What causes lumbar spinal stenosis?

There are many causes of lumbar spinal stenosis, which are as follows:

1. Structural abnormalities of the human body: for example, there are 5 normal lumbar vertebrae, but a small number of people have 6 lumbar vertebrae or 4 lumbar vertebrae, that is, lumbar sacralization or sacral lumboidization. Some patients are born with small spinal canal development and narrow spinal canal, so that they are subject to general abnormal stress and unhealthy living and working posture, which is easy to cause abnormal stress in the waist, resulting in bony hyperplasia and ligament thickening, and slight bony hyperplasia and ligament thickening are easy to cause lumbar spinal stenosis, and some people have no symptoms even if they have these hyperplasias and thickening;

2. Abnormal stress on the waist: if the waist is often affected by bending over to work, this frequent lumbar is affected by abnormal stress, and it is also easy to cause abnormal internal structure of the lumbar spinal canal. Such as facet joint hyperplasia, ligament thickening, thickening of the ligamentum flavum around the nerve, thickening of the ligamentum flavum around the nerve root, which can easily cause lumbar spinal stenosis, nerve foramen stenosis, and lateral recess stenosis;

3. Poor physical state, cold, waist muscles with fascia can cause edema, and the internal structure of the spinal canal can also cause edema, causing lumbar spinal stenosis;

4. Abnormal activities of the lumbar spine: for example, ganglion cysts can be formed around the ligaments and on the hands, and cysts around the ligaments can also be formed inside the lumbar side, and the small cysts that grow into them can cause the spatial range of the spinal canal to shrink and cause lumbar spinal stenosis.

First, the main **.

1. Developmental lumbar spinal stenosis: refers to spinal stenosis caused by abnormal development. In the absence of acquired compression, the patient has symptoms of cauda equina or nerve root compression.

2. Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: also known as acquired lumbar spinal stenosis. Lumbar spinal stenosis is mostly acquired, often occurring between the ages of 50 and 60.

The sagittal or transverse diameter of the spinal canal is reduced. This is due to aging, lumbar facet joint hyperplasia, lamina hypertrophy, ligamentum flavum thickening, intervertebral disc herniation, etc. Measurements of the spinal canal with a sagittal diameter of 10 to 15 mm should be considered relative stenosis, while those with less than 10 mm are considered absolute stenosis.

3. Comprehensive chromogen: lumbar spinal stenosis caused by congenital dysplasia and acquired aging.

4. Iatrogenic lumbar spinal stenosis: posterior fixation of the vertebral arch resection is performed for lumbar spine diseases, which can also cause lumbar spinal stenosis due to surgical reasons.

5. Spondylolisthesis lumbar spinal stenosis: when spondylolisthesis occurs due to the disconnection or degeneration of the lumbar isthmus, the spinal canal is further narrowed due to the anterior and posterior displacement of the upper and lower spinal canals, and the spondylolisthesis can promote degenerative changes and make the spinal stenosis more serious.

2. Predisposing factors.

1. Exercise: Excessive exercise can easily cause spinal stenosis.

2. Trauma: Spinal trauma causes spinal fracture or dislocation, compressing the intervertebral disc and causing stenosis.

3. Other factors: such as lumbar strain, etc.

1. Developmental lumbar spinal stenosis: This spinal stenosis is caused by congenital developmental abnormalities. Congenital spinal stenosis due to nutrition, trauma, etc.

Most people may not experience any symptoms at first, but after middle age, the signs and symptoms of spinal stenosis will appear due to some aging or damage to the spine. 2. Spinal stenosis caused by acquired factors: This is mainly caused by the degeneration of the spine

1) Herniated disc: When the disc is herniated, the herniated disc occupies the position of the lumen, resulting in spinal stenosis. (2) Hypertrophy of ligamentum flavum and posterior longitudinal ligament:

When the spine is degenerative and unstable, the stress of the ligamentum flavum and the posterior longitudinal ligament increases, which often leads to its degeneration or rupture, and the long-term injury and repair process will inevitably thicken the ligamentum flavum and the posterior longitudinal ligament, so the space of the spinal canal cavity will become smaller, resulting in spinal stenosis. (3) Facet joint hyperplasia: The so-called facet joint refers to the joint between two vertebral bodies.

The normal facet joint surface is cartilage, and it is relatively easy to move.

There are many reasons for lumbar spinal stenosis, but the main ones are the following. 1. Lumbar spinal stenosis caused by congenital factors. During the child's maternal development, it may lead to stenosis and deformity in the premature hall.

2. Lumbar spinal stenosis caused by developmental stage. The development of the inner diameter during growth and development is smaller, which will lead to lumbar spinal stenosis. 3. Secondary lumbar spinal stenosis.

Lumbar spinal stenosis is mainly caused by degeneration of the lumbar spine, which is associated with decreased stability after lumbar degeneration. The pathological basis of lumbar spinal stenosis includes lumbar disc degeneration and swelling, facet joint hyperplasia and adhesions, lumbar ligamentum flavum hyperplasia and hypertrophy, and the combined factors all develop into the spinal canal, resulting in symptoms such as shrinkage of neuraxial volume, nerve compression, swelling and pain of lower limbs, and intermittent claudication.

There are many reasons for the formation of lumbar spinal stenosis, part of which is congenital lumbar spinal stenosis, that is, from birth, the spinal canal is much narrower than that of normal people, so it is particularly prone to spinal stenosis.

Lumbar spinal stenosis is a series of clinical symptoms caused by the narrowing of the lumbar spinal canal due to bony or fibrous hyperplasia, as well as displacement and other factors, resulting in the narrowing of its luminal plane, compression of the cauda equina and nerve roots. There are several clinical causes of lumbar spinal stenosis:

1. Lumbar spinal stenosis caused by degenerative changes is the most common cause of lumbar spinal stenosis, which generally occurs after middle age.

Second, it is due to developmental spinal stenosis. The most common are congenital minor spinal canals, congenital isthmic nonunion and spondylolisthesis, and congenital spina bifida.

3. Lumbar spinal stenosis caused by some bone diseases and trauma, such as tuberculosis of the lumbar spine, purulent infection of the lumbar spine, lumbar tumor and lumbar intervertebral disc herniation, and fracture of the lumbar spine.

Fourth, there are also some iatrogenic spinal stenosis. It is due to trauma and bleeding caused by surgery in the lumbar spine, which can cause scar tissue growth in the spinal canal and stenosis caused by adhesions.

Developmental lumbar spinal stenosis is caused by congenital developmental abnormalities; Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis is mainly caused by degenerative changes in the human spine; Spondylolisthesis lumbar spinal stenosis is caused by spondylolisthesis due to nonunion or degeneration of the lumbar isthmus; Traumatic spinal stenosis is spinal stenosis caused by trauma to the spine.

Iatrogenic spinal stenosis: in addition to surgical errors and postoperative results, the spinal canal narrows and compresses the cauda equina nerve, causing lumbar spinal stenosis; Spinal stenosis can be caused by various inflammations of the lumbar spine, including specific or non-specific inflammation, new organisms in the spinal canal or on the wall of the tube; Various deformities such as senile hunchback, scoliosis, ankylosing spondylitis, Pastage's disease, and loose joints can cause lumbar spinal stenosis.

There are many causes of lumbar spinal stenosis, the most common ones are lumbar disc herniation, hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum, and hyperplasia of the facet joints. Lumbar spinal stenosis is a metamorphosis disease, and as we age, everyone may have a little bit of lumbar spinal stenosis. However, having lumbar spinal stenosis does not mean that there is lumbar spinal stenosis, and some people may just have this stenosis on imaging, but they often do not have any uncomfortable symptoms, and there is no intermittent claudication.

Therefore, if you do have lumbar spinal stenosis, you may also need to consult a specialist in the hospital to make a further diagnosis of your condition. The above content is for reference only, please refer to the doctor's face-to-face guidance for specific medication.

In the case of spinal stenosis, it will mostly cause low back pain, which is manifested as continuous dull pain and stretching pain, and individual patients will also have cramp-like pain in the lower back, and the pain is unbearable, such as sitting for a long time, or standing for a long time, or the symptoms will be aggravated after exertion, and it will also cause sciatica, intermittent claudication symptoms, etc.

When the early symptoms of lumbar spinal stenosis are mild, conservative treatment such as physiotherapy, exercise, traction, and massage are the mainstays, and some anti-inflammatory analgesics and nutritional neurodrugs are used at the same time.

Lumbar spinal stenosis often has a history of low back pain for many years, with pain in one or both lower extremities, worsening with standing or walking, and neurogenic intermittent claudication.

1. Typical symptoms.

1. Sciatica: When the spinal canal compresses the nerve roots, typical sciatica will appear, similar to lumbar disc herniation, and the pain in the lower limbs occurs gradually and is radioactive.

2. Neurogenic intermittent claudication: after the patient walks for a distance, the thigh is weak, and the patient is often forced to sit down, that is, intermittent claudication.

3. Cauda equina syndrome: When the spinal canal compresses the cauda equina nerve, perineal numbness, paresthesia in the sellar area, and some patients will have urinary and urinary disorders and sexual dysfunction.

4. Low back pain: low back pain is a symptom of most patients, patients often have low back pain for many years, and then the pain of one or both lower limbs is aggravated when standing or walking.

2. Other symptoms.

1. Pain and numbness in the lower limbs: sometimes there is pain and numbness in the lower legs.

2. Muscle atrophy: Some patients will have muscle atrophy of the lower limbs if they are unable to walk for a long time.