How should a computer CPU be judged to be good or bad? Quality? I m a newbie, so please help me with

The main performance indicators of CPU are: 1Main frequency, frequency doubling, external frequency:

The clock frequency is the clock speed of the CPU, that is, the operating frequency of the system bus. Generally speaking, the higher the frequency, the faster the CPU. Due to the different internal structures, not all CPUs with the same clock frequency perform the same.

The external frequency is the working frequency of the system bus; The frequency doubling refers to the multiple of the difference between the CPU external frequency and the main frequency. The relationship between the three is: main frequency = external frequency x frequency doubling.

2.Memory-bus speed: Refers to the speed of communication between the CPU and L2 cache and memory.

3.Expansion-Bus Speed: Refers to the working speed of a local bus installed on a microcomputer system, such as a VESA or PCI bus interface card.

4.Supply Voltage: The voltage required for the CPU to work properly.

In the early days, the working voltage of the CPU was generally 5V, and with the increase of the CPU frequency, the CPU working voltage had a gradual downward trend to solve the problem of excessive heating. 5.Address Bus Width:

The address bus width determines the physical address space that the CPU can access, and for microcomputer systems above 486, the width of the address line is 32 bits, and the maximum physical space can be directly accessed is 4096 MB. 6.Data Bus Width:

The width of the data bus determines the amount of information transferred at one time between the CPU and the L2 cache, memory, and input and output devices. 7.Built-in co-processor:

CPUs with built-in coprocessors can speed up certain types of numerical calculations, and some software systems that require complex calculations, such as older versions of Auto CAD, require coprocessor support. 8.Excess scalar:

This means that the CPU can execute more than one instruction in a clock cycle. CPUs above Pentium level have a superscalar structure; CPUs below 486 belong to a low-scalar structure, that is, it takes at least one or more clock cycles to execute an instruction in this type of CPU. The cache is the L1 cache

The built-in cache can improve the efficiency of the CPU, which is why the 486DLC is faster than the 386DX-40. The capacity and structure of the built-in L1 cache has a significant impact on CPU performance, which is why some companies strive to increase the capacity of L1 cache memory. However, the cache memory is composed of static RAM, and the structure is complex, and the capacity of the L1 cache cannot be too large when the CPU die area is not too large.

10.Cache with a write-back structure: It is fast and valid for both read and write operations.

Caches with a write-through structure are only valid for read operations.

Main frequency, multiplier, external frequency L1 L2 cache The higher these are, the better.

First: Check the main frequency, which is the clock frequency of the CPU, which is simply the working frequency of the CPU during operation. The higher the frequency, the more instructions can be completed in a clock cycle, and of course, the faster the CPU.

Second: check the memory bus speed, the data we put on the external memory must pass through the memory, and then enter the CPU for processing. Memory bus speed refers to the speed at which the CPU communicates with L2 cache and memory.

Third: check the speed of the expansion bus, the expansion bus refers to the local bus installed on the microcomputer system such as VESA or PCI bus, and the expansion slot in the computer is the bridge between the CPU and these external devices.

Introducing: CPU

CPU is the first processor, which is one of the main equipment of electronic computers and the core accessories in computers. Its function is mainly to interpret computer instructions and process data in computer software. The CPU is responsible for reading the instructions, decoding the instructions, and executing the core components of the instructions.

Control Unit: The control component is mainly responsible for decoding instructions and sending control signals for each operation to be performed to complete each instruction. There are two types of structures:

One is the microprogram control mode with micromemory as the core; One is the control mode based on the logical hard wiring structure. Microcode is maintained in micromemory, and each microcode corresponds to one of the most basic microoperations, also known as microinstructions; Each instruction is composed of different sequences of microcode, and this sequence of microcodes constitutes a microprogram.

Expand; The external frequency is the base frequency of the CPU, and the unit of the external frequency determines the running speed of the entire motherboard. In layman's terms, in desktops, the overclocking is the external frequency of the super CPU, and I believe this is well understood. But for server CPUs, overclocking is absolutely not allowed.

As mentioned earlier, the CPU determines the running speed of the motherboard, and the two run synchronously, if the server CPU is overclocked and the external frequency is changed, asynchronous operation will occur, which will cause the instability of the entire server system.

There are many methods, but it is difficult to judge just by looking at the appearance, so let's tell you a few of the more commonly used methods.

1.Replacement method: As the name suggests, it is to replace the CPU that needs to be judged with a good CPU, and if it can be started normally after replacement, it can be said that the CPU that needs to be judged has been broken (this method is generally used in repair shops).

2.Use the diagnostic card: there is a thing called the motherboard diagnostic card on the market, plugged into the PCI expansion interface of the motherboard, the fault information can be read out in the diagnostic card at startup, divided into **type and text type, **type is the LED display display on the diagnostic card**, the fault result can be obtained by querying the **manual, the text type is to directly display the fault result on the LED display screen on the diagnostic card, which is easy to read (the text type is more expensive than the **type, but it will not exceed 100 yuan, It can be used by both repair shops and home users).

3.Alarm sound identification: It is to infer the damage of the hardware by the alarm frequency of the buzzer on the motherboard, and the fault indicated by the corresponding frequency is written on the motherboard manual.

It's U and card, and the motherboard is what others use.

Core architecture, number of cores L1 cache L2 cache L3 cache Running frequency.

The impact of the core architecture on performance is decisive. Only the same architecture is convenient to use other parameters to compare, the remaining parameters, generally more, the larger, the higher the better, different architectures can not be compared in this way.

As for the quality of the CPU, stable use is good. Please pay attention to the accuracy of the language. When you say good or bad, do you mean how strong or weak the performance is?

But not everyone has to be equipped with a platform of 10,000 yuan. Core i7 980x is extremely performant, but 6000-8000**, a few people buy.

In practice, it depends on what grade of CPU is needed, and which is the best CPU of this grade. This is best, including, the cost of the matching motherboard and the CPU performance, i.e. the cost performance. as well as stability, heat generation, power consumption, and other conditions.