In the Water Margin, cattle and sheep are slaughtered at every turn, is there so much beef, and can

In the Water Margin, cattle and sheep are slaughtered at every turnIt's just that the author Shi Nai'an made it up, meaning that they are opposed to the imperial court. At that time, in the Song Dynasty, people used cattle as livestock and used them as cultivated land, and the breeding was relatively extensive, and ordinary people had no right to kill cattle. If it is said that after the reunion, the heroes of Liangshan have beef to eat every day, it is likely that they came from the house robbery.

Beef and mutton are now increasingly becoming a part of our diet, such as our favorite steamed buns, as well as ramen noodles and hot pot, all of which are inseparable from the participation of beef and mutton.

Reading "Water Margin", we can see a detail, that is, heroes like to buy a few bowls of good wine and order a few catties of beef to eat. At that time, Wu Song passed by Jingyanggang Nahui, and these were the things he ordered, and when Yang Zhi was eating, there was beef in the meal.

Officials probably thought that beef had become a staple meat on the table during the Song Dynasty, but it was not.

In the dynasty at that time, cattle were one of the most important farming animals, and it was very important for the people to use it for field cultivation and to transport grain. It is also based on this that the imperial court is very strict in the management of the slaughter of cattle.

Only the official family can have the right to kill cattle and eat meat, ordinary people can only use it as a tool of labor, if it is illegal to kill cattle privately, they will face prison. And the substitute is generally pork, chicken, etc.

These are the background of the creation of the Water Margin. In the process of writing, the author emphasizes that the heroes eat beef every day, in order to show their rebellious spirit of ignoring the majesty and laws of the imperial court. And when it came to the Liangshan Juyi, there was also a possibility that their cattle and beef were snatched from the people.

Yes, there must be no way to eat it, after all, in the Song Dynasty, individuals could not kill cattle, so they would fight against the imperial court.

Since they are anti-court, of course, it is reflected in the details of life, and eating beef is also an aspect that shows that they ignore the laws of the imperial court. Therefore, the beef of "Water Margin" cannot be eaten, and not everyone can eat it.

Of course, I can't finish eating, because those Liangshan heroes are very capable, they rob the rich and help the poor to help others, and they have a lot of money in their hands.

In the Song Dynasty, individuals had no right to kill cattle, and if they were forcibly abused, they would violate the laws of the Song Dynasty and would be imprisoned. Eating beef is one aspect that shows that the heroes of Liangshan ignored the laws of the imperial court.

In fact, it's just a fictional chapter. The real situation is dominated by mutton, pork, and chicken. And not everyone can afford beef.

The heroes of Liangshan themselves are fugitives who have been forced by the government and have no way out. Because they have no way out, they can only gather righteousness in Liangshan, and make a living by robbing houses and houses, and they are all a group of righteous people who rebel against the imperial court. So it has to be expressed from these small details of life.

They robbed the rich and helped the poor, and naturally they would not live in poverty, and the Song Dynasty did not allow individuals to kill cattle and sheep, which also reflected that they were anti-court.

They did this in order to oppose the imperial court and oppose the imperial court, because it was illegal for individuals to kill cattle at that time.

The heroes of Liangshan were all good men, they opposed the imperial court at that time, and specifically opposed the imperial court, and killing cattle and sheep was a way to oppose the imperial court.

Water MarginKill the meat sellerLu Zhishen

Ruda. It was originally the jurisdiction of Weizhou, and once I ate tea in the tea workshop and got acquainted with Shi Jin.

and his teacher Li Zhong, the three of them went to the restaurant to drink, and heard a woman crying in the pavilion next door, Yinzhi Lu Dahong asked with a reputation and learned that it was the people's daughter Jin Cuilian who was abandoned after being forcibly married by the bully "Zhen Guanxi", and couldn't help but be furious, rescued the Jin father and daughter, and promised to avenge them. Early the next morning, Ruda arranged for the Kim father and daughter to leave.

Later, he rushed to Zheng Tu's butcher shop to tease him, Zheng Tu picked up the knife in anger and went to fight with Luda, but was killed by Luda's three punches. Seeing that the situation was not good, he claimed that Zheng Tu had cheated to death, and at the same time quickly left the scene and escaped from Weizhou.

Personality:

Lu Zhishen is not only a brave man with enthusiasm and idealism, he also has wisdom and the ability to practice. When he went to Zheng Tu for trouble, Lu Zhishen initially just bought meat, picking left and right, so Zheng Tu couldn't hold back and took the initiative to trouble him.

In this way, Lu Zhishen fought back as a matter of course. After killing Zheng Tu, he pointed to Zheng Tu's corpse and said, "You cheated to death." Here, Lu Zhishen's thick and fine character is also revealed.

It was Zheng Tu who killed and sold meat in the Water Margin, which is a typical underworld force.

According to statistics, in the entire "Water Margin", there are as many as 134 scenes involving slaughtering and eating meat, and 48 places clearly point out that they eat beef! Nowhere did it indicate that pork was eaten. Didn't the people of the Song Dynasty eat pork and mutton?

Dongpo meat"、"Dongpo pork knuckle"I believe everyone has eaten it, and Su Dongpo is from the Song Dynasty, which proves that the Song Dynasty ate pork, and there were many people who ate pork in the Song Dynasty? Su Dongpo wrote a poem "Ode to Pork": Clean and wash the bell, less water, and the firewood can't smoke.

Don't urge him when he is familiar with himself, and he is beautiful when he is full. Huangzhou is a good pork, and the price is as cheap as dirt. The noble refuse to eat, the poor do not understand how to cook, get up in the morning and make two bowls, so full that their own kings do not care.

The price of good pork in Huangzhou is as cheap as dirt; The rich and noble will not eat, and the poor will not cook. I get up in the morning and make two bowls, and you don't have to pay attention to it when you're full. "The noble refuse to eat, and the poor do not understand how to cook.

This sentence is a good illustration of the embarrassing position of pork in the Song Dynasty, the rich don't eat it, and the poor can't cook it (so Su Dongpo cooked it himself!). Why is this so? In fact, this is related to Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin.

It is said that Taizu Zhao Kuangyin was poor when he was not born, and one day because of hunger, he cheekily asked a baked cake shop for two leftover baked cakes. But the baked cakes that had been left for a few days were dry and hard, and they couldn't bite at all. Taizu had no choice but to ask the store for another bowl of mutton soup, and broke the dry and hard baked cakes into small pieces and soaked them in the soup.

After inhaling the broth, the baked cake was moderately soft and hard, and it was very delicious, and Zhao Kuangyin was so hot that he was hungry and cold. Later, Zhao Kuangyin gained power and mastered the power of the army"Yellow robe"After the founding of the country, I still remember the original taste of mutton, so I especially love to eat mutton. More importantly, Zhao Kuangyin, the founding emperor of the Song Dynasty, was a pig, and the emperors of the Song Dynasty did not eat pigs in order to respect the first emperor, and followed the habit of Taizu eating mutton.

Since people mainly ate sheep during the Song Dynasty, why did the heroes and heroes in "Water Margin" only eat beef, and could people eat beef casually in ancient times? In fact, ancient China was founded on farming, so measures were formulated to protect cattle. In the Tang Dynasty, if the people slaughtered the cattle privately, they were sentenced to 2 years in prison, which is recorded in the "Song Criminal System":

In the "Da Ming Law", it is stipulated that those who kill other people's cattle and horses shall be sentenced to two years with two rods, and those who kill their own cattle and horses shall be sentenced to one year with one hundred rods, and if the ploughing cattle die of illness and death without reporting, they may be whipped forty. "Water Margin" was written in the Ming Dynasty, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty was surnamed Zhu, in order to avoid the author, first of all, he could not let the heroes eat pork!

In order to increase the ornamentality of the first, set off and show the heroism of the heroes of Liangshan who are not afraid of heaven and earth, who defy the law, and who else is self-sacred, so let the heroes eat the beef forbidden by the imperial court, and it is the best yellow beef!

Summary. Because Shi Nai'an participated in the peasant uprising in the last years of the Yuan Dynasty and belonged to the rebels, he was naturally full of retaliatory "bad taste" for the laws and regulations of the Yuan Dynasty - if the government did not allow him to do it, he would do it.

Why don't the people in "Water Margin" eat pork, but beef?

Because Shi Nai'an participated in the peasant uprising in the last years of the Yuan Dynasty and belonged to the rebels, he was naturally full of retaliatory "bad taste" for the laws and regulations of the Yuan Dynasty - the government did not let him do it at a loss, so he preferred to do it to the god of Bird.

The government did not allow rebellion, and the heroes of Liangshan rebelled! The government didn't let the cattle be killed, so he wanted to kill the cows. Not only do you want to kill cattle, but you also kill them every day, when you are lucky and hail are envious. So the dinner plots that we see now in this ** book are all kinds of beef. Ready.

Since the heroes of Liangshan want to rebel, they kill people and set fires in their actions, and of course they must eat a lot of beef forbidden by the imperial court in terms of diet. Therefore, the heroes have become "beef lovers", drinking wine in large bowls and eating large pieces of meat at every turn, and pointing out that the large piece of meat is beef, openly showing contempt for the law and the court. In "Water Margin", this is very obvious, the legally operated shop generally deals in pork or some other meat, but not beef, Lu Zhishen punched the town of Guanxi, the shop opened by Zheng Butcher at that time only hung three or five pieces of pork, and there was no beef in Xunyang Building, Jiangzhou, only mutton.

Most of the beef sellers are black shops, and the hotel of the mother worm Gu sister-in-law openly hangs beef; Liangshan's ears and eyes dry land Hulu Zhugui's hotel ** beef; The Shijie Village Hotel in the depths of the lake slaughters cattle and sells "flower cakes are also like fat beef"; The hotel of Li Li, the urging judge of murder and robbery on Jieyang Ridge, sells beef for guests to drink; The lawless dominatrix Sun Erniang even openly flaunted: "My steamed buns, the filling is scalper's." Gentlemen with status generally do not slaughter cattle, such as the small whirlwind Chai Jin's Zhuangyuan, the Chaojia Village of the Tota Heavenly King Chao Gai, the Songjia Village of Song Gongming's timely rain, etc., although they are all famous for "fighting righteousness and squandering wealth, and taking over heroes and heroes", but the hospitality is only "killing sheep and pigs", "killing chickens and ducks".

Those who dare to slaughter cattle in their own homes are all strong and powerful, such as Shijiazhuang of Shijin of the nine-pattern dragon, Mujiazhuang who did not block Mu Hong, and Zhujiazhuang, who is the enemy of Liangshanbo. Interestingly, there are many horses and cattle slaughtered mentioned in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", which is comparable to "Water Margin". On the one hand, this is because there are more plots to reward the three armies, on the other hand, it is also about the gathering of heroes in the war period, and it is necessary to eat beef to show fearless spirit, so when Liu Guan and Zhang Taoyuan were three uprisings, they slaughtered white horses and sacrificed black cows to heaven and earth.

In "Journey to the West", it is only said that he killed cattle and horses once, that is, after Sun Wukong got the Ruyi Golden Hoop Stick, when he made friends with the Bull Demon King and other seven brothers, he held a feast. This is preparing to rebel against the Jade Emperor, so I want to eat beef. Although there was a bull demon king among the guests invited, beef still had to be eaten for the sake of the revolution.

Because they are lawbreakers. In addition, the subject can read "Tokyo Menghualu" to know that the commodity economy of the Northern Song Dynasty was very developed. It has always been difficult to strictly enforce the power of ancient feudal society in the local area, except for the Qin Dynasty (severe punishment) and the heyday of various dynasties, so the shops that sell beef are either also heroes. Or, this store may have a relationship with the magistrate under the condition that the implementation of the ** law is not strict, and the law enforcement will turn a blind eye; And then there is the most important issue, which is the source of goods.

In Kyoto during the Song Dynasty, whether it was Tokyo or Lin'an, according to historical records, there were still many shops dealing in illegal goods, but their sources of goods were obtained from other sources, that is, perhaps these stores collected and killed cattle that were not illegal, such as bison.

And most importantly, the beef shop could also be a fictional ingredient in the story. The raw material of this ** is the story.

In fact, except for Dream of the Red Chamber, which is the original work of a literati author (only talking about creative projects, not considering the number of subsequent authors of Stone Records), the other three are all works compiled and deleted by a literati who have scattered in the hands of many folk storytellers (who are also literati). So, maybe this beef shop in the Water Margin is fictional in order to set off the atmosphere of a hero, after all, it's a storyteller, if you don't talk about it, it's exaggerated, how can he make money? Storytelling, these historical books called Goolan Washe culture was also flourishing during the commercial development of the Song Dynasty.

The imperial court believed that the ploughing oxen had worked for the people all their lives and brought them benefits. It should not be killed. The heroes of Liangshan in "Water Margin" are anti-imperial court, and openly eating and selling beef should be a satire on the imperial court at that time!

Some people are okay to kill people, let alone cattle, and the cow of Lao Sun's sick and disabled can also be killed! Nowadays, there are many game shops ......

Because the author was from the Ming Dynasty, and there was a lot of high-quality forage in the south during the Ming Dynasty, it was natural to raise more cattle, and it was normal to eat beef. At that time, there was no such developed archaeology as it is now, and it is normal for the author not to know what happened hundreds of years ago.

Fictional things are still about whether they are guilty of crimes or not.

In China, the cow cannot be killed not because the Chinese are kind and virtuous, but because in ancient times without mechanization, cattle were an important means of production, and killing one cow was equivalent to killing the labor ability of ten people. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, the "Book of Rites" stipulated: "The princes do not kill cattle for no reason", the princes do not let the cattle be killed, and the common people cannot let them kill the cattle.

In the Han Dynasty, cattle were killed for life; During the Tang Dynasty, cattle killers were sentenced to one year in prison; In the Song Dynasty, those who killed cattle without reason were punished with hard labor for three years; The Yuan Dynasty killed a hundred cattle. With such a high penal code, no one would risk going to jail to kill a cow. Beef is naturally a scarce commodity.

Every living thing has its moments of birth, death, and sickness. If a cow is old, crippled, or so sick that it loses its usefulness, it will naturally be placed on the table. However, permission must be obtained after reporting to the authorities before slaughter.

Moreover, cowhide and cowhide tendon is an important raw material, which needs to be handed over to the state and cannot be collected privately.

Otherwise, it shall be punished as the crime of indiscriminate slaughter of cattle, even if the cattle are domesticated. In this case, beef is naturally very scarce, and ordinary people like Song Wu naturally can't eat beef. The Song Dynasty attached great importance to cattle, and any death and slaughter had to be filed with the Ox, and there were strict restrictions on the sale of beef caused by the illness or death of the cow in the line of duty.

Therefore, Shi Nai'an wrote that Liangshan heroes eat beef, but it does not actually exist. The plot of arranging men to eat beef in "Water Margin" is actually to show the heroism of the heroes of Liangshan who despise Wang Fa. In other words, Song Wushixiu and others were able to eat beef in large chunks in the Song Dynasty, entirely because of the wonderful imagination and artistic processing of the author Shi Nai'an.

According to the research results of historians, under the rule of feudal dynasties in the past, the general administrative power could only reach the county level, and the local autonomy below the county level was left, thus leaving a lot of vacuum. The Song Dynasty was no exception. The existence of this vacuum zone ruled by the feudal dynasty is the real history of the heroes of Liangshan who can eat beef in large chunks**.

At that time, beef was a type of meat that did not conform to the orthodox tendencies of society. It is a type of meat that is not allowed to be eaten at will according to the regulations. With such confinement, it is inevitable that beef did not become the mainstream meat in the Song Dynasty.