What are the intangible cultural heritages that are both foreign and Chinese?

The foreign world heritage sites are: 1. Memphis and its necropolis and pyramids (Egypt, selected as a cultural heritage in 1979) 2. Taj Mahal.

India, selected as a cultural heritage in 1983) 3. Acropolis of Athens (Greece, selected as a cultural heritage in 1987) 4. Yellowstone National Park.

United States, inscribed as a natural heritage site in 1978) 5. Amazon River.

Central Integrated Protected Area (Brazil, selected as a natural heritage in 2000) 6. Great Barrier Reef (Australia, selected as a natural heritage in 1981) World Heritage Introduction: World heritage refers to the rare and irreplaceable wealth of mankind recognized by UNESCO and the World Heritage Committee, and is recognized by all mankind as cultural relics, monuments and natural landscapes of outstanding significance and universal value. World Heritage includes four categories: cultural heritage, natural heritage, cultural and natural heritage, and cultural landscape heritage.

In a broad sense, according to its form and nature, world heritage is divided into tangible heritage (cultural heritage, natural heritage, cultural and natural heritage, memory heritage, cultural landscape) and intangible cultural heritage.

The intangible cultural heritage of China and foreign countries includes: woodblock New Year paintings, wood carving, bamboo weaving, paper-cutting, embroidery, glaze firing skills, traditional wood structure construction skills, Longquan celadon traditional firing skills, green tea making skills, etc.

China's intangible cultural heritage includes:

Kunqu Opera, Guqin Art, Chinese Seal Carving, Chinese Calligraphy, Chinese Paper-cutting, Cloud Brocade Weaving, Mulberry Silk Weaving, Celadon Firing, Xuan Paper Making, Cantonese Opera, Movable Type Printing, Traditional Chinese Medicine Acupuncture, Peking Opera, Shadow Puppet Show, Puppet Show, Chinese Abacus.

The legend of Meng Jiangnu, the legend of Liang Zhu, the ballad of Liu Sanjie, the legend of the Great Wall of Badaling, the legend of Wang Zhaojun, the folk song of northern Shaanxi, the legend of the orphan of Zhao, the legend of Zhuangzi, the legend of darkness, the water inspiration, etc.

As of 2021, the People's Republic of China has named five batches of national intangible cultural heritage lists.

The significance of inheriting China's intangible cultural heritage:

China's intangible cultural heritage is a precious treasure of all mankind and enjoys a lofty position in the world's cultural treasure house. The way of thinking, values and code of conduct embodied in it have attracted attention and attention from all over the world.

People of different countries and nationalities are increasingly aware of the close relationship between Chinese culture and world peace, human harmony and common prosperity, and are looking forward to the future of sustainable development of human civilization.

Intangible cultural heritage contains genes that affect social reality and maintain the unity of national culture. The strong Chinese sentiment contained in China's intangible cultural heritage is a solid foundation for promoting ethnic unity and maintaining national unity.

Protecting and utilizing China's intangible cultural heritage is conducive to cultivating a sense of national identity and enhancing social cohesion and creativity. Intangible cultural heritage runs through a bloodline that resists the erosion of time and maintains the continuity of national culture.

The strong sense of identity of the Chinese nation, embodied in China's intangible cultural heritage, is a special bond that transcends social changes and maintains emotional integration. The protection and utilization of China's intangible cultural heritage is conducive to the condensation and continuation of the national spirit, and has immeasurable role and significance in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

China's intangible cultural heritage is as follows:

1. Silk. Silk silk, also known as "carved silk", is the essence of traditional Chinese silk art. It is the most traditional kind of warp and weft in the Chinese silk weaving industry, and it is very appreciated for decorative silk fabrics.

2. Quanjude.

Quanjude, a time-honored brand in China, was founded in 1864 (the third year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty), and has made great progress after several generations of entrepreneurial struggle. In January 1999, "Quanjude Huzhi" was recognized as a "well-known trademark" by the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, which is the first well-known trademark in China in the service category.

3. Suzhou embroidery. Suzhou embroidery is the general name of embroidery products in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, for the burning of traditional art in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. Suzhou embroidery originated in Suzhou and is one of the four famous embroideries and one of the national intangible cultural heritages.

4. Bomb evaluation. Suzhou Pingtan is the general name of Suzhou Pinghua and Suzhou Danci, which is a traditional form of storytelling and drama performed by Wu language.

5. Nanjing Yunjin.

Nanjing Yunjin is a traditional Chinese silk handicraft, known as "inch brocade and inch gold", its history can be traced back to 417 years (the thirteenth year of Yixi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty) in the national capital Jiankang (now Nanjing) to set up a special management of the brocade of the leather Qi official office - the brocade office, has a history of 1,600 years.

1. NanyinAlso known as "string pipe" and "Quanzhou Nanyin", the traditional ** of southern Fujian Province, one of the contents of the UNESCO Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

2. The Great Song of the Dong NationalityIt is one of China's national intangible cultural heritages and one of the intangible cultural heritages of humanity.

3. Mongolian patriarch tunes folk songs, "long tune" is pronounced as "Ultin Do" in Mongolian, which means long song, which is a traditional ** in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and is known as "the living fossil of the grassland". On May 20, 2006, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region declared the "Mongolian Patriarch Tune Folk Song" approved by the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list, and the item number is 3.

4. GuqinIt is the earliest stringed instrument in China and a treasure of traditional Chinese culture. It is cherished by the world for its long history, vast documents, rich connotations and far-reaching influence. In November 2003, Chinese guqin art was inscribed in the second batch of "Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity" by UNESCO (it was inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2008).

5. Kunqu Opera(Kun Opera), formerly known as "Kunshan Dialect" (referred to as "Kun Opera"), is an ancient Chinese opera vocal cavity and opera, and is now also known as "Kun Opera". Kunqu Opera was inscribed on UNESCO's Representative List of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity in 2001 (inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2008). In 2006, it was included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - Kunqu Opera.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - Chinese Guqin Art.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - Mongolian Patriarch Tune Folk Song.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - Dong Song.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia-Nanyin.

China's intangible cultural heritage includes: shadow puppetry, Chinese paper-cutting, guqin, abacus, and 24 solar terms.

1. Shadow puppetry.

Shadow puppetry is an ancient traditional folk art in China, and is called "donkey shadow puppetry" by the old Beijingers. Originally known as "shadow puppetry" or "lantern play", it is a kind of folk drama in which the silhouettes of characters made of animal skins or cardboard are illuminated with light sources such as candles or spirits to perform stories. In 2011, Chinese shadow puppetry was included in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

2. Chinese paper-cutting.

Chinese paper-cutting is a kind of folk art that uses scissors or knives to cut patterns on paper and is used to decorate life or cooperate with other folk activities. In our country, paper-cutting has a broad mass base, integrated into the social life of people of all ethnic groups, and is an important part of various folk activities. In 2009, Chinese paper-cutting was included in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

3. Guqin.

The guqin is the oldest and purest traditional musical instrument. Guqin is an important part of China's first culture and a representative of traditional Chinese culture, with a long history of more than 3,000 years. In ancient times, it was known as "Qin", and there were other names such as "Sitong" and "Yaoqin".

Although the legends of Fuxi, Shennong, and Shun are not credible, their history is quite long. In 2008, the art of guqin was included in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

4. Abacus.

The abacus is a numerical calculation method using the abacus as a tool, which is known as the fifth invention of China. The abacus is a simple calculation tool invented and created by the working people in ancient China. The word "abacus" was first seen in the "Book of Records I" written by Xu Yue in the Han Dynasty.

As the saying goes, "abacus, four seasons control, warp and weft three talents". In 2013, it was inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

Solar terms.

The 24 solar terms are an important part of the long history and culture of the Chinese nation and embody the essence of Chinese civilization. The "24 solar terms" and the "December architecture" are the basic contents of the Ganzhi calendar established in ancient times (or in ancient times). According to ancient records, the emperor's family began to make cadres and branches to determine age.

The "24 solar terms" refer to specific seasons, phenology, climate change, and the "December architecture" established in the calendar.

Intangible cultural heritage refers to all kinds of traditional cultural expressions that exist in intangible forms and are closely related to people's lives and passed down from generation to generation. Intangible cultural heritage is a people-oriented living cultural heritage, which emphasizes the skills, experience and spirit with people as the core, and is characterized by living changes.

The emphasis is on immaterial properties, and more on the qualities that exist without dependence on the form of matter. However, in today's society, where materialism is rampant and spiritual space is seriously squeezed, "intangible cultural heritage" is also inevitably materialized to varying degrees in the application process. How to avoid the excessive materialization and packaging of intangible cultural heritage, break through the barriers and limitations of material forms, and maintain the intangible characteristics of "intangible cultural heritage" is a necessary attitude to respect the heritage left by the ancestors of the nation.

1. Chinese paper-cutting.

Chinese paper-cutting is one of the most abundant art forms in Chinese folk history and culture. In China, paper-cutting has the broadest mass base, it blends into the social life of people of all ethnic groups, and is an important part of various folk activities.

In 2009, at the UNESCO Conference on the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage, the Chinese paper-cutting project was included in the "Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity".

2. Chinese sericulture silk weaving skills.

Sericulture silk weaving is a great invention of China and a cultural symbol of the Chinese nation's identity. For more than 5,000 years, it has made significant contributions to Chinese history and has had a profound impact on human civilization through the Silk Road.

3. Xuan paper making skills.

Papermaking is one of the four great inventions of ancient China. Xuan paper is an outstanding representative of traditional handmade paper. This skill has been passed down from generation to generation through oral transmission, and has been continuously improved, combined with a variety of cultural elements, which has had a profound impact on the inheritance of Chinese culture.

4. Peking Opera. Peking Opera is the quintessence of China, featuring stylized and symbolic virtual performances, focusing on the comprehensive use of hands, eyes, body, law and steps, expressing the theatrical aesthetic ideals of traditional Chinese society and retaining the widely recognized elements of the country's cultural heritage. It is widely rooted in the traditional Chinese narrative structure and is the common spiritual wealth and cultural heritage of all mankind.

5. Traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture.

Acupuncture originated in China and is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine and a representative of China's outstanding national culture. TCM acupuncture is the embodiment of the wisdom and creativity of the Chinese nation, and its complete knowledge system and stable practice effect have been recognized worldwide.

1. Kunqu Opera. Kunqu opera is one of the oldest types of traditional Chinese opera, and it is also a treasure in the traditional culture and art of the Han nationality in China, especially in the art of opera, known as an "orchid" in the hundred gardens. In 2001, Kunqu Opera was listed as a "Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity" by UNESCO.

What are China's world-class intangible cultural heritages? What are China's world-class intangible cultural heritages?

2. Guqin art.

Guqin art is embodied in a solo art form of playing stringed instruments horizontally, and also includes singing and playing qin songs and ensembles of qin and flute. Guqin art is the second category of Chinese culture to be included in the "Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity" after Kunqu Opera. Qin music is one of the oldest and most continuous forms of instrumental music in Chinese history, with a verifiable history of 3,000 years.

Idioms known to women and children, such as "high mountains and flowing water", "burning the qin and boiling cranes", and "playing the qin to the cow", all come from allusions related to the qin.

3. Dragon Boat Festival.

The Dragon Boat Festival is the oldest folk festival of the Chinese nation, which evolved from the dragon totem sacrifice in ancient times, because Qu Yuan, a poet of Chu during the Warring States Period, committed suicide by jumping into the Miluo River during the Dragon Boat Festival, and later also took the Dragon Boat Festival as a festival to commemorate Qu Yuan. In September 2009, UNESCO officially reviewed and approved the inclusion of China's Dragon Boat Festival on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, making it the first Chinese festival to be included in the World Intangible Cultural Heritage List.

4. Chinese seal carving is the art of combining calligraphy (mainly seal script) and engraving (including chisel and casting) to make seals. With its unique style and high degree of artistry, ancient seals have laid an excellent foundation for the art of seal carving. Therefore, the history of seal carving art can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period more than 2,000 years ago.

5. Chinese calligraphy.

Chinese calligraphy is an ancient art of writing Chinese characters. Chinese calligraphy is a very unique visual art, and Chinese characters are an important factor in Chinese calligraphy, because Chinese calligraphy is produced and developed in Chinese culture, and Chinese characters are one of the basic elements of Chinese culture. Relying on Chinese characters is the main symbol that distinguishes Chinese calligraphy from other types of calligraphy.

Chinese calligraphy has developed along with the emergence and evolution of Chinese characters, and has become a representative symbol of Chinese culture after more than 3,000 years.