protel99 to make PCB scale problems

In this state, some elements are placed in the upper right corner, if it is a component or other elements that can be moved separately, you can use the shortcut key so, and then select your board, so that you can select elements other than the board, and then cooperate with the shortcut key ms to move the selected element. Pay attention to the selection of moving points, the PCB diagram is in the lower left corner, indicating that some elements are in the upper right corner, so the moving points should be in the upper right corner.

If you only have the designator or parameter of the component, and you can't use the selection and move method, you can use the global function of the component to move the tag and parameter of the component to the periphery of the component.

The above two methods are very practical.

You can click on the fit board in the view in the PCB file after opening, but there is no guarantee that the next time you open it is also the best scale, you can try, so the operation is also very convenient, that is, open the PCB file, press the shortcut key vf and it's OK.

There are usually two possibilities that I encounter:

1. A certain component (some) components did not choose a good reference point when designing the package.

2. There is a device or text outside the area 》Check whether there is a device number or description that exists outside the area.

Let's find it, when I used to use mentor design, there was a key, and when I clicked it, it was directly displayed in full screen.

Don't have anything outside the PCB border.

This phenomenon will often occur for beginners, and the normal way is to create a new PCB file, double-click to open the PCB file, do not zoom in or out, set rules, etc., that is, do nothing. Load the PCB library first, if it's already installed, then load the netlist, then look at the whole picture, and all the components will be loaded.

Next, set the relevant parameters and so on.

Also, after modifying the schematic, don't use the method of updating the PCB. Instead, in the schematic, recreate the netlist, go to the PCB file, and load the netlist as if it were the first time you loaded the netlist.

Here's how your current situation is handled:

Click Menu - Select - All, if it is in English, check the corresponding operation.

At this point, the visible component will be selected and turn white, find any component, hold down and pull it to the middle of the drawing, so that all the components will be pulled out. There may be some components that do not have flying wires and need to be loaded with a netlist again, so that the components that are missing will have flying leads. Next, let's move on to the component layout, set various rules, and so on.

Remove the problematic component from the schematic and update the PCB board; Restore the schematic diagram and update the PCB board again.

The creepage distance between voltages of 24V is less than the minimum distance between wires required for PCB board fabrication. So there is no need to consider the minimum distance between 24V and the ground.

The above is recommended between single-panel lines and lines.

Double-sided is recommended above.

Minimum requirements for general PCB factory

Line width and line spacing: 4 4mil

Wire to copper: 5mil or more.

Pad to Pad: 4 4mil

via hole edge to line; 8mil

Holes for different nets, edge to edge: 12mil

Holes in the same network, edge to edge: 5mil

The maximum voltage of your board is 24V, that is, low voltage and low current, so there are not many requirements for wiring, just follow the convention: 5mil is enough for the wiring spacing, and 4mil is enough for the line width. When processing, the copper foil will complete the thickness requirement of 35um is enough, if it is a large current, it is considered to increase the widening line width and spacing and copper thickness.

1.Just use the general scribing tool to draw, in the toolbar is the symbol that has been deformed, and the menu is the place line.

As for questions about the DRC, you can try it yourself and see if you can check it out. This is very important for those who are engaged in engineering. Many.

Hands-on, in order to improve quickly.

2.If you want to draw holes, you can use the mechanical1 layer without any problem. But in our actual work, we often use the keepout layer, which is convenient and does not need to change layers. The hole is to be dug out, and of course wiring is also prohibited in the hole, so there is no contradiction. In practice, this kind of asking.

You can communicate more with the engineering staff of the PCB manufacturer, and I believe you will make progress quickly. As mentioned below, the double-sided side, the pad of the pin component, the engineer of the manufacturing side always requires us to have pads on both sides, and he really only wants to have pads on one side, and he requires that the other side of this pad must have a pad that is larger than the solder hole.

3.No one tells you to put components on the top layer and run the cables on the top layer. You're right, you can put components on each side, but it is recommended that when you start learning, assuming that you use a single side, you can put the pin components on the bottom layer and the SMD components on the top layer, so that you can understand very well, the pad should be on the top layer, and the copper film traces are also drawn on the top layer.

The top layer is visible to us, so it's more intuitive and easy to draw. Be sure to pay attention to the component package (pin arrangement). If there are many components, single-sided wiring may not work, you can use double-sided boards, it is generally recommended to still follow the method mentioned above, the pin components are placed on the bottom layer, and the SMD components are placed on the top layer, mainly in the top layer of wiring, if they are blocked by other wiring, they will go through the hole to the bottom layer, cross the blocking line from below, and then return to the top layer through the hole, and continue to walk towards the target.

In fact, after proficiency, it doesn't matter which side the components are placed on or where they are routed, as long as the correct PCB can be manufactured, there is no regulation.

Finally, I wish you a speedy success!

1 Use a normal line drawing tool.

2 Generally placed on the mechanical layer.

3 Of course, 2 layers are OK, the components have patches and plug-ins, if you put them on the top layer, the SMD pads are of course on the top layer, if you want to route the wires at the bottom layer, you can place vias. The plug-in has pads on both the top and bottom layers of the component, so either layer can be routed.

You can make unified changes using the global modification function.

For example, the footprint of the resistor in the schematic is changed from all.

Double-click any resistor component, click [Global] in the pop-up Part Properties dialog box, enter the condition A* after Footprint in the pop-up Global Modification dialog box, enter 4=2 in the following dialog box, click [OK], and select [Yes] in the pop-up dialog box. a* here refers to all strings with wrappers that start with a, and 4=2 denotes that all 4 of these wrappers are replaced with 2.