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The common acid-base salt chemical formulas in junior high school are HCl hydrochloride, H2SO4 sulfuric acid, and HNO3 nitrate

Potassium hydroxide KOH, barium hydroxide BA(OH)2

Copper hydroxide Cu(OH)2

Potassium chloride KCL, sodium chloride NaCl, copper chloride CuCl2, etc. Compounds that produce cations that are all hydrogen ions (H+) during ionization are called acids, or they are dissolved in water and can release protons to form H3

The substance of O+ (hydronium ion) is also an acid.

HCl hydrochloride, H2 sulfate

SO4, H2 carbonate

CO3, Hno3 nitrate

Sulfurous acid H2SO3, phosphoric acid H3

PO4, acetic acid (acetic acid) CH3

COOH et al.

In the acid-base ionization theory, alkali refers to the fact that all the anions ionized in the aqueous solution are oh-; In acid-base proton theory, a base refers to a substance that can accept protons; In acid-base electron theory, a base refers to an electron donor.

Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2

Sodium hydroxide Naoh, ammonia NH3

H2O, potassium hydroxide KOH, barium hydroxide Ba(OH)2, copper hydroxide Cu(OH)2

Magnesium hydroxide mg(OH)2

Ferrous hydroxide Fe(OH)2

Iron hydroxide Fe(OH)3

Aluminium hydroxide Al(OH)3

Salts refer to a class of metal ions or ammonium ions (NH4

Compounds that bind to acid ions or non-metal ions.

Silver AgCl, Potassium Chloride KCL, Sodium Chloride NaCl, Copper Chloride CuCl2, Magnesium Chloride MgCl2

Calcium chloride CaCl2

Zinc chloride ZnCl2

Barium chloride bacl2

Ferrous chloride FeCl2

Ferric chloride FeCl3

Aluminium chloride AlCl3

Cobalt chloride CoCl3

Sodium sulfate Na2

SO4, potassium sulfate, K2SO4, etc.

The simplest can be divided into three steps, first, to determine the positive value ions, only hydrogen is an acid. Secondly, judging the negative valence ions, only the hydroxide group is the base. Salt is excluded from both cases.

It is worth mentioning that if the salt contains hydrogen ions (H+) it is an acid salt, such as NaHSO4 and contains hydroxide (OH-) is a basic salt, such as Cu2(OH)2CO3.

Acids in junior high school chemistry basically only involve three categories: HCl, H2SO4, and HNO3.

Acids: composed of h (hydrogen ions) and acid ions (eg. so4cl-no3-

etc.).

Alkali: Composed of ions of the genus Jinzi (eg. mg

Na+Ca2+) and OH- (hydroxide ion).

Salts: made up of metal ions (eg. mg

na+ca2+) and the Queen.

Acid ions (such as. so4

cl-no3-

etc.).