The use of biogas in biogas projects and related technologies

In response to the national new energy policy, our company has established a biogas production branch. It is mainly engaged in the site selection, design, operation and maintenance of biogas digesters. Company**:

Let me answer your questions below, and I hope that other colleagues will point out if there is anything inappropriate.

1.The largest investment in household biogas (small) is the fermenter, and the materials used to make the fermenter are: enamel steel plate products, Lip products and concrete technology, and the current general pool is still a concrete pool.

For a family of 4, it is enough to build an 8-square-meter pool. The total investment of the project is 3,000 yuan is enough, and now the pond is built, the state has subsidies, one-third of the state funding, one-third of the local ** funding, one-third of the farmers themselves, and the situation is slightly different in different regions.

2.The household concrete tank basically does not need any equipment, you already have the tank, you can add a submersible sewage pump to discharge the digest and biogas slurry in the fermenter. There are also gas pipelines, biogas appliances and the like, depending on how you arrange them.

3 There are many factors that determine whether the gas production of a household biogas digester is stable. It is mainly determined by the amount of input material, temperature and reaction time. As the material reacts in the pool, the gas production will gradually increase and then gradually decrease, and when the gas consumption is insufficient, you can re-add the material.

Household biogas is generally used for lighting and cooking, and special biogas is needed, etc., and there are many biogas appliances on the market now, such as biogas rice cookers and biogas water heaters. The use of biogas will be gradually expanded.

4 The use of biogas has been mentioned above, the heat production of biogas is similar to that of natural gas, and 1 square meter of biogas is enough for a family of four to use for a day's basic life.

5. There are many experts who have studied the compression of biogas into a liquefied state layer, and the conclusions obtained are basically the same, which is immature in the current situation.

6 Biogas itself is a mixture of gases, methane content generally accounts for 60%-70%, carbon dioxide content accounts for about 30%-40%, and there are some other gases. The methane content of household concrete pools is generally about 65%.

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(1) If simple manure is used as raw material for biogas fermentation, the start of the biogas digester is relatively simple, as long as there is a sufficient amount of inoculum, and the amount of inoculum generally accounts for 15% and 30% of the fermentation liquid. The liquid can be directly taken from the discharge room of the fermentation tank that is running. The sludge from the bottom of the pond, the sediment at the bottom of the manure pit, and the sludge from the city sewage can also be used as inoculum for enrichment and culture, and gradually expand until a large number of inoculated microorganisms are produced.

The total solid content of the fermentation raw materials is about 6%, which is generally simply calculated as putting in 1 part of manure and 3 parts of water, and the total amount of feeding reaches 85% of the volume of the biogas digester, and the movable cover of the biogas digester can be sealed, and when the pressure difference of the water column of the biogas pressure gauge reaches more than 40 cm, all the gas will be discharged. At this time, the biogas cannot be ignited because the air in the gas chamber of the biogas digester is not discharged. When the biogas pressure rises again, with the increase of methane content in the gas, the biogas can be ignited and used, which can be used in 2 to 4 days under normal circumstances.

2) When starting with straw as the main fermentation raw material, first spread the air-dried short or crushed crop straw on the open space next to the biogas digester, with a thickness of about 30 cm, and splash the mixed manure raw materials, inoculum and an appropriate amount of water (the water consumption should be wetted and not flowing, and generally not more than 1 3 of the total water added, and within this dosage range, it should be less in winter). When mixing, it is required to mix well while splashing, and the operation should be fast to avoid the loss of fecal liquid and water. There is no condition to mix into the pool where you can use the method of layered feeding, layered inoculation, first add a layer of straw and then add a layer of manure and inoculum, each layer should not be too thick and should be compacted layer by layer.

After the pile, it is covered with plastic film and piled up, generally 2 to 3 days in summer and 5 to 8 days in winter. The volume of the straw after the pile is reduced to facilitate fermentation in the pond, and the fermentation bacteria multiply in large numbers during the pile process, and the temperature rise can reach up to 60. Stacking can also be carried out in the biogas digester, after the temperature rises to 40 60, you can add water to adjust the pH, if the pH is lower than 6, you can add an appropriate amount of plant ash, lime water to adjust the pH to 7, you can cover the movable cover to seal the pool, and the gas can be deflated and ignited on the biogas stove after 2 or 3 days of sealing the pool.

<> biogas can be used to generate electricity or burn boilers. When using biogas to generate electricity, 1 cubic meter of biogas can generate electricity, and the total daily power generation is about 3580 kWh; When using the first biogas boiler, 1 cubic meter of biogas is equivalent to 1 kilogram of standard coal, and each ton of coal is calculated at 600 yuan, which is equivalent to 1432 yuan per day.

1 Pinyin 2 Annotations.

zhǎo qì

Biogas is a flammable gas produced by the action (fermentation) of some organic substances (such as straw, weeds, leaves, human and animal manure and other wastes) under certain temperature, humidity and acidity conditions, isolating the air (such as using a biogas digester). Biogas is a mixture of gases containing methane 60 70, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen and carbon monoxide. It contains a small amount of hydrogen sulfide, so it has a slight odor.

Fermentation is a complex biochemical change with many microorganisms involved. The reaction is broadly divided into two stages:

1) Microorganisms degrade sugars, fats, and proteins in complex organic substances into simple substances, such as lower fatty acids, alcohols, aldehydes, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen, and hydrogen sulfide.

2) By the action of methane bacteria, some simple substances are turned into methane.

In order to produce biogas normally, it is necessary to create good conditions for microorganisms to survive and reproduce. A biogas digester must meet a variety of conditions. First of all, the biogas digester should be closed in spring.

The fermentation of organic matter into biogas is the result of the activity of a variety of anaerobic bacteria, so it is necessary to create an anaerobic environment for anaerobic activities. When building the swamp Zen gas pool, it is necessary to pay attention to isolating the air, not breathable, and not seeping. Secondly, 20 40 °C should be maintained in the digester, as it is at this temperature that gas production is usually at its highest.

Third, the biogas digester should have sufficient nutrients. For microorganisms to survive and reproduce, they must absorb nutrients from fermented materials. In the fermentation raw materials of biogas digesters, human and animal manure can provide nitrogen, and cellulose such as crop straw can provide carbon.

Fourth, the fermentation raw materials should contain an appropriate amount of water, and the fermentation raw materials of the biogas digester are generally required to contain about 80 water, and too much or too little is not conducive to gas production. Fifth, the pH value of the biogas digester is generally controlled at 7.

<> can be civilized, power generation, purification, etc., and the quality requirements are shown in the above table.

<> normal operation, biogas has no impact on the environment. Attention should be paid to the use of biogas: before using biogas, the gas source should be connected first, and each joint should be fastened; Light the ignition first, and then slowly twist the switch to prevent too much biogas from being released; Biogas lamps, stoves and gas pipes should not be placed near flammable materials; If you smell rotten eggs indoors, open doors and windows quickly to ventilate; It is forbidden to ignite and test the gas at the gas pipeline mouth and discharge port of the biogas digester; In the event of a fire, immediately turn off the gas supply.

1. Does biogas pollute the environment?

1. The main component of biogas is methane, and there are no mosquitoes and flies around the biogas digester under normal operation, and it can also improve the environment, so it generally has no impact on the environment.

2. What should be paid attention to when using biogas:

1) Before using biogas, the gas source should be connected, and each joint should be fastened, and soapy water can be used to check whether there is air leakage at each joint.

2) When using biogas, you should first ignite the ignition and then slowly twist the switch to prevent too much biogas from being released, burning the body or causing disasters.

3) Biogas lamps, stoves and gas pipes should not be close to flammable materials to prevent fire, and in the event of a fire, immediately close and cut off the gas source.

4) If you smell rotten eggs indoors, quickly open the doors and windows to ventilate, or use a blast to expel the biogas outside.

5) It is forbidden to ignite and test the gas at the air guide pipe mouth and discharge port of the biogas digester to prevent backfire and damage to the biogas digester.

2. The benefits of establishing biogas digesters in ecological agriculture

1. The establishment of a biogas digester can use livestock manure to produce biogas, and the biogas obtained from it can be used for processing non-staple food and heating, and can also replace liquefied gas and gas.

2. The establishment of a biogas digester can purify the environment and create a hygienic production environment and living environment.

3. Biogas slurry is a high-quality organic fertilizer, which can provide fertilizer for vegetables, grains and other crops, and after biological treatment, biogas slurry can be converted into breeding feed, which is a high-quality feed for fish and other special aquatic products.

4. The establishment of a biogas digester can also reduce production costs and improve economic benefits, which can be used in daily life and agricultural production.