Who was the first to start with a squat?

Who was the first to start with a squat? Burke was laughed at for his odd posture when he started with a "crouch", but he set a time of 11.8 seconds in the 100m heats. The success of the track and field world began to adopt the "squatting" starting technique in sprint competitions

Track and field athlete Thomas Burke won the 100-meter race with a time of 12 seconds. Burke used the phrase "crouching....

At the first Athens Olympics in 1896, American track and field athlete Thomas Burke won the 100-meter race championship with a time of 12 seconds. It was his second victory after the 400m.

Half-foot sprint was known as "field running" in ancient times, and it was one of the earliest athletics sports in human history. According to historical records, the only competitive event in the first ancient Olympic Games, held in 776 BC, was sprinting. In the first Olympic Games in 1896, men's sprinting was included as a competition event, with two events, the 100-meter and 400-meter runs, marking the formal establishment of modern sprinting.

The 200-meter event was added to the second Olympic Games. In 1928, the 9th Olympic Games, women's sprinting was also officially included. In the first races, athletes were allowed to start in any position, but the squatting starting position, which is now popular, was introduced in 1887, and the starting point was introduced in 1927.

With the development of sprinting technology and sports equipment, the results of the race have improved rapidly. At the 11th Olympic Games in 1936, for the first time, it was mandatory for runners to start in a squatting position, use runners, and a track was divided, and a relatively robust set of rules was established. In recent years, the IAAF has made some changes to the competition rules in order to increase the intensity and spectacle of sprint competitions.

The new rules stipulate that a player will be disqualified if he commits a foul in a sprint.

Sports venue: The circumference of the field for international sprint competitions is 400 meters, the radius of the curve is about 36 38 meters, there are 6 8 tracks, each wide meters, and the surface of the track is paved with plastic to increase friction.

Race rules: During the race, runners must start in a squatting style and use a starting block, and no rush is allowed; Competitors are not allowed to cross their respective tracks and interfere with each other; When there are a large number of participating athletes, a group elimination round must be conducted first, and finally 8 people will be selected to participate in the finals.

The essentials of the squat start are as follows:

The squatting start consists of three parts: "each in position", "preparation", and "gun" (or "run" command). After hearing the command "each in place", walk or run in front of the starting block, bend your body, support the ground with both hands, put your strong legs in front, and press your feet on the foot board of the starting runner in turn, (taking ordinary style as an example) the front foot is one to one and a half feet away from the starting line.

The back foot is one to one and a half feet away from the front foot, the central axis of the two feet is about 15 cm apart (about one and a half fists), and the back leg kneels; The front foot plate is at an angle of about 45 degrees to the ground, and the rear foot plate is about 65 degrees to the ground. Retract the two hands close to the back edge of the starting line and palm on the ground, the thumbs of both hands are opposite, and the remaining four fingers are close together or slightly separated from the thumbs in a "figure-eight", and the tiger's mouth is forward for elastic support.

The distance between the hands is slightly wider than the shoulder, the arms are straight, and the shoulders are slightly moved over the starting line; Keep your head and torso in a straight line, your neck is naturally relaxed, your eyes look half a meter ahead, and your body weight falls evenly between your hands, front feet and back knees.

1. Squatting starting events

Sprints, sprints and relays in track events must start in a squat style, including the 100m, 200m, 400m, men's 110m hurdles, women's 100m hurdles, 400m hurdles, 4,100m relay and 4,400m relay.

2. Athletes who start in a squatting style.

Following Thomas Burke, Alvin Krenzlein, a famous early American track and field athlete, was also the adopter of the squat start, and at the second 1900 Paris Olympics, he used the squat start that was not favored at the time, and crossed the finish line by a second advantage, winning the first place in the 60-meter race.

When crouching, the angle between the foot and the ground is smaller, and if you use the same push force when starting, the friction between the foot and the ground will be greater than when standing. Thigh force, at this time the strength is concentrated in the legs, after professional training, the starting acceleration is also fast, and the standing type is suitable for novices, and there is no process of conversion from low center of gravity to high center of gravity, suitable for newcomers.

At the 1896 Athens Olympics, American track and field athlete Thomas Burke won the 100-meter race with a time of 12 seconds. It was his second victory after the 400m.

At that time, the starting posture of sprint races can be described as varied, some are upright, some are bent, and some are spread out. Burke was laughed at for his odd stance when he started with a "squat", but he set the event's first modern Olympic record of 11.8 seconds in the 100m heats and went on to win the final. Burke's success led to the widespread adoption of the "crouching" starting technique in sprint races.

High-quality physical education micro-course series "Fast Running - Squatting Start".

The reason for using the squat start is that compared with the standing start, the preparatory position of the squat start has a smaller stability angle in front of it, which makes this steady state easier to break and the human body can gain greater speed.

From a mechanical point of view: the preparatory action of squatting start, the muscles tend to the best pre-tension state, which is the most conducive to instantaneous force, and from the starting angle, it also tends to be the most reasonable pedaling angle after the acceleration after the start Therefore, this is a posture that must be used for the start of sprinting (400 meters and below events, including relays) stipulated by the IAAF, but according to the height of the person, and the proportion of the upper body and lower limbs, to determine whether to use the ordinary or close style, Or the elongated style often used by American male athletes, etc. The most important of these is any starting position, the purpose of which is to create better conditions for the acceleration and mid-course running!

The squatting start includes three movements: "each in position", "preparation" and "running". After hearing the "each in place" command, take a few deep breaths, walk or run to the starting block easily, bend your body, support the ground with both hands, put your strong legs in front, push your feet on the starting gear in turn, and kneel on the ground with your back legs; The hind knee and forefoot arches are in a line, and there is a distance of 10 cm between the hind leg knee and the forefoot arch; The thumbs of both hands are facing each other, the other four fingers are together, the tiger's mouth is forward, the two hands are about shoulder-width apart behind the starting line, the arms are straight, and the shoulders are slightly moved beyond the starting line; The neck is naturally relaxed, the eyes are half a meter ahead, and the "ready" command is listened to. After the preparation command is issued, the back support leg is slightly raised, the hips and shoulders are level or slightly higher than the shoulders, but the back leg should be bent, not straightened, the center of gravity should be appropriately moved forward, and the shoulders are slightly beyond the starting line, at this time the weight mainly falls on the arms and front legs.

Preparation"The posture should be stable, with both feet against the starting gear against the foot board, with a high degree of concentration, two eyes three meters ahead, and pay attention to the sound of gunshots. After the gunshot, the two hands are quickly pushed off the ground, the arms swing quickly, the feet quickly stare off the starting block, so that the body moves forward and upward, and the front legs quickly and forcefully push the hips, knees, and ankles. Lean forward to 10 meters and gradually lift up, and run down quickly.