Which dynastic capital first introduced a large amount of water into the central area of the city?

The capital of the Yuan Dynasty is now Beijing, leading the Yongding River into the city.

Water scarcity has always been a problem in Beijing, especially in urban life, both during the Jinzhongdu period and the Yuan Dadu period.

There are four types of water used in metropolitan cities:

First, residents rely on drinking water, mainly relying on well water; The second is the water of the palace, which is led by the western suburbs to the mountain spring through the canal into the Taiye Pool, because the water comes from the west, so it is called the golden water;

the third is the water used in Chenghao, which is also supplied by the spring water in the western suburbs;

The fourth is the water of the Cao Canal, which is the Tonghui River, the grain river from Dadu to Tongzhou.

Due to the large terrain difference, locks are set up along the river to open to boats, and the amount of water required is very large. Among the four, the Cao Canal is the most difficult to solve, the Jin Dynasty once diverted the Lugou water from the west of Beijing (now the Yongding River) into the Cao Canal but failed, the Yuan Dynasty water conservancy expert Guo Shoujing (1230 1310) switched to the use of many springs in the north and west of Beijing to collect in the Gaoliang River, and then through the Haizi and into the Cao Canal, once made the grain and materials in the south of the Yangtze River directly to the capital, so it was rewarded by Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the Yuan dynasty. However, due to the fact that the tributaries of the upper reaches were irrigated by the powerful and the temples and temples to irrigate the paddy fields and gardens, the water sources were reduced day by day, and the water transportation was not smooth.

Throughout the Jin and Yuan dynasties for more than 100 years, the water from the capital to Tongzhou has never found a satisfactory solution.

Well, both the Ming and Tang dynasties introduced a lot of water into the center of the city.

Xi'an was the capital of the 13th dynasty:

Western Zhou (363 BC), Qin (15 years after unification), Western Han (202 BC), Eastern Han Dynasty (6 years of Emperor Xian), New Dynasty (15 BC), Former Zhao (11 years), Former Qin (33 years), Later Qin (34 years), Western Wei (22 years), Northern Zhou (25 years), Sui (38 years), Tang Dynasty (273 years), Western Jin Dynasty (4 years of Emperor Shu).

Xi'an was the capital of thirteen dynasties, which were: Western Zhou, Qin, Western Han, Xinmang, Eastern Han, Western Jin, Former Zhao, Former Qin, Later Qin, Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui, and Tang.

Xi'an is one of the first batch of national historical and cultural cities announced, one of the world's four ancient capitals, and the ancient capital with the most dynasties and the longest imperial history in China recognized by the Chinese Ancient Capital Society. It has been the capital and political, economic and cultural center of China for more than 1,100 years.

Xi'an, known as Chang'an and Hojing in ancient times, was the starting point of the Silk Road opened up in the Western Han Dynasty.

According to the Thirteen Dynasties, the dynasties that established their capitals in Xi'an were: the Western Zhou, the Qin, the Western Han, the Xin, the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Western Jin Dynasty, the Former Zhao, the Former Qin, the Later Qin, the Western Wei, the Northern Zhou, the Sui, and the Tang Dynasty.

The 10 dynasties are said to be 10 dynasties - in chronological order: Western Zhou (363 BC), Qin (15 years after unification), Western Han (202 BC), Former Zhao (11 years), Former Qin (33 years), Later Qin (34 years), Western Wei (22 years), Northern Zhou (25 years), Sui (38 years), Tang (273 years).

11 Dynasties 11 Dynasties - A new dynasty (15 BC) established by Wang Mang on the basis of the 10 dynasties.

The 12 dynasties said the 12 dynasties - on the basis of the 11 dynasties, the Western Jin Dynasty (4 years of Emperor Shu).

13 Dynasties 13 Dynasties - On the basis of the 12 dynasties, the Eastern Han Dynasty (6 years of Emperor Xian), of which the 13 dynasties have the most supporters. It can be said that it is now recognized as the number of dynasties that people recognize.

14 Dynasties 14 Dynasties – There are two scenarios: (1) adding the Bactria Dynasty to the 13 Dynasties; (2) On the basis of the 13th dynasty, add the Wu Zhou (15 years) established by Wu Zetian.

16 Dynasties 16 Dynasties - On the basis of the 13 Dynasties, the Gengshi regime established by Liu Xuan in the late Western Han Dynasty, the Chimei regime established by Fan Chong and Liu Penzi, and the Great Qi established by Huang Chao were added.

17 Dynasties 17 Dynasties - There are two situations: (1) on the basis of the first scenario of the 14 Dynasties, add the Great Shun established by Wu Zhou, Daqi and Li Zicheng; (2) On the basis of the 13 dynasties, add the first regime, the Chimei regime, and the Great Qi and Dashun.

Xi'an, the imperial state of Qinzhong since ancient times, is the city with the most dynasties and the longest history in Chinese history, from the Western Zhou Dynasty when the slavery Qin was at its peak, to the Tang Dynasty when the feudal society reached its peak, there were 13 dynasties such as the Western Zhou, Qin, Western Han, Xin, Eastern Han [Emperor Xian], Western Jin [Emperor Chu], Qianzhao, Qianqin, Later Qin, Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui, Tang and other 13 dynasties built their capitals here for 1140 years. From 1057 BC to 904 AD, Xi'an was the political, economic, and cultural center of ancient China for a long time.

It is the capital of the twenty dynasties.

Western Zhou Dynasty (Haojing), Western Zhou Republic (Haojing), Qin (Xianyang), Western Han Dynasty (Chang'an), New Dynasty (Chang'an), Han Gengshi (Chang'an), Chimei (Chang'an), Eastern Han Provisional (Chang'an), Western Jin Dynasty (Chang'an), Former Zhao (Chang'an), Former Qin (Chang'an), Ran Wei (Chang'an), Later Qin (Chang'an), Western Wei (Chang'an), Northern Zhou (Chang'an), Sui (Chang'an), Tang (Chang'an), Wu Zhou (Chang'an), Huang Qi (Chang'an), Dashun (Chang'an).

Xi'an had 13 dynasties as its capital. Tang dynasty.

Go to the rich woman so hot and hot Neusthorn 486

1. Xia Dynasty, from the emperor to the emperor in Kaifeng to build the capital in Kaifeng for 217 years, known as Laoqiu (now the northeast of Kaifeng City, the capital of the village), this is the first time that Kaifeng has a clear historical record of the first capital.

2. The Shang Dynasty built the capital in the Kaifeng area for 27 years, and the history is known as the hustle.

3. Wei State, in the sixth year of King Wei Hui of the Warring States Period, the monarch of Wei King Wei Hui (enthroned in 369 B.C., crowned king in 334 B.C.) moved his capital to Daliang (now Gulou District, Kaifeng City). After the Wei State moved its capital to Daliang, it diverted the water of the Yellow River into Putianze (now Guancheng District, Zhengzhou City) to dig a chasm and divert the water from Putian into the Huai River. In 225 B.C., the Qin general Wang Ben blocked the embankment of the Yellow River, diverted the water of the Yellow River into the chasm, flooded the city of Daliang, destroyed the city, and became a Ze country.

4. Later Jin Dynasty, in 936, Shi Jingjiao destroyed the Tang Dynasty, established the Later Jin Dynasty, and moved the capital from Luoyang to Kaifeng.

5. Da Liao, in February 947, Yelu Deguang ascended the throne in Kaifeng, changed Kaifeng to Nanjing, changed Khan to be the emperor, and named the country "Da Liao", which was for Liao Taizong.

6. After the Han Dynasty, after the Liao army retreated northward, the Later Han Dynasty still set the capital of Kaifeng, and in 951, Guo Wei launched the Lanzhou (now Puyang City) mutiny, and destroyed the Later Han Dynasty and the Later Zhou.

7. In the second year of Zhenyou (1214), Jin Xuanzong moved the capital to "Nanjing Kaifeng Mansion" in order to avoid the Mongol army.

Kaifeng, referred to as Bian, was known as "Bianzhou", "Tokyo" and "Daliang" in ancient times. It is the capital of several important dynasties in China. In the middle of summer, it was the capital, called "Laoqiu", and it was the capital city that lasted the longest in the Xia Dynasty, counting 225 years.

During the Warring States Period, the Wei State built its capital here, called "Daliang", and the iron smelting industry was developed and very prosperous. After the floods and wars of the Yellow River, it was almost reduced to ruins and extremely decayed. During the Western Han Dynasty, Kaifeng was once the capital of the feudal Liang State.

During the period of five dynasties and ten kingdoms, the country was divided, and the geographical conditions of Kaifeng were very suitable for the development of agricultural economy, as the basis for unifying the world, it successively became the capital of the Later Liang, Later Jin, Later Han and Later Zhou. Zhao Kuangyin, the general of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, launched the Chenqiao Mutiny and became the emperor of the Later Zhou Dynasty, established the Song Dynasty (Northern Song Dynasty), still with Kaifeng as the capital, called "Tokyo", and finally completed the unification of the Han nationality headquarters in China. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Kaifeng's urban structure broke through the shackles of the Tang Dynasty's Chang'an "Fang City" urban pattern, and once again became prosperous, developing into one of the most populous and prosperous cities in the world at that time.

Shiyun: Except for Liang Yuan, it is always a village. It means that except for Kaifeng, all other places are villages.

After the disaster of Jingkang, the Northern Song Dynasty perished, and Kaifeng was first designated as the capital by the Great Qi, and then by the Jin Dynasty. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the Longfeng regime of King Xiaoming used to take this as the capital. The history of the capital is as long as 592 years.

The details are as follows:

Xia: 1847-1622 BC Emperor Zhu to Emperor Hu, 225 years Warring States Wei: 364-225 BC 139 years.

Houliang: 907-909 913-923 12 years after Jin: 937-947 10 years.

Later Han Dynasty: 947-951 4 years.

Week after week: 951-960 9 years.

Northern Song Dynasty: 960-1127 years, 167 years.

Daqi: 1232-1237 5 years.

Jin: 1161, 1214-1234 20 years Han Song: 1358-1359 1 year.

Kaifeng is the ancient capital of the Seven Dynasties, from 364 B.C. to 1233 A.D., there are Wei in the Warring States Period, Later Liang in the Five Dynasties Period, Later Jin, Later Han, Later Zhou, and the Northern Song Dynasty and the end of the Jin Dynasty have all built their capitals here, so it is known"The ancient capital of the Seven Dynasties"called.

During the Warring States Period, Wei - called "Daliang" for 6 years and 140 years.

Later Liang during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period - changed Bianzhou to Kaifeng Prefecture and called the Eastern Capital, Luoyang as the capital (also called the Western Capital), and the capital of the Later Jin, Later Han and Later Zhou Dynasty!!

During the Northern Song Dynasty, "Tokyo" became the most prosperous international metropolis at that time, which lasted for 167 years. It is the dynasty that has been in the feudal capital for the longest time.

The Jin period - called Bianjing, which lasted for 20 years.

Therefore, Kaifeng is called "the ancient capital of the Seven Dynasties".

Kaifeng is one of the 24 famous historical and cultural cities.

(1) The capital of the Qin Dynasty (221 BC to 206 BC) was in Xianyang, northeast of present-day Xianyang, Shaanxi.

2) The capital of the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC to 23 AD) was in Chang'an, northwest of present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi.

3) The capital of the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220 AD) was in Luoyang, east of present-day Luoyang, Henan.

4) The capital of the Sui Dynasty (581-618 AD) was in Daxing, present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi.

5) The capital of the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) was in Chang'an, present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi.

6) The capital of the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127 AD) was in Tokyo, present-day Kaifeng, Henan.

7) The capital of the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368 AD) was in Dadu, present-day Beijing.

8) The capital of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644 AD) was in Yingtian, present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu.

9) The early capital of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) was in Shengjing, now Shenyang, Liaoning. After the Qing army entered the customs in 1644, Emperor Shunzhi moved the capital to Beijing, now Beijing.

1. Capitals of each dynasty:

1) Qin Dynasty: Xianyang.

2) Han Dynasty: Chang'an.

3) Western Jin Dynasty: Luoyang.

4) Sui Dynasty: Daxing City, Luoyang City.

5) Tang Dynasty: Chang'an, Luoyang.

6) Northern Song Dynasty: Kaifeng.

7) Yuan Dynasty: Dadu (present-day Beijing).

8) Ming Dynasty: Nanjing, Beijing.

9) Qing Dynasty: Beijing.

2. Eight ancient capitals: Xi'an, Luoyang, Nanjing, Beijing, Kaifeng, Hangzhou, Anyang, ZhengzhouAdditional Information:

Five dynasties and ten kingdoms.

bai；Nantang; capital Jiangning, Wu Yueguo;

Du Capital Zhi Hangzhou Dao Qianshu; The capital city of Chengdu Prefecture Southern Han Dynasty; The capital of Xingwangfu (now Guangneizhou) Chu State; The capital city of Tanzhou (now Changsha) Southern Wu Rongguo; The capital city of Qiantang (now Hangzhou) Fujian; the capital city of Changle (now Fuzhou) Nanping Kingdom; The capital city of Jiangling (now Jingzhou) Houshu; The capital city of Chengdu is the Northern Han Dynasty; The capital city of Taiyuan.

Ancient Chinese bai

Capitals, as shown in the table below:

The ancient capitals of China were Xianyang, Chang'an, and Nanjing.

du, kaifengzhi, beijing, etc., are introduced as follows: dao

1. Xianyang. Prefecture-level city of Zhuanxi Province, located in the hinterland of Qinchuan River in Shaanxi Province, 800 subordinates, Weishui passes through the south, the mountains are in the north, and the mountains and rivers are yang, so it is called Xianyang.

2. Chang'an. Chang'an, the ancient name of Xi'an, is the first capital city called "Beijing" in history, and the first city in the true sense of the word.

3. Nanjing. Referred to as "Ning", known as Jinling and Jiankang in ancient times, it is the capital of Jiangsu Province, a sub-provincial city, and the core city of Nanjing metropolitan area.

4. Unseal. In ancient times, it was called Laoqiu, Bianjing, Bianliang, etc., referred to as Bian, a prefecture-level city in Henan Province, located in the central and eastern part of Henan Province.

5. Beijing. Referred to as "Beijing", it is the capital of the People's Republic of China, a municipality directly under the central government, a national central city, a megacity, and a national political center.

1. Xi'an: The ancient capital of the Ten Dynasties.

Western Zhou, Qin, Western Han, Former Bai Zhao, Former Qin, Later Qin, Western Du Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui Zhi, Tang).

2. Beijing: the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties (Later Yan, Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming, Qing).

3. Luoyang: the ancient capital of the thirteen dynasties (Xia, Shang, Western Zhou, Eastern Zhou, Eastern Han, Cao Wei, Western Jin, Northern Wei, Sui, Tang (Wu Zhou), Later Liang, Later Tang, Later Jin).

4. Nanjing: the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties (Sun Wu, Eastern Jin Dynasty, Liu Song, Xiao Qi, Xiao Liang, Chen).

5. Hangzhou: Wu Yue and the Southern Song Dynasty in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms established their capitals here.

Features of the capital:

There is a boundary effect in the function of the capital and the development path of the capital, which is not all-encompassing and always the upper way, but it is too much to be moderate. There is no fixed model for the functions of capitals, and the determination of their functions should mainly take into account the history and reality of capitals.

There are mainly the following functional modes of the capital:

The big country model vs. the small country model. At a certain stage of human development, human beings gathered into cities, and then evolved into countries.

In terms of land area alone, there are always large and small countries, and the development path and core function positioning of the capital of large and small countries are also different.