Applications of monoclonal antibodies, what is monoclonal antibody technology?

Monoclonal antibody, because it is formed by hybridization of tumor cells and B cells, has the characteristics of infinite proliferation of tumor cells, and can secrete antibodies.

The production of drugs can effectively reduce the time It is simple to operate, and the amount of monoclonal antibodies is high in purity.

Making hybridoma cells:

Cloned cells can be cultured in vitro in large quantities and supernatants can be collected to obtain a large number of single cloned antibodies. However, in vitro culture methods produce limited monoclonal antibodies, which cannot exceed a specific cell concentration, and the culture medium needs to be changed daily. In vivo hybridoma cell multiplication can overcome these limitations.

Hybridoma cells have the genetic characteristics of tumor cells derived from parental lymphocytes. For example, hybridoma cells begin to multiply indefinitely until the host dies if inoculated with histocompatible syngeneic mice or mice that do not reject hybridomas (nude mice without thymus). The ascites fluid and serum of tumors-producing mice contain a large number of monoclonal antibodies secreted by hybridoma cells, which tend to be 100 to 1000 times more titer than the supernatant of cultured cells.

Monoclonal antibodies are highly homogeneous produced from single B cell clones.

1. Antibodies that only target a specific epitope. Hybridoma antibody technology is based on cell fusion technology, which fuses sensitized B cells with the ability to secrete specific antibodies and myeloma cells with infinite reproduction ability to form a B-cell hybridoma.

By culturing a population of single hybridoma cells with this property, specific antibodies against one epitope can be produced, known as monoclonal antibodies.

Monoclonal antibodies are produced from artificially prepared hybridoma cells, which are formed by the fusion of an antigen-activated B cell with a myeloma cell. Advantages of monoclonal antibodies: high purity, high sensitivity, strong specificity, less cross-reactivity, and low cost of preparation.

Disadvantages: There are certain technical requirements, and it is easy to lose epitopes through chemical processing of antigens.

Monoclonal antibodies are highly homogeneous produced from single B cell clones.

1. Antibodies that only target a specific epitope.

1. The host animal for the preparation of monoclonal antibody is generally Balb C mice, and the application range of mouse monoclonal antibody is quite extensive, and some domestic and foreign companies have developed rabbit monoclonal antibody preparation technology.

2. Monoclonal antibody is an important ligand in affinity chromatography, and the recognition of antigen by monoclonal antibody is very different from that of polyclonal antibody. Different kits use different monoclonal antibodies and different sites to recognize antigens, resulting in some differences in detection results.

Monoclonal antibodies refer to the fusion of specific effector T cells with mouse myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells, which can persist for a long time and synthesize specific antibodies.

Function 1: Test medical diagnostic reagents.

2 Purification of proteins.

3 Tumor guidance** and radioimmunoimaging techniques.

Answer]: Monoclonal antibody technology is a technology established by British scientists in 1975 by fusing antibody-producing lymphocytes with tumor cells. It is a fusion of lymphocytes that can produce antibodies and tumor cells that multiply indefinitely to obtain cells that can produce antibodies and multiply indefinitely.

The process is as follows: an antigen is injected into the mouse to obtain B lymphocytes from its spleen that produce the corresponding antibody; Sendai virus or polyethylene glycol was used to induce B lymphocytes to fuse with mouse myeloma cells, and hybridoma cells were screened out. Hybridoma cells were screened in selective medium, and fine hole void cells that produced certain antibodies were selected from hybridoma cells. Select cells will be cultured at scale or injected into mice intraperitoneally for proliferation (in vivo medium); Extract large quantities of monoclonal antibodies from cell culture medium or mouse ascites fluid. The significance of monoclonal antibody technology is that monoclonal antibodies with strong specificity, high purity and good uniformity can be prepared from impure antigen molecules.

Applications of Monoclonal Antibodies: Medical Diagnostics; purification of antigenic proteins; Tumor guidance** and radioimmunoimaging techniques.