to the acceleration of chemical reactions in the water body, which will change the physical and chemical properties of the water body, such as ion concentration, conductivity and corrosivity, thereby causing corrosion of pipes and containers.

4.Rising water temperatures can accelerate the growth and reproduction of bacteria, increasing the cost of subsequent water treatment.

Thermal pollution is the environmental pollution caused by the waste heat emitted from modern industrial and agricultural production and human life. For example, the hot water discharged from the circulating cooling water of thermal power plants, nuclear power plants, and iron and steel plants, as well as the wastewater discharged from petroleum, chemical, foundry, papermaking and other industries all contain a large amount of waste heat.

Thermal pollution can pollute the atmosphere and water bodies. The increase in waste heat emitted into the atmosphere will lead to global warming, thermal expansion of seawaters, and melting of polar glaciers, which will cause sea levels to rise, and some cities that are already very hot will become hotter. Seriously, it also creates a "heat island effect" in cities. After this waste heat is discharged into lakes and rivers, it will also cause the water temperature to rise, which will affect the growth and development of aquatic organisms, and will also increase the toxicity of cyanide and heavy metal ions.

As a result, the dissolved oxygen in the water is drastically reduced, and aquatic animals and plants such as fish die due to lack of oxygen. Therefore, the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law stipulates that measures shall be taken to ensure that the water temperature of the water body meets the water environmental quality standards and prevent the harm of heat pollution when discharging hot wastewater into a water body.

The human body can tolerate high temperatures within a certain range, and smoothly dissipate the heat by sweating. But if the temperature is too high, it will reduce the normal immune function of the body. In addition, thermal pollution raises temperatures, providing optimal breeding conditions for mosquitoes, flies, cockroaches, fleas and other disease-transmitting insects, as well as pathogens and microorganisms, leading to epidemics of malaria, dengue fever, schistosomiasis, epidemic meningitis and other diseases.

In particular, mosquito-borne infectious diseases are on the rise. This is an indirect effect of heat pollution on human health.

Residents living in cities will feel that the summer months are getting hotter and hotter. The main reason is the "heat island effect" in cities. Urban industries are concentrated and densely populated, and factories, automobiles, air conditioners, home stoves and restaurants consume a lot of energy, releasing a large amount of waste heat into the atmosphere, resulting in an increase in urban temperature.

The huge amount of heat emitted by the city makes the city a warm island surrounded by colder suburban villages, hence the name urban "heat island effect".

The urban "heat island effect" poses a great harm to human health. There are many diseases caused by the "heat island effect", such as digestive diseases, nervous system diseases, respiratory diseases, and so on.

How can we prevent thermal pollution and the "heat island effect"? In fact, the root cause of heat pollution is that energy is not used in the most effective and rational way, so it is a very important measure to improve the utilization rate of industrial heat sources and energy and reduce heat loss and release. In addition, urban greening should be strengthened, trees and grasses should be vigorously planted, and the urban microclimate should be improved by absorbing heat from plants.