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American Truman Doctrine.
On March 5, 1946, former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill delivered the "Iron Curtain Speech" in Fulton, USA, officially opening the Cold War. On March 12, 1947, the Truman Doctrine of the United States was promulgated, marking the beginning of the Cold War. The establishment of the Warsaw Pact in 1955 marked the formation of a bipolar pattern.
The dissolution of the Warsaw Pact in 1991 and the subsequent collapse of the Soviet Union marked the failure of the Soviet model, marking the end of the Cold War and the end of the bipolar pattern, for a total of 44 years. The United States has become the world's only superpower, and the world pattern has changed to "one superpower, many powers" in the process of world multipolarization.
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Churchill delivered the "Iron Curtain" speech, and the prelude to the Cold War began.
The Truman Doctrine marked the official beginning of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union.
On March 5, 1946, former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, accompanied by Truman, delivered a speech on the "Iron Curtain" in Fulton, USA, which opened the prelude to the "Cold War". After that, Britain, unable to continue to provide assistance to Greece in suppressing the Greek people's revolutionary armed forces, informed the United States on February 21, 1947 that Britain would stop providing military and economic assistance to Greece and Turkey at the end of March, hoping that the United States would fill the "vacuum" left by its retreat. This expression by Britain provided an opportunity for the United States to expand its power and implement a policy of "containing" the Soviet Union with strength.
On March 12, 1947, Truman read a message to a joint session of the two houses of Congress, attacking the Soviet Union as a totalitarian state and asking Congress to approve $400 million in emergency aid to Greece and Turkey to resist the abuses imposed on them by the totalitarian regime.
This policy, proposed by Truman, came to be known as the "Truman Doctrine." It was a major turning point in U.S. foreign policy. In the past, the United States called the Soviet Union an ally, but it only attacked the Soviet Union on some specific issues.
Now Truman openly declared the USSR the main enemy of the United States. The "Truman Doctrine" was an important symbol of the official beginning of the "Cold War" between the United States and the Soviet Union.
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The beginning: the formulation of the Truman Doctrine.
Cold War": All hostile activities by Western countries led by the United States against socialist countries led by the Soviet Union except for direct armed attack, including containment, blockade, subversion, slander, incitement and a series of tense confrontations. It is generally believed that the Cold War period began in 1947 when Truman delivered his State of the Union address (the introduction of the Truman Doctrine) with the main purpose of containing the Soviet Union
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The beginning of the Cold War was marked by the introduction of the "Truman Doctrine."
Second world war.
After the end, the United States began to seek world hegemony. On March 12, 1947, Truman, then the U.S. **, in his message to Congress on aid to Greece and Turkey, proposed to "contain communism."
As the guiding ideology of the country's political ideology and foreign policy. This latter guiding ideology is known as the Truman Doctrine.
The Truman Doctrine was a major turning point in America's foreign policy. It is related to the Marshall Plan.
Together, they formed the basis of U.S. foreign policy, and the Soviet Union saw the Truman Doctrine as an area of Soviet control by the United States and Soviet Russia.
An open threat to expansion. It marked the official beginning of the "Cold War" between the United States and the Soviet Union from wartime allies to postwar enemy countries.
Background to the event. After World War II, Germany, Italy, and Japan were hit hard, and the power of Britain and France was seriously weakened, but the United States relied on the strong economic and military strength developed in the war to develop capitalism.
The world has achieved dominance. On February 21, 1947, the British sent a note to the United States***.
It is hoped that the United States will provide economic and military assistance to Greece and Turkey.
Greece and Turkey choke the eastern Mediterranean.
It is located at the confluence point of international transportation arteries and has an important strategic position, especially the Black Sea Strait, which is the gateway of the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, and has always been a place for great powers. The competition between the United States and the Soviet Union in this region was extremely fierce. After 1945, the United States fully supported Turkey, and its influence in the strait area expanded.
After the war, the people's armed forces of Greece flourished and continued to achieve victories, and Greece was in a state of turmoil. In this context, Greece made a request to Britain to step up its assistance. But Britain is already struggling to clean up the situation in Greece.
On February 21, 1947, Britain sent a note to the United States, asking the United States to take up the burden of providing comprehensive assistance to Greece and Turkey.
The Greek-Turkish crisis "not only provided the United States with the possibility of replacing Britain and seizing control of the eastern Mediterranean, but also provided an opportunity for the United States to put forward a program of global expansion and throw out the Cold War policy."
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The beginning of the Cold War was marked by the Truman Doctrine
On March 5, 1946, former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill delivered the "Iron Curtain Speech" in Fulton, USA, officially opening the Cold War. On March 12, 1947, the Truman Doctrine of the United States was promulgated, marking the beginning of the Cold War.
The Truman Doctrine was widely seen as a new noisy and drastic shift in American foreign policy, and the Soviet Union saw the Truman Doctrine as an open threat to Soviet control and Russian expansion.
The main manifestations of the Cold War
The Cold War was mainly manifested in a confrontation between the two major military blocs headed by the United States and the Soviet Union. The rivalry between the two superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, is the main source of the world's long-term unrest. The strength of the two major military blocs is equal, and neither of them dares to easily use force to end the struggle for world hegemony between the other and the other.
Both countries have stockpiled large numbers of nuclear warheads, mutually assured of destruction. After the end of the Cold War, and the hardships of the First and Second World Wars that preceded it, the peoples of the world longed for peace and opposed war.
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