The author of The Three Dynasties of the Qin and Han Dynasties and the Six Dynasties of the Whole L

Qing Dynasty Yan Kejun.

Yan Kejun (1762-1843) was a Qing philologist and bibliophile. The word Jingwen, the number of iron bridges. A native of Wucheng (now Wuxing, Zhejiang).

In the fifth year of Jiaqing (1800), he raised people, and the official Jiande taught him, and he returned with resignation. Carefully studied and studied, he once worked with Yao Wentian to govern "Shuowen", and wrote 45 volumes of "Shuowen Long Edition", including astronomy, arithmetic, geography, plants and trees, birds and beasts, etc. Another edition of Zhong Dingtuo's book is 15 articles of "Shuo Wen Yi Shuo"; With Ding Rong, he governed the Tang Dynasty "Stone Classic", wrote 10 volumes of "School Text", and studied the Han, Wei, Tang, and Song Dynasty Shijing and Qiu School deeply.

In the thirteenth year of Jiaqing (1808), the edict opened the "All Tang Dynasty Museum", because he had resigned and returned to the field, he had no opportunity to participate in this matter, and sighed: "Tang Zhiwen, prosperous!" Tang used to have a general collection, and it was Yu's responsibility to have a big matter.

So he sent an angry compilation of "The Three Dynasties of the Qin and Han Dynasties and the Six Dynasties of the Qin and Han Dynasties", so that it was connected with the "All Tang Texts". More than 3,000 books were collected, and each person added a small biography, which is enough to verify the history and literature. The text is all over the group book, word by word, all of which are revised.

The pre-Tang documents are all gathered here, which has made important contributions to the preservation and dissemination of pre-Tang ancient documents. There are 10 kinds of scriptures, Yi notes and Yizi books, and the combination of scriptures, histories, sub-books and collections is "Silutang Cluster", more than 1206 volumes. In order to write, he did not hesitate to buy books, traveled all over the world, south to Lingnan, north out of the wall, and encountered rare books, he would write or buy them with funds, and the collection of books reached more than 20,000 volumes.

He also checked the bibliography of the collections of various families at that time, such as "Shishantang Bibliography", "Tianyi Pavilion Bibliography", "Wanjuanlou Bibliography", "Shixue Building Bibliography", "Chuanshilou Bibliography", etc., as well as stone carvings and Shidao Collections. It was once said that Huang Pilie gathered more books in the Song Dynasty, although he had been friends with him for a long time, but the Song version of the book still could not be obtained. Exclaimed:

It is sufficient to write a school song. He is the author of "Speaking Texts", "Speaking Texts and Proofreadings", "Iron Bridge Comics" and so on.

"Acknowledgment of the Book of Chinese Books" is selected from "The Three Dynasties of the Qin and Han Dynasties and the Six Dynasties of the Whole Liang Dynasty", the author (Tao Hongjing), a native of the (Southern) Dynasty, "book" is an epistle, which is a (applied style).

The Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties in this set of books is actually a general reference, and this set of books itself is from antiquity to before the Tang Dynasty, including a part of the literary collection of the pre-Tang Dynasty. "The Three Dynasties of Ancient Times", "The Whole Qin Text", "The Whole Han Text", "The Whole Later Han Text", "The Whole Three Kingdoms Text", "The Whole Jin Text", "The Whole Song Text", "The Whole Qi Text", "The Whole Liang Text", "The Whole Chen Text", "The Whole Later Wei Text", "The Whole Northern Qi Text", "The Whole Later Zhou Text", "The Whole Sui Text", "The First Tang Text".

The Three Kingdoms in history refer to the three Dingli states after the Eastern Han Dynasty: Cao Wei in the north, Shu Han in the southwest, and Eastern Wu in the southeast; The Six Dynasties refer to the Six Dynasties of the Three Kingdoms Wu (or Eastern Wu, Sun Wu), the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Southern Song Dynasty (or Liu Song), the Southern Qi Dynasty (or Xiao Qi), the Southern Liang Dynasty, and the Southern Chen Dynasty. This period of time was a period of great development of literature, and many famous works that left their names in history appeared.

The Three Kingdoms refer to the Wei State established by Cao Pi in northern China after the Eastern Han Dynasty was dedicated to the emperor, the Shu Han State established by Liu Bei of Bashu in the southwest, and the Wu State established by Sun Quan in the Jiangdong region; The Six Dynasties refer to the state of Wu that established its capital in the Jiangdong region of the Three Kingdoms, the Jin dynasty that replaced the Wei state, and the Song, Qi, Liang, and Chen dynasties established successively by the Han people in the south in the Jiangdong region. Call it the Six Dynasties.

The Six Dynasties refer to the regimes established in the Middle Ages in the south of the Yangtze River, mainly in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and they are: Wu, Eastern Jin, Song, Qi, Liang, and Chen during the Three Kingdoms period.

Song, Qi, Liang, and Chen are collectively known as the Southern Dynasties.

The collection of prose of the Tong Dynasty includes 746 volumes of "The Three Dynasties of the Qin and Han Dynasties of the Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties of the Qin and Han Dynasties" edited by Yan Kejun of the Qing Dynasty. The book includes a single prose from ancient times to the Sui Dynasty, with a total of 3,497 authors, all of whom have biographies except for anonymous authors. The whole book is compiled according to the dynasties, and is divided into the three dynasties of ancient times, the Qin language, the Han language, the Later Han language, the Three Kingdoms language, the Jin language, the Song Dynasty, the Qi language, the Liang language, the Qin language, the Later Wei language, the Northern Qi language, the Zhou language, the Sui language, and then the prose collection of the Ming Dynasty as the "pre-Tang language", a total of 15 episodes.

The characteristics of this book are "complete", and the collection is quite extensive, and most of the single essays before the Tang Dynasty have been collected in this book. The advantage of the book is that the source of the articles is indicated one by one, so that readers can easily check it.

Translation: Since Xie Lingyun of the Southern Dynasty, there has been no one who has been able to enjoy this wonderful scenery.

Original text: The beauty of mountains and rivers has been talked about since ancient times. The peak enters the clouds, and the clear stream bottoms out.

The stone walls on both sides of the strait are full of colors. Green forests and green bamboos, ready at all times. The dawn fog will stop, and the apes and birds will chirp; The sunset is declining, and the scales are racing.

It is really the immortal capital of the desire world. Since the beginning of recreation, there has been no one who can be strange.

Vernacular translation: The beauty of the scenery of mountains and rivers has been admired by people since ancient times. Towering mountain peaks plunge into the clouds, and clear streams are crystal clear. The stone walls on both sides of the river are colorful and reflect each other. Verdant forests, verdant bamboo bushes, all year round.

When the morning mist was about to dissipate, the chirping of apes and birds was heard; As the sun is about to set, the fish swimming in the water compete to jump out of the water. (Here) it's really a fairyland on earth. Since Xie Lingyun of the Southern Dynasty, there has been no one who has been able to appreciate this wonderful scenery.

This article is from Tao Hongjing's "Acknowledgment of Chinese Books" in the Southern Dynasty

Writing background: "Acknowledgment of the Book of Chinese Books" was written by Tao Hongjingjun after appreciating the mountains and forests and purifying his soul. Xie Zhongshu (Xie Wei) and Tao Hongjing both died in the second year of Datong (536) of Emperor Wu of Liang in the Southern Dynasty. Xie Wei's posterior limit to the Zhongshusheren was the seventh year of Liang Pingren (526), and the fourth year of Ren Zhongshulang in Liangzhong Datong (532), both after Tao Hongjing was seventy years old.

Therefore, this article should be regarded as Tao Hongjing's work in his later years.

Looking at the whole text, the language is concise. Every word is an important part of the article, and one less word will be out of context, and one more word will add to it. A scene, just four words, is properly depicted and relished.

Clear, clear, one heartfelt word, no more, no less. "The sunset is declining", it is inevitable. "Sinking scales and leaping", the change is sudden. The analysis of the structure of the article is also ingenious, messy but not chaotic, and the combination is orderly.

Acknowledgment of the Chinese Book of Books" reflects the author's lofty thoughts of entertaining landscapes. The Northern and Southern Dynasties were the darkest period in Chinese history, because the contradictions were very acute and the political situation was extremely turbulent, so many literati often retreated to the mountains and forests, in order to seek spiritual comfort and liberation from the beauty of nature, so they often described the mountains and rivers in their letters.

Although this kind of work does not show much positive and progressive political views, it creates a literary masterpiece with considerable aesthetic value with its superb artistic strokes, which still have a high appreciation value today.

About author:Tao Hongjing was a Taoist thinker, pharmacist, alchemist, and writer in the Qi and Liang dynasties of the Southern Dynasties. He is known as the "Prime Minister of the Mountains". Liang Shi Danyang Moling (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) people.

Born in a famous family in Koto. Zu Taolong, in the Southern Song Dynasty Song Dynasty served Emperor Xiaowu in the conquest of meritorious service, and was named the Marquis of An. Father Tao Zhenbao, deep antidote, Bo Shizi history, official to Jiangxia filial piety and Changxiang.

Mr. Zhenbai. There is "Tao Hermitage Collection".

Since Xie Kangle of the Southern Dynasty, there has been no one who can enjoy this wonderful scenery.

1 Excerpt from Dongpo Zhilin (Zhonghua Book Company, 1981), vol. 1. This article was written during the author's demotion to Huangzhou. Chengtian Temple, in the south of Huanggang, Hubei.

2 [6th year of Yuanfeng] 1083 A.D. Yuanfeng, the year name of Song Shenzong. 3 The one who thinks of nothing and the one who has no pleasure to talk to.

Read, consider, think. 4 [Zhang Huaimin] The author's friend was also demoted to Huangzhou at that time. 5 [Together] Together, together.

6 [Atrium] Courtyard. 7 [Kongming] describes the clarity of water. 8 [Algae and xing] are both aquatic plants.

9 [But few idlers] It's just that there is a lack of idle people. But, just. Idlers, idle people.