What is juvenile myoclonic epilepsy?

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy is also known as petit mal lunge. It is a benign primary generalized epilepsy that occurs during adolescence, has no sex differences, and is genetic. Seizures are mainly single or repetitive, irregular, irregular myoclonic tics involving the extensor muscles dorsal of both shoulders, and a few can also involve the lower extremities.

Patients develop myoclonus jerks after waking up in the morning, which appear as sudden, irregular, and irregular myoclonus that primarily affects the proximal and distal muscles of the upper extremities. Myoclonus jerks are sometimes subtle and confined to the fingers, making it easy for the person to fall from the object in the hand, or to appear clumsy, and the myoclonus is more intense.

Hello. Analysis:

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy is also a common type of epilepsy. Onset in adolescents, normal physical development, and most of them have muscle burst twin seizures after awakening, mainly involving both upper limbs, and falls may occur when the lower limbs are affected. Occasionally, generalized tonic-clonic seizures are present.

The age of onset is mainly concentrated in 8 to 22 years old around puberty, and the average age of onset is 15 years old. Rare for people under 8 years of age and over 22 years of age. The incidence rate of ** in the general population is 1 1000-1 2000, accounting for about 5%-10% of all epilepsy.

Because parents pay more attention to generalized tonic-clonic seizures such as loss of consciousness and generalized convulsions, but lack of attention to seizures such as limb shaking, they are often easily ignored and missed diagnosis.

Guidance: Hello, there are many types of epilepsy, which can only be decided based on the results of your own examination. Some ** can only temporarily control the condition, and cannot be completely good. If you want to epilepsy, the premise is to find a scientifically effective method.

This is a disease with genetic action of generalized small seizures, which can be controlled**, how is the patient now.

Tourette's syndrome is distinguished from epileptic myoclonic seizures by the fact that epileptic myoclonic seizures are generalized episodes of seizures that occur as a sudden, transient (< or partial electrocution of the whole body or part of the skeletal muscles, with loss of consciousness and a seizure accompanied by a slow-wave burst of whole brain spines-slow or multispines. Tourette's syndrome is usually unilateral muscle twitching with a small range of motion and may be accompanied by verbal tics.

The patient is able to consciously control his seizures, his sleep is absent, his emotional stress is worsening his seizures, and there are no epileptiform discharges on the EEG and no all-encompassing slow-wave background abnormalities.

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy is also a common type of epilepsy, with a genetic background, and the age of onset is mainly concentrated in 8 to 22 years, with an average age of onset of 15 years. Rare for people under 8 years of age and over 22 years of age. There is no gender difference in the incidence of disease.

Clinical manifestations: 1Myoclonus:

2.Typical absence seizures. Most patients will have generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and a few cases have typical absence seizures, fatigue, sleep deprivation, and alcohol consumption are often obvious triggers, and EEG is characterized by bilateral multispinous slow waves or slow spike coincidence waves, which are avoided triggers.

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy is a more common idiopathic generalized epilepsy syndrome that usually begins between the ages of 12 and 18 years and has normal growth and development and neurological examination. The main clinical manifestations are myoclonic seizures shortly after awakening, more than 80% of pathologies have generalized forced-clonic seizures, and about one-third of pathologies have absence seizures. The interictal EEG is characterized by bilateral 4-6Hz spike-slow syndrome.

The disease responds well to medications**, but most patients need to receive long-term treatment**.

Epilepsy should start from the mechanism of seizures, common epilepsy methods include drugs, surgery, etc. Medications can control seizures by reducing brain excitability, but medications** generally require long-term medication and are also larger***. And not all people with epilepsy are candidates for surgery**.

Seizures are caused by abnormal firing of neurons, and seizures can only be avoided if the damaged neuronal cells are repaired.

With the development of medical science and technology, epilepsy is no longer a problem, epilepsy is no longer an incurable disease, epilepsy must be diagnosed through scientific and systematic epilepsy, check for epilepsy, according to the specific, use scientific methods for epilepsy, epilepsy is no longer a problem. The root cause of epilepsy is that the diagnosis is inaccurate and unscientific.

People often associate it with foaming at the mouth, falling to the ground and convulsing, but not all people with epilepsy experience this phenomenon. Seizures are varied, and many people with epilepsy have symptoms that are not as obvious as mentioned above, such as myoclonic seizures in people with epilepsy.

1. Myoclonic seizures are relatively common in children and adolescents with epilepsy, and mostly occur shortly after waking up in the morning;

2. During myoclonus, the patient can show sudden, rapid and powerful twitching of a certain part of the body, mainly caused by the sudden contraction of the muscles in these parts;

3. According to the tics of different parts, the patient can show a sudden nodding, bending or leaning back, or the whole body can suddenly lean back or fall to one side, and some patients can only show a little excitement;

4. When the patient falls down in myoclonic seizure, his hands will not help the ground, and there is generally no aura before the attack, so some patients will often bruise their forehead or jaw due to the sudden lowering of their head;

5. If the muscles of the limbs contract suddenly, it is often manifested as a sudden shaking of the limbs, and the things in the hands will also fall out;

6. When the patient has myoclonic seizures, he does not lose consciousness before and after the tic, and can stand up quickly after falling. Sometimes a myoclonus seizure is followed by a few seconds or minutes later, several times in a row, and in some patients it can be as many as dozens of seizures a day;

7. Myoclonus seizures are often combined with other types of seizures.

However, it should be noted that normal people may also have myoclonus, such as sudden shaking of limbs after falling asleep at night, and some even wake up due to sudden shaking, which is normal and physiological, and should be distinguished from epilepsy.

**Mainly genetic, about 40% of patients have a family history of epilepsy. It is inherited in a variety of ways. Most reports suggest that the gene is mapped to arm 6 (6q), but there are different results, and there may be two reasons for this:

One is the heterogeneity of patients, myoclonic seizures can also be seen in other patients with idiopathic epilepsy, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish between them in diagnosis; The second is genetic heterogeneity. It has been reported that the disease may be caused by gene mutations in more than one site.

The age of onset of symptoms was mainly concentrated in 8 to 22 years, and the average age of onset was 15 years. Rare for people under 8 years of age and over 22 years of age. There is no gender difference in the incidence of disease.

The first symptoms are often myoclonus shortly after waking up or a sudden and involuntary drop of an object in your hand shortly after waking up. Generalized tonic-clonic seizures occur in 85% of patients months or years after onset, and 10% of 15% have absence seizures.

Myoclonus without consciousness is the main symptom of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, characterized by transient, bilateral, symmetrical, synchronized, and rhythmic muscle contractions, commonly in the shoulders and arms, but also in the lower limbs, trunk, or head, and occasionally unilaterally. The frequency and intensity of myoclonic seizures vary greatly, and tics can be perceived only by the patient like a minor electric shock, or if the tics are more violent, they may also fall or fall to the ground. Myoclonus can occur in rapid succession or even progress to myoclonus.

Sometimes absence seizures precede myoclonus and generalized tonic-clonic seizures.

Although occasional intense myoclonic seizures may temporarily leave the patient in a state of confusion, the onset is generally conscious, neurologic development and intelligence are normal, and neuroimaging is normal. It usually does not resolve spontaneously and does not progressively deteriorate.