Clean rooms are classified by purpose which can be divided into two categories .

It mainly controls the contamination of working objects by living particles (bacteria) and inanimate particles (dust). It can be divided into; a. The general biological ultra-clean room mainly controls the pollution of microbial (bacteria) objects. At the same time, its internal materials should be able to withstand the erosion of various sterilants, and the internal pressure is generally guaranteed.

In essence, the internal materials should be able to withstand various sterilization treatments in an industrial clean room. Example: pharmaceutical industry, hospital (operating room, sterile ward) food, cosmetics, beverage product production, animal laboratory, physical and chemical laboratory, blood bank, etc.

b. Biological safety clean room: mainly controls the pollution of living particles to the outside world and people by the working object. The interior should be kept under negative pressure with the atmosphere. Examples: Bacteriology, Biology, Clean Laboratory, Matter Engineering (Recombinant Genes, Vaccine Preparation).

Principles and characteristics of turbulent ultra-clean rooms on the 8th floor.

1. Definition: The definition of turbulent clean room is that the air flow is at an uneven velocity, does not flow parallelly, and is accompanied by backflow or vortex.

2. Principle: The turbulent ultra-clean room relies on the air supply airflow to continuously dilute the indoor air, and gradually dilute the polluted air to achieve cleanliness (the turbulent ultra-clean room is generally designed at the purification level of more than 1,000 to 300,000).

3. Characteristics: The turbulent ultra-clean room relies on multiple air exchanges to achieve cleanliness and cleanliness level. The number of air changes determines the level of purification in the definition (the more air changes, the higher the level of purification).

1) Self-cleaning time: refers to the time when the air supply starts to be supplied to the ultra-clean room according to the designed number of air exchanges, and the indoor dust concentration reaches the designed purification level. 1,000 class should not exceed 20 minutes (min) (15 minutes can be calculated) 10,000 class should not exceed 30 minutes (min) (25 minutes can be calculated) 100,000 class should not exceed 40 minutes (min) (30 minutes can be calculated).

2) The number of air changes (designed according to the above self-cleaning time requirements) 1,000 hours (specification: 50 hours) 10,000 hours (specification: 25 hours) 100,000 hours (specification:

15 hours of time).

The ultra-clean room can also be called the clean room, we all know that the clean room is divided into industrial clean room and biological clean room, so what is the difference between the two?

First of all, the object of study is different. The industrial clean room generally studies the pollution caused by dust particles, while the biological clean room studies microorganisms, bacteria, etc., which will continue to grow and multiply, produce metabolites, feces, etc., and induce secondary pollution.

Secondly, the control methods and purification measures of the two are different. Industrial clean rooms mainly control the concentration of harmful particles of different specifications through primary, intermediate, high-efficiency, ultra-high-efficiency filters and chemical filters. The biological clean room is mainly to control the reproduction, propagation, and metabolism of microorganisms by removing the environment in which microorganisms grow.

Third, the harm to the production process is different. In the industrial clean room, dust particles of different specifications will cause great damage to the product and seriously affect the yield rate. In the biological clean room, harmful microorganisms will only form a hazard after reaching a certain concentration.

Fourth, the materials used to build the clean room are different. The materials of the industrial clean room, including walls, roofs and floors, are non-dust-producing, dust-free, easy to clean and friction-resistant. All materials in the biological clean room should be water-resistant and corrosion-resistant, which is not conducive to the reproduction of microorganisms.

Fifth, there are different ways of controlling the entry of people and goods. In the industrial clean room, people need to change into dust-free shoes, dust-free clothes, wear masks, and gloves before entering the clean room, and blow through the air shower room. The goods should be cleaned, wiped, and entered the clean room through the transfer window or cargo shower.

In the biological clean room, personnel also need to change dust-free shoes and dust-free clothing when entering, and at the same time have to go through showers and sterilization. When the goods enter, they should be wiped, cleaned and sterilized.

Sixth, the detection methods are different. In industrial clean rooms, the concentration of dust particles, i.e. cleanliness, can be detected by a particle counter and the results are immediately available. In the biological clean room, microbial detection cannot be detected immediately, but requires 48 hours of incubation to read the number of colonies.

Countries around the world have their own rules and regulations, but the United States Federal Standard 209 is generally used, and the following only introduces and compares the standards of 209D and 209E with those formulated by other countries in the world.

The biggest difference between 209e and 209d is that the 209e unit has increased the metric unit, and the clean room grade is represented by m, such as m1, and so on, with the standardization of international metric units, the Arabic numerals after the m letter are expressed to the power of 10 in the number of dust particles in each cubic meter = to the power of 10, and the exponent is taken as it, if the number of dust particles is between the two complete powers before and after, then it is5….Denote.

The U.S. federal standard FS 209D is measured in the imperial system per cubic foot, while Japan uses the metric system, that is, in units of cubic meters, the standard is used to count fine particles. The notation of the Japanese standard is class 1, class 2, class 3 ......Class 8 means that the best grade is class 1 and the worst is class 8, which is obtained by taking the power of 10 beam chain squares in the total number of dust particles per cubic meter, and taking its exponent.

(1) Combined purification air-conditioning unit.

2) Clean air supply pipe.

3) Clean return air pipe.

4) Air supply static pressure box.

5) High-efficiency filter.

6) Porous diffusion plate.

7) Clean room ceiling.

8) Ultra-clean partition.

9), louver return air outlet.

10) New air outlet.