Chemical Chinese medicine extraction, the most common method of extracting chemical components from

If you want to extract, first look up the literature, that's right. At the beginning, you can check whether this Chinese medicine has been extracted, if someone has already extracted it (of course, the experiment he did may not be extraction, but a certain ingredient is needed, so it must go through the extraction step) you can refer to his extraction method. The first thing is to go to the first Chinese medicine of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia to check whether there is an extraction method in the pharmacopoeia, which is the most standard, and there is no problem with extracting according to the method of the pharmacopoeia.

If it's not in the pharmacopoeia, go to the Internet and search for references.

If no one has ever done this medicine at all, then you need to explore and extract it yourself. But if no one has done it, how do you know the structure of the ingredients?

If you don't have a reference, you can refer to the extraction method of the same class of substances to explore and extract, try the influence of different conditions on the extraction results, and then determine the best extraction process. Of course, what you want to mention must be contained in this Chinese medicine, and you don't know if there are any ingredients you want in this medicine, so don't extract it blindly.

It is really difficult to separate the monomer components, first of all, to grasp the composition of its components and the properties of each component, and then select the appropriate solvent (similar dissolution principle), adopt the appropriate method (extraction, decoction, reflux, percolation, extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, etc.) for extraction, and then after treatment, the separation column (column chromatography), through thin layer chromatography qualitative, determine which is the desired component, close the bottle, subdivide the small column, and then dry or evaporate the solvent, you will get the extract of the desired component.

As for determining whether it is the desired ingredient, thin layer chromatography is preferred, which is simple and fast. If it doesn't work, try infrared, liquid and other phases, and compare it with the standard spectrum. Solving the structure is not what ordinary people can't, it's difficult, you need a professional to help you solve it, and it may cost some money.

In fact, nothing is easy, you have to do it step by step, and try to solve problems when you encounter them, instead of avoiding problems and deceiving yourself. The teachers will help you solve the problem! Therefore, if you do it, you may not succeed, but if you don't do it, you will definitely not succeed.

It takes perseverance and perseverance, and it is necessary to use your brains. No, just ask.

You can figure out which part of the herb you want to extract this ingredient is mainly in, and then choose the best solvent that can dissolve it, select the solvent by polarity and similar functional groups, and then extract that part of the herb separately with the selected single solvent in the Soxhlet extractor. Finally, the solvent is spun dry, passed through the column, and then tried to analyze the sample by infrared method, which may reduce the effort and cost.

Hope it helps.

It is already difficult to extract the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine, and it is even more difficult to extract one of the ingredients. Indeed, as you say, it is like looking for a needle in a haystack. But this is not absolutely the case.

It's still possible if you choose the right route. If the desired ingredient has significantly different properties from other components in the plant (including chemical, physical, and other properties that can be used to isolate it), it is more likely and less costly. In addition, the purity of the desired ingredient is also very important to the cost.

You can do a pre-test to see what it is made of.

1.Once you've looked up its chemical structure and properties, you can design an experimental extraction.

2.Before extracting, you need to make sure that this plant contains this ingredient, and the larger the content, the better.

3.You're right. In many cases, even if the experimental process is well designed, it still cannot be proposed.

4.It is impossible to get a single ingredient even by walking on a very thin column, but it can be as pure as possible. The effluent components should be identified by various means, such as the outflow time, physical and chemical properties, and the most important thing is the detection of nuclear magnetic resonance and other machines.

5.It may be a little more complicated at the first test, but it will be much better after repeating. The cost is relatively high.

There are nine main methods for extracting chemical components from traditional Chinese medicine:

Impregnation method, infiltration method, decoction method, reflux extraction method, continuous reflux extraction method, water vapor method, sublimation method, ultrasonic extraction method and supercritical extraction method.

1.Impregnation.

Conditions: Room temperature or lukewarm (60-80).

Suitable ingredients: the extraction of traditional Chinese medicine with unstable active ingredients in heat or containing a large amount of starch, gum, pectin and mucilage.

Disadvantages: low paste yield, when water is solvent, its extract is easy to mold and deteriorate.

2.Infiltration method.

Method: Fresh leaching solvent was continuously added to the crushed Chinese herbal medicine, so that it could penetrate through the medicinal material, and the leaching solution flowed out from the outlet of the lower end of the infiltration cylinder.

Features: Large amount of solvent consumed, time-consuming, and troublesome operation.

Advantages of membrane separation equipment for the extraction of chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine:

1. High efficiency: due to the selectivity of the membrane, it can selectively pass through some substances and block the passage of others. By choosing the right membrane, you can effectively separate, purify and concentrate the substances.

2. Energy saving: most membrane separation processes are operated at room temperature, and the separated substances do not undergo phase change, which is a low-energy-consumption, low-cost unit operation.

3. The process is simple, easy to operate and control.

4. Do not pollute the environment.

Extraction method of chemical intellectual property:

1. Filtration and separation of liquid and solid mixed brother fierce front mixture.

2. Cooling crystallization, the concentration of solid substances in aqueous solution is high and the solubility changes significantly with temperature.

3. Evaporation crystallization.

4. Distillation (fractionation) condensation method.

Chemistry is a natural science that studies the properties, composition, structure, changes, uses, preparation methods, and changes of substances. Chemistry is closely related to industry, agriculture, daily life, medicine, materials, etc.