Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, the harm of immune hemolytic anemia

Rest General patients can move appropriately, excessive restriction of the body can promote secondary infection and osteoporosis of the patient, but never strenuous activity, should avoid excessive load, to prevent falls, bruises, depending on the specific situation to use waist circumference, splints, but to prevent poor blood circulation. If the patient's immune function is reduced due to long-term illness and comorbidities, bed rest should be taken and activities should be reduced. In the presence of bone destruction, absolute bed rest should be taken to prevent pathological fractures.

Dietary care Give a high-calorie, high-protein, vitamin-rich, easy-to-digest diet. Patients with renal insufficiency should be given a diet low in sodium, protein, or wheat starch to reduce the burden on the kidneys. If there is hyperuricemia and hypercalcemia, patients should be encouraged to drink more water and maintain a daily urine output of more than 2000ml to prevent or alleviate hypercalcemia and hyperuricemia.

Answer]: A hemolytic anemia erythroid generation excavation indemnity increases, reticulocytes are significantly increased, and red blood cell autoantibodies appear, Coombs test (+) is therefore selected.

Because anemia has the characteristics of wide circulation, not easy to detect, and not taken seriously; As a result, many people are unaware of the symptoms of anemia and may even be confused with other diseases. The following is the harm of immune hemolytic anemia that I recommend to you for your reference.

Hemoglobin abnormalities:

1) Structural abnormalities, such as sickle erythrocytic anemia.

2) Synthetic abnormalities, such as thalassemia.

Abnormalities of red blood cell membranes, such as hereditary globular polycythemia.

Defects in red blood cell metabolism, such as G6PD deficiency.

Antibody-mediated, such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

Microvascular hemolytic anemia, such as secondary to DIC or hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Anemia can also be classified according to the morphology of red blood cells, i.e., microcytic anemia, macrocytic anemia, or normal red cell anemia.

1) Support** Fatigue, infection, and drugs that can induce hemolysis should be avoided. In the case of a hemolytic crisis with acute or chronic hemolysis, attention should be paid to rehydration, alkalinization of urine, aggressive control of infection, and correction of acidosis and electrolyte abnormalities.

2) Correction of anemia Suspension red blood cells can be transfused when hemoglobin drops to half of the original during acute hemolysis or severe anemia caused by chronic hemolysis. In the case of immune poverty lysis, washed red blood cells should be transfused, and the amount of each transfusion should be 100ml, and the transfusion rate should be slow.

3)**** Hereditary spherocytosis can be treated with splenectomy; When there is an hereditary abnormality of red blood cell enzymes, blood transfusions can be given to replace fresh red blood cells; Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is available for globinogenesis dyspoietic anemia; In autoimmune hemolytic anemia, corticosteroids and high-dose gamma globulin** may be given.

Hemolytic anemia is a type of anemia that occurs when the destruction of red blood cells is accelerated and the hematopoietic function of the bone marrow is insufficiently compensated. According to the reasons for the shortening of the lifespan of red blood cells, they can be divided into:

1) Hemolytic anemia caused by intrinsic defects in red blood cells:

Defects in red blood cell membranes.

Defects in hemoglobin structure or production.

Defects in red blood cell enzymes.

2) Hemolytic anemia caused by external defects of red blood cells:

Usually acquired, red blood cells can be damaged by chemical, mechanical, or physical, biological, and immunological factors to cause hemolysis. Hemolysis can be intravascular or extravascular.

1. Goji berry pork bone broth.

500 grams of pork bones, 30 grams of wolfberry, 10 jujubes, stew with an appropriate amount of water, season with oil and salt, drink soup and eat wolfberry and jujube.

2. Tofu and pig blood soup.

The red blood cells of a normal human are about 6 9 m in diameter and have a strong deformation force, in the body they can pass through some narrow channels smaller than their diameter. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is caused by various reasons such as viral infection, taking drugs, abnormal proteins, etc., which make the human body produce autoantibodies and complement corresponding to these substances, which adsorb on the surface of red blood cells, so that the deformability of red blood cells is reduced or lost. As a result, when blood flows through the splenic sinuses of the spleen, red blood cells cannot pass through normally and are retained and destroyed by the spleen, resulting in chronic hemolytic anemia.

There are two main types.

1) The clinical manifestations of warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia vary from mild to severe. Most of the patients are female, regardless of age, and often have an enlarged spleen in addition to the common manifestations of anemia and hemolysis. 1 3 of these patients have jaundice and hepatomegaly, and a small number of people may have lymphadenopathy.

2) Cold agglutinin syndrome is mostly in middle-aged and elderly patients. In most patients, there is bruising of the ears, nose tip, fingers, and toes in cold environments, but this disappears once warmed. Except for anemia and jaundice, other symptoms are less common.

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, referred to as "autoimmune hemolysis", is one of the most common types of acquired hemolytic anemia, especially in young and middle-aged women.

1) There is no clear ** for primary autoimmune hemolytic anemia, which is reported in China.

2) Secondary autoimmune hemolytic anemia This kind of disease can be secondary to other diseases, such as patients with the following diseases, once there is unexplained **, scleral jaundice, anemia and other conditions, the disease should be considered.

1) Autoimmune diseases systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, ulcerative colitis, myasthenia gravis, autoimmune thyroiditis, hypogammaglobulinemia, dysglobulinemia, immune-related pure red blood cell aplastic anemia, autoimmune liver disease, etc.

2) Neoplastic diseases such as lymphoma, leukemia, plasma cell disease, histiocytosis, certain solid tumors, etc.

3) Infection with viral infection, mycoplasma pneumonia, tuberculosis, subacute bacterial endocarditis, syphilis, etc.

4) Drugs p-aminosalicylic acid, isoniazid, rifampicin, quinidine, quinine, phenacetin, aminopyrine, sulfonamides, chlorpromazine, chlorpropamide, etc.