How to explain the ancient texts please me, how to say the classical Chinese

A general term for the classical Chinese before May Fourth (generally excluding "pun wen"). In the Han Dynasty, the official script was popular, so the font before the Qin Dynasty was called Guwen, specifically referring to the ancient text in Xu Shen's "Shuowen Jie Zi".

Explanation: Ancient texts refer to the words on the ancient books of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period and before. Xu Shen said in "Shuo Wen Jie Zi Shu":"Zhou Taishi wrote fifteen chapters of the Great Seal, which may be different from the ancient texts. "Comparing the ancient text with the Great Seal, it is said that the ancient text is the general name of the writing before the Shi Dynasty.

Because the ancients had no pen and ink, they used bamboo sticks to paint and write on the bamboo tube, which is called the book deed, also called the bamboo slip book. Because the bamboo is hard and greasy, the writing is not fluent, and the head and tail of the words written are thick and thin, like the shape of tadpoles, so it is called tadpole book or tadpole text. All bamboo slips and lacquer books can be called tadpole texts, not necessarily tadpole texts.

Ancient texts mainly refer to the words on ancient books such as "Book of Changes", "Analects", "Spring and Autumn", "Shangshu", "Zhou Li", "Lü's Spring and Autumn", "Book of Filial Piety" and so on, which are relatively early pen scripts.

Six Methods of Classical Chinese Translation.

Classical Chinese translation should strive to be accurate and fluent, so the translation of classical Chinese should pay attention to certain methods. To sum up, there are roughly the following.

The first is the literal translation method. Literal translation is a direct translation according to the meaning and word order of the original text. Such as: clear (completely) silent.

The second is paraphrasing. Paraphrasing is to translate according to the meaning of the words and phrases in the original text, without translating them word by word. Such as:

The general died in a hundred battles, and the strong man returned in ten years. This sentence uses the rhetoric of "intertextuality", and the translation must penetrate and explain each other in the context of the words in order to express a complete meaning.

The third is the supplementation method. This method is applicable to the omission of sentence patterns in the text, and only by making up the omitted elements can the sentence be smooth and the meaning clear. For example, people don't know (me) and (I) don't feel sorry for (people). In this way, the meaning of the text is smooth.

The fourth is the word order shift method. Since the notation order of the inverted sentences does not conform to the grammatical habits of modern Chinese, it is necessary to reverse the position of the inverted words when translating them to make them conform to the grammatical habits of modern Chinese. Such as:

Why should the son go? When translating, the verb "恃" should be moved before the object "he".

Fifth, the original word retention method. For example, in ancient Chinese, words such as personal names, place names, official names, weights and measures units, era names, emperor names, dynasties, etc., can be translated without retaining the original words. Such as:

In the celebration calendar, there are cloth clothes. The "Qingli" (year name) and "Bi Sheng" (personal name) in the sentence are special nouns, which can be directly retained in the original sentence when translated.

Sixth, the deletion method. Some literary fictional words only have a certain grammatical function and have no real meaning, so they can be deleted when translating. Such as: Nanyang Liu Ziji, noble scholars. The imaginary word "also" in the sentence can be deleted and not translated.

Original text: Zheng people have and put their shoes, first measure their own feet, and sit on them. Go to the city and forget about it.

has been fulfilled, but said: "I forgot to hold the degree." "Instead, take it.

and on the contrary, the city is boycotted, and it is not allowed to perform. People said, "Why not give it a try?"

He said: "Rather trustworthiness, no self-confidence." Translation:

There was a Zheng Guoren who wanted to buy shoes, he measured his foot first, and then put it on his seat. When I was about to go to the market, I forgot to take the measured size. I already got the shoes, so I said:

I forgot to bring a measured size. So I went back and took the size of the foot. By the time he returned, the bazaar had already closed, and he didn't buy any shoes.

Someone asked, "Why don't you just try it with your feet?" He) said:

I'd rather trust a good size than my feet. ”。

It's been a few hours, and it's not good".

Kong Wenju was ten years old and went to Luo with his father. At that time, Li Yuanli was famous and was the captain of the school. Those who are good at the door are all handsome and talented, and their middle cousins are Tong.

Wen Ju went to the door, and the official said: "I am the prince of Li Mansion." "Through, sit forward.

Yuan Li asked, "What is the relationship between the king and the servant?" "Yes

In the past, Jun Zhongni and Jun ancestor Boyang had the respect of teachers, and they were servants and Jun Yishi. "Yuan Li and the guests are not surprised. Taizhong doctor Chen Wei came later, and people said in their language:

It's been a few hours, and it's not necessarily good. Wen Ju said: "If you want to be a gentleman, you must be a child."

He hesitated. When Kong Rong was ten years old, he went to Luoyang with his father. At that time, Li Yuanli was very famous and served as a lieutenant. The people who came to his house were all those who were of great intellect, of high reputation, and of their own relatives.

Kong Rong arrived in front of his house and said to the people below, "I am a relative of Li Fujun. "I've been informed, sit down together.

Li Yuanli asked, "What is your relationship with me?" Kong Rong said

In the past, my ancestor Zhongni used to worship your ancestor Bokai Hanyang as a teacher, so I have been friendly and related to you for generations. Li Yuanli and his guests were not surprised by his words. Taizhong doctor Chen Wei arrived later, and others told him what Kong Chun Sun Liangrong said, and Chen Wei said:

When you are young, you are very smart, but when you grow up, you may not be very talented. After hearing this, Kong Rong said, "I guess you must have been very smart when you were young."

Chen Wei felt very uneasy when he heard this.

If you are a little older than yourself, you can say: Please ask the gentleman with his surname.

If the age is the same as that of his parents and grandparents, he will say: this old man, old man, Gao surname.

If you are younger than yourself, you will say: Please ask this son's surname.

His peers said: Brother Taizun's surname is a big name.

1. Wenyan is a written language that has been processed based on ancient Chinese. It may have been processed in the earliest written language based on spoken language. Classical Chinese is a written language composed of ancient Chinese texts, mainly including written languages formed on the basis of the spoken language of the pre-Qin period.

2. Classical Chinese is relatively vernacular Chinese, and its characteristics are based on words, focusing on allusions, battles, neat rhythms and no punctuation, including strategies, poems, words, songs, eight strands, ancient Chinese and other literary styles.

3. The meaning of "classical Chinese" refers to "beautiful language articles", also known as linguistic texts.

4. In the thousands of years of Chinese history, the spoken language has changed greatly, but the classical Chinese has maintained a similar format. Classical Chinese allows speakers of different languages to "write and talk", and is a method of communication that has a fixed format but is not very difficult.