What are the metabolic characteristics of mature red blood cells in biochemistry?

Mature red blood cells not only do not have a nucleus, but also have no organelles such as microchondria and nucleoproteosomes, and cannot carry out nucleic acid and protein biosynthesis, aerobic oxidation, and fatty acids. Blood sugar is its only source of energy. Glucose uptake by red blood cells is facilitated by diffusion and is not dependent on insulin.

The metabolic pathways retained by mature erythrocytes are mainly glucose digestion and pentose phosphate pathway and monodiphosphoglycerate branch. These metabolisms provide energy and reducing power, as well as some important metabolites, which play an important role in maintaining the vital processes and normal physiological functions of mature red blood cells in the circulation, about 120.

The physiological significance of glucose catabolism in red blood cells is 1. As a reservoir of energy In red blood cells, although there is no glycogen store, a large amount of 2,3 dpg can be contingency. 2。

It is involved in the transport of oxygen in the blood and can regulate the transport of oxygen by hemoglobin and is an important regulator of the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin.

When the content of 2,3 dpg increases, the binding of hemoglobin increases, while the affinity with oxygen decreases, which is conducive to the release and utilization of oxygen in oxyhemoglobin in tissues, so the determination of 2,3 dpg content can be used to reflect the degree of hypoxia in the process of disease, blood storage and defects of some enzymes.

In pathological cases, this is one of the important compensatory factors for hypoxia-ischemia in the body.

Physiology Exam Questions:

The promise is "erythropoietin".

Because: the main factor that regulates the maturation of red blood cells is erythropoietin.

Correct answer: e

Analysis: The main humoral factor that regulates erythropoiesis is erythropoietin.

Erythropoietin, androgens, insulin.

Erythropoietin and androgens.

Cytotropin, androgens, glucocorticoids.

Erythropoietin, androgens are both.

Chapter 3 of the Book of Physiology.

Answer]: During the intracellular glycolysis process, 1,3-diphosphate glyceric acid (1,3-bpg) is converted into 3-phosphoglyceric acid by 2,3-bisphoglyceric acid (lead only 2,3-bpg), which is called 2,3-bpg bypass, which is a metabolic pathway that produces substances that regulate hemoglobin oxygen transport.

Mature erythrocytes have metabolic pathways such as anaerobic digestion of sugars, pentose phosphate pathway, lactate production reaction, etc.

Glycolysis is the process of decomposing glucose or glycogen into lactic acid under anaerobic or hypoxic conditions while producing a small amount of ATP, because this process is basically similar to the process of yeast fermenting glycoalcohol. The most important physiological function of carbohydrates is to provide the body with the energy needed for life activities, and sugar catabolism is the main way for organisms to obtain energy. There are three main pathways for the oxidative decomposition of sugars in living organisms, including anaerobic oxidation of sugars, aerobic oxidation of sugars and pentose phosphate pathways.

Among them, the anaerobic oxidation of sugar is also called glycolysis.

Answer]: Anaerobic digestion of B sugar refers to the process by which glucose is divided and decomposed under anaerobic conditions to produce lactic acid and release energy. Some special tissue cells in the body, such as mature red blood cells, have no mitochondria and are completely dependent on glycolysis for energy, so 1 question A is selected.

The phosphoric acid pentose pathway refers to the production of CO <> after oxidative decomposition from glucose-6-phosphate

Inorganic phosphoric acid and Nadph, the intermediate product has a variety of pentose phosphate, so it is called the pentose phosphate pathway, so 2 questions choose C. Mature red blood cells cannot undergo aerobic oxidation, so choose B for question 3. 2,3-DPG in red blood cells is a product of glycolysis process, which can bind to deoxygenated hemoglobin and reduce the affinity between hemoglobin and oxygen.

Answer]: A red blood cell lacks mitochondria and its energy mainly comes from glycolysis. The bypass energy base of 2,3-bisphosphoglyceric acid can regulate the oxygen transport function of the collapsed joint, which affects the oxygen pulsation and separation curve.

The physical judgment of ATP is mainly **-thin mask hunger and change the exhalation of the limbs.