Who defines the architecture of a modern computer?

I haven't really heard of this. 5555555

The computer structure was proposed by von Neumann. The sliding structure of computer system refers to the general term of computer theory components and basic working principles and theories divided according to different attributes and functions. Among them, the theoretical components of computer are not only linked to a certain actual hardware, such as the storage part includes registers, memory, hard disks, etc.

Von Neumann structure:

The von Neumann structure, also known as the Princeton structure, is a memory structure that combines program instruction memory and data memory. The program instruction storage address and the data storage address point to different physical locations of the same memory, so the program instruction and data width are the same, such as the program instruction and data of Intel's 8086** processor are both 16 bits wide.

The mathematician von Neumann proposed three basic principles of computer fabrication, namely the use of binary logic, program storage execution, and the wide blind computer consists of five parts (combinator, controller, memory, input device, output device), which is known as the von Neumann architecture.

The main features are:

The structure of the single-letter Qiaoxing processor, the machine is centered on the combinator; Adopt the idea of program storage; Instructions can be used in the same way as data; The data is represented in binary; Complete separation of software and hardware; Instructions consist of opcodes and operands; Instructions are executed sequentially.

The structure of a modern computer is made up as follows:

1. Processor (CPU).

**The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is a very large-scale integrated circuit, which is the computing core and control unit of a computer. Its function is mainly to interpret computer instructions as well as process data in computer software.

2. Memory (main memory, internal memory).

Memory is one of the most important components of a computer, and it is the bridge that communicates with the CPU. All programs in a computer run in memory, which is used to temporarily store computing data in the CPU and exchange data with external memory such as hard disks. As long as the computer is running, the CPU will transfer the data that needs to be calculated to the memory for the number difference hall operation, and when the calculation is completed, the CPU will send the result out.

3. Motherboard

Motherboard, also known as mainboard, systemboard, or motherboard. It is divided into two types: commercial motherboards and industrial motherboards. It is installed in the chassis and is one of the most basic and important components of the microcomputer.

The motherboard is generally a rectangular circuit board, on which the main circuit system of the computer is installed, generally there are BIOS chips, IO control chips, key and panel control switch interfaces, indicator plugs, expansion slots, DC power supply connectors of the motherboard and plug-in cards and other components.

Fourth, the graphics card

Video card, graphics card, also known as graphics card, is one of the most basic configuration and most important accessories of a computer. As an important part of the computer, the graphics card is a device for the computer to convert digital-to-analog signals, and undertakes the task of outputting and displaying graphics. The graphics card is connected to the motherboard of the computer, which converts the digital signal of the computer into an analog signal for the display of the display, and the graphics card still has image processing capabilities, which can assist the CPU to work and improve the overall running speed.

5. Hard disk

The hard disk is one of the main storage media of the computer, which is composed of one or more discs made of aluminum or glass. The disc is covered with a ferromagnetic material. Hard disks include solid-state drives (SSD disks, modern hard disks), mechanical hard disks (HDD traditional hard disks), and hybrid hard disks (HHD is a new hard disk based on traditional mechanical hard disks).

SSD uses flash memory particles for storage, HDD uses magnetic disks for storage, and hybrid hard disk (HHD) is a kind of hard disk that integrates magnetic hard disk and flash memory. The vast majority of hard drives are fixed hard drives that are permanently sealed and fixed in the hard drive.

Computer system architecture refers to the way computer hardware and software are organized and interacted with each other and the relationships between them. It deals with the functionality of the individual components in a computer system, how they are connected, how they are transmitted, how they are transmitted, and the overall design principles and architecture.

The definition of computer system architecture includes the following key points:

1. Hardware components: The structure of a computer system describes the organization and function of computer hardware components. This includes processors (CPUs), memory (memory), input/output devices, bus systems, and more.

2. Software components: The computer system structure also considers the software components in the computer system. This includes operating systems, application software, and programming interfaces.

3. Data flow and control: The computer system structure defines the flow mode and path of data in the computer system, as well as the control relationship between various components. It specifies the process of executing instructions, the transmission path of data, and the processing of data.

4. Performance and efficiency: The design of the computer system structure also pays attention to the performance and efficiency of the system. It's about how to optimize the interaction between hardware and software to improve the speed, throughput, and response time of a computer system.

5. Abstraction level: The computer system structure can be divided into multiple abstraction levels, such as instruction set architecture, microarchitecture, and logical design. Each level has its own unique features and associated design solutions.

In general, computer system architecture defines the components of a computer system, how they are connected to each other, and how they interact, taking into account factors such as performance, efficiency, and level of abstraction. It is the basis for the design and implementation of computer systems, and determines the functionality and implementation of computer systems.

Application of theories and principles of computer system architecture

1. Computer system design: Computer system architecture provides guiding principles and frameworks for the design of computer systems. It helps system designers determine how computer hardware and software components function, connect, and interact to meet specific needs and performance requirements.

2. Instruction set architecture design: Instruction set architecture (ISA) is an important part of computer architecture, which defines the regulations for the interaction between computer processors and software. The concepts and principles of computer system architecture play a key role in the design of instruction set architecture, influencing the design of the instruction set and the functionality of the processor.

3. Performance optimization: The design of the computer system structure can optimize the performance of the computer system. Through reasonable hardware configuration, data transmission paths, and control strategies, the operating speed, response time, and throughput of the system can be improved.

Performance optimization is one of the important goals of computer system architecture design.

4. Parallel computing: Computer system architecture is very important for the realization of parallel computing and multi-processor systems. It involves how to effectively utilize multiple processors for task division, data transfer, and synchronization control to improve computing performance and system scalability.

1. The computer system consists of two parts: computer hardware and software.

2. Hardware includes processing machines, memory and external equipment, etc.;

3. Software is the running program and corresponding documents of the computer.

4. The computer system has the functions of receiving and storing information, quickly calculating and judging according to the program and outputting the processing results.

5. Hardware is the material basis of the computer system, and it cannot be a computer without hardware;

6. Software is the language of the computer, and without the support of the soft world, the slag computer cannot be used. Computer hardware includes processors, storage, and peripherals.