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After the Tang and Song dynasties, it should be said that another theory of "three changes" was established. This new concept of "three changes" is also the three main points that illustrate the connotation of "reason, image, and number" in the post-Qin and Han dynasties and even in modern times. If we use the modern concept, "reason" is similar to the scope of philosophical thought, which is the principle of metaphysical and metaphysical change, change and invariance of life in the universe.
"Image" is the principle of seeking its change from all phenomena in the real world. "Number" is the mathematical theory under the form in the phenomenal world, deducing and deducing its change process, and knowing the causes and consequences of people and all things. Conversely, we can also understand the metaphysical primitive instinct through the inductive method of mathematics and physics.
Synthesizing the meaning of these three connotations, we can see that the study of "Yi" theory is philosophical. The study of "images" and "numbers" is scientific. All in all, the complete study of ease must be based on the science of "image" and "number" to reach the highest level of philosophy.
It does not belong to a pure philosophy of thought, but only infers everything by analogy from the thinking and concepts of the mind and consciousness.
The universe is unpredictable. Life encounters are full of conflicts. It is easy to learn the clear argument of "reason, image, and number".
In the Book of Rites: Interpretation of the Five Classics, when it comes to the purpose of Yi Xue, it says: "Clean and subtle, the teaching of Yi is also." The connotation of the so-called "clean and quiet" also has the role of scientific and thorough argumentation.
However, between the discerning and rational, if we do not enter the realm of easy learning from the cultivation of submersion and tranquility, if we go to the edge for a while, we will fall astray and fall into the magic obstacles. Therefore, in the "Commentary on the Scriptures", it is also said that the bias of easy learning is likely to "make people thieves".
From the essence of "reason, image, and number", it is easy to learn, starting from the two hexagrams of Qian and Kun, which are intricately overlapped and diffuse, and at first evolved from eight trigrams to sixty-four hexagrams. Following this and then deducing, layer by layer promotion, there will be countless and large, as large as infinite, as "subtle" as possible.
If we summarize the internal interaction of the hexagrams, we can understand the content of the 64 hexagrams, and only the 16 hexagrams such as Expertise, Kun, Fu, Zhu, Family, Guimei, Gradual, Ji, Jie, Jie, Jian, Yi, Daguo, Weiji, and Jiji appear four times in each hexagram.
Then from these sixteen hexagrams to find their internal interaction, there are only four hexagrams: Qian, Kun, Both, Ji, and Weiji, each of which appears sixteen times.
By analogy, we can see that between heaven and earth, in addition to the non-essential functions of Qian, Kun, Kan, and Li, which represent yin and yang, all the special principles or personnel outside the universe, no matter how ever-changing, are composed of the value of the concept of good and evil, and there are only two phenomena of "both good and unbeneficial".
From this, you can understand the realm of the best and true before the day is divided, and you can fully understand the spirit of "clean, quiet and subtle" of the great "Yi", and you can grasp the wonderful use of self-satisfaction.
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Easy is change, and the meridian is the method (or classic). That is, the Book of Changes (Book of Changes), which is a rigorous philosophical work that can be used for divination within the scope of science. It's just that it's very esoteric and difficult to understand, and there are a lot of far-fetched theories.
The Book of Changes is the oldest classic of Chinese culture. Orthodox scholars throughout the ages have praised it in many different languages, and generally speaking, they have praised it as the "head of the group scriptures" and paid supreme respect. On the contrary, it is considered that it is only an ancient book of divination, which is close to the false words of Wu Zhu, and it is insignificant.
It was only after Confucius's narration of "Zhou Yi", coupled with the fact that many scholars in the past dynasties had been chiseled and attached, that there was blind obedience and reverence in later generations. Moreover, in modern times, there have been many similar frivolous ridicules.
It is undeniable that the Book of Changes was originally the academic study of the ancient Bu Xiao, but on the occasion of Shang and Zhou, after the collation and annotation of King Wen, it was transferred from the scope of Bu Xiao to the academic field of "the occasion of heaven and man", and thus the book "Zhou Yi" became the foundation of Chinese humanistic culture. Since the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, it has been studied and narrated by Confucius, and at the same time it has become the source of hundreds of academic thoughts, which is an undeniable fact.
Therefore, if you want to study Chinese culture, whether it is Confucianism, Taoism, Mo and the hundred schools of thought in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, or even the Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism and other schools of thought after the Tang and Song Dynasties, if you do not study from the Book of Changes, you will have the general idea of forgetting your ancestors.
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In the history of our country, there have been three "Book of Changes", one is called "Lianshan Yi", one is called "Guizang Yi", and one is called "Zhou Yi". These three "I Ching" were used by the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, respectively, and are ancient classics that explain the changes in heaven and earth, and are profound dialectical philosophical books
The Book of Changes is known as the first of all scriptures and is the general program of traditional Chinese culture. It is an outstanding representative of Chinese culture; Vast and subtle, all-encompassing, it is also the source of Chinese civilization. Its content covers many fields such as philosophy, politics, life, literature, art, and science, and is a common classic of all schools.
The Book of Changes is not the Book of Changes
Many people mistakenly think that the Book of Changes is the Book of Changes, and the Book of Changes is the Book of Changes. In fact, this view is wrong, simply put, the difference between Zhou Yi and I Ching is the difference in subordination, and the Book of Changes contains Zhou Yi.
Regarding the "Three Changes", "Zhou Li, Chunguan Dabu" says: "The method of holding the three changes, one is called Lianshan, the second is to return to Tibet, and the third is to Zhou Yi." "The Book of Changes has "Three Changes", including "Lianshan", "Returning to Tibet" and "Zhou Yi".
According to Nan Huaijin, the difference between Zhou Yi and I Ching is that "Zhou Yi" is said to be the conclusion made by King Wen of Zhou when he studied "I Ching" when he was in prison. Part of our Confucian culture began to develop after King Wen wrote this "Zhou Yi".
Therefore, the sayings of the hundred schools of thought all originate from these hexagrams drawn in the Book of Changes. In fact, the I Ching has three changes. 1. "Lianshan Yi", 2. "Returning to Tibet", 3. "Zhou Yi".
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One yin and one yang is the Tao", the reason why I Ching is named with "Yi" is because I Ching is the study of yin and yang, and the word "Yi" itself is a synthesis of yin and yang. The word "Yi" has a total of eight strokes, corresponding to the eight trigrams, it is composed of the words "day" and "month", "day" is yang, day, "month" is yin, night, yang is above, yin is below, highly summarizes the basic principles of the Book of Changes.
From the content point of view, the I Ching involves all aspects of the universe, all-encompassing, and the two stars of "sun" and "vertical spring moon" are the symbols of the universe and have the closest relationship with human beings, which shows how great our ancestors were. There is a cloud in the Book of Changes: "Yi has Taiji, and the first birth is two."
Two rituals give birth to four elephants, and four elephants give birth to gossip". This sentence shows that the cosmology of the ancient Chinese believed that the original world was a point of chaos, that is, Taiji, and later, under the interaction of the two forces of yin and yang, four basic phenomena were gradually born, namely, less yin, less yang, and the sun, which correspond to the east, south, west, and north respectively, and the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn, and winter. These four images have developed into eight basic hexagrams, namely Qian, Kun, Kan, Li, Zhen, Gen, Xun, and Dui.
By observing and analyzing the information on the growth and decline of yin and yang, people can find out the general laws of the movement of all things in the universe. King Wen of Zhou deduced the sixty-four hexagrams after overlapping the eight trigrams, and gave specific hexagrams and epigrams to explain the laws of the development and change of things in the universe in more detail.
Confucius inherited and developed the theory of the Book of Changes, raised the Zhou Yi to the height of philosophy, and was regarded as a magic weapon for governing the country by the ruling class of successive dynasties, becoming a veritable first classic of China.
The reason why the Chinese nation has not been wiped out by catastrophes like many ancient civilizations in the world, but has been able to continue to grow and develop for 5,000 years, is closely related to our grasp of the idea of easy learning. It is precisely because we have inherited the idea of yin and yang echoing, rigidity and softness in the Chinese culture of easy learning, that we can continue to strive for self-improvement, be virtuous, and pass on the seeds of civilization from generation to generation.
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