What are the symptoms of having stones in the kidneys?

Kidney stones can be divided into calcium oxalate stones, calcium carbonate stones, urate stones, cystine stones and other classifications according to their composition.

Kidney stones, also known as kidney crystals and kidney bone spurs, are a solid substance that forms in the kidneys, usually from chemicals precipitated in the urine. Kidney stones can cause severe lower back pain, urinary tract discomfort and other symptoms, and in severe cases, may even lead to kidney damage.

The formation of kidney stones is related to a variety of factors, including dietary habits, lifestyle, genetic factors, metabolic status in the body, etc. Common types of kidney stones include calcium oxalate stones, ammonium oxalate stones, calcium phosphate stones, uric acid stones, cystine stones, etc.

The symptoms of kidney stones usually manifest as sudden, severe low back pain, which may be accompanied by abdominal or lower abdominal pain, frequent urination, urgency, burning sensation in the urethra, and blood in the urine. The size and location of kidney stones determine their symptoms and the manner in which they occur, with smaller stones likely to pass through the urinary tract on their own, while larger stones may require medical intervention such as medications**, urinary tract dilation, vibratory lithotripsy, laparoscopic or open surgery, etc.

Ways to prevent kidney stones include maintaining adequate water intake, following a healthy diet, reducing a diet high in oxalate, cholesterol, and salt, moderately controlling protein and calcium intake, avoiding over-reliance on vitamin and mineral supplements, maintaining a moderate weight and physical activity level, and getting regular doctor-recommended check-ups.

If you suspect that you have kidney stones or related symptoms, you should seek medical attention in time and receive diagnosis and advice from a professional doctor. Kidney stones** should be customized for individual circumstances, follow your doctor's advice and prescribed medications, and do not self-medicate.

Content. Kidney stones are common clinical diseases, and there are many pathogenic causes, the main types are calcium oxalate stones, urate stones and cysteine stones, and their clinical symptoms are mainly as follows:

1. Low back pain and renal colic: some patients have severe pain, and it is recommended to undergo ultrasound examination in time to find stones;

2. Hematuria: It may be gross hematuria, that is, the patient finds bright red urine when going to the toilet, or it may be normal urine, and red blood cells are found under the microscope.

If the patient has the above symptoms, he should go to a regular hospital for examination and ** in time to avoid causing serious diseases or even obstruction leading to renal failure.

Smaller stones usually have no symptoms, and larger stones can cause kidney colic, especially if the stone blocks the ureters, which can be intense. Renal colic: This is the most common symptom of kidney stones.

The pain occurs in the lower abdomen and may spread to the back and groin. The pain is intense and usually lasts 20 to 60 minutes. Because the pain is severe, nausea and vomiting may be triggered.

Hematuria: Most patients have gross hematuria or microscopic hematuria, once the test is detected, it is recommended to drink the stone tea It can be used to expel stones, don't wait until it's serious and then regret it!

How to spot kidney stones?

Urinalysis. Patients with kidney stones are found to have red blood cells, crystalluria, and white blood cells. B-ultrasound. B-ultrasound can show the special sound and shadow of stones, and can also evaluate the hydronephrosis caused by kidney stones, and can also detect stones that cannot be shown by X-ray. X-rays.

1. Plain Urinary tract radiograph: Plain Urinary tract X-ray is the most basic method for diagnosing urinary tract stones. Based on the opaque X-ray opacity of the renal area, the diagnosis of the presence or absence of stones can be preliminarily obtained.

2. Intravenous urography: in addition to the relationship between opaque X-ray shadow and the urinary tract on plain X-ray radiograph, it can also be seen that the upper urinary tract on the affected side develops slowly; enlarged renal shadow; Find out about hydronephrosis.

3. CT examination: Not all urolithiasis patients need to undergo CT examination. CT scan can show kidney size, contour, kidney stones, hydronephrosis, and distinguish between kidney cysts and hydronephrosis.

1.Asymptomatic Most of them are calyceal stones, and when the physical examination is done on ultrasonography, the urine test is negative or there are a small number of red and white blood cells.

2.Dull pain in the lower back is mostly large stones in the renal pelvis, such as cast stones, and hematuria may occur after strenuous exercise.

3.Renal colic is usually a small stone with microscopic or gross hematuria, and obvious percussion pain in the renal area. When the pain occurs, the patient is pale, cold sweat all over the body, has a rapid and weak pulse and even a drop in blood pressure, and is often accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and abdominal distention.

4.History of expulsion of stones During episodes of pain and hematuria, there may be grains of sand or small stones that pass with the urine. When the stone passes through the urethra, there is a blockage of the urine stream and a tingling pain in the urethra, and the urine flow returns to smooth immediately after the stone is discharged, and the patient feels relaxed and comfortable.

5.Symptoms of infection Pyuria may occur when co-infected, and chills, fever, low back pain, urinary frequency, urgency, and dysuria may occur in acute attacks.

6.Renal insufficiency Kidney stones on one side cause obstruction, which can cause hydronephrosis and progressive renal dysfunction on that side; Bilateral or solitary nephrolithiasis cause obstruction and can progress to uremia.

7.Urinary obstruction Urinary closure can occur with bilateral nephrolithiasis causing urinary tract obstruction on both sides, isolated kidneys, or only functioning nephrolithiasis, obstruction by nephrolithiasis on one side, and reflex urinary obstruction on the contralateral side.

8.Lumbar mass When severe hydronephrosis is caused by stone obstruction, a mass can be palpated in the lower back or upper abdomen.