What do companies need to consider when raising funds?

Consider this: if an enterprise wants to control the financing risk through financial decision-making and management, then choosing the right financing method is the basis for controlling the financing risk of the enterprise, then they must first put the choice of financing method in the first place, because choosing the right financing method is the basis for controlling the financing risk of the enterprise. There are two types of financing for enterprises: sovereign financing (where the investor holds the property or equity of the enterprise) and debt financing (where the investor only maintains a debt relationship with the enterprise).

In general, the risks of sovereign financing are less than those of debt financing. In order to avoid financing risks, we should find out as many financing options as possible for a financing project, and then analyze and compare each one to determine its advantages and disadvantages. The criteria for comparison were the safety, feasibility and economics of the scheme.

The security of the scheme refers to the impact of the financing risk on the financing target and project construction when financing is carried out according to the financing plan. The feasibility of the plan refers to whether there are problems in the best channels selected for the financing plan, especially the foreign-related financing and the best financing strictly controlled by the state. The economics of this option mean that the lower the combined cost of capital ratio, the better.

The safety, feasibility and economy of the scheme can be divided into four levels of ABCD, and the evaluation content is as follows: safety evaluation of enterprise financing plan 1. Class**:

This means that the financing option is very risky. The main risks of financing, such as interest rate risk, have been adjusted and basically eliminated, and the credit rating of investors is higher; The financial institution that bears the financing has a higher credit rating and bears part of the financing risk. The likelihood of losses from accidents is very small throughout the financing process.

Level B security: i.e. the financing option is less risky. After the adjustment, the financing risk has been reduced, but it has not been completely eliminated.

The reputation of the investor is high, and the reputation of the entrusting institution is low. Throughout the financing process, there is little possibility of loss due to accidents. Security Level C:

Financing options are risky. The financing risk has not been eliminated after adjustment, the reputation of investors is low, and financial institutions do not entrust financing business. The entire financing process was severely affected by external accidents.

Security level: Refers to the high risk of the financing plan. The financing risk has not been adjusted, the credit of investors is very low, and no financial institution undertakes the entrusted financing business.

The entire financing process can fail due to accidents. Feasibility evaluation of corporate financing schemes. Feasibility level a:

Funding is available, and all funding channels are committed by investors. Feasibility B: The funds are basically implemented, and the investor's commitment amount shall not be less than 90% of the total amount of financing.

Feasibility level C: The funds have not been implemented, and the investor's commitment amount accounts for 80% to 90% of the total amount of financing. At present, the feasibility of this option is poor.

Feasibility D: If the funds are not implemented, the amount committed by the financier is less than 80% of the total amount of financing. This financing option is not viable.

Economic evaluation of corporate financing options1. Economy Class A: The financing cost is very low, and the comprehensive financing cost is more than 30% lower than the bank loan market interest rate in the same period.

Friend, there are many questions to consider. Here are a few of the main ones:

1. Financing costs. Consider the cost of financing through the issuance of ** bonds, bank loans, etc.;

2. Self-profitability. The quality of profitability is a key factor that banks attach great importance to when approving loans;

3. Accounts receivable of the enterprise, etc., good cash flow ensures timely repayment;

4. Guarantee conditions, guarantee of affiliated enterprises, possibility of using self-owned assets as collateral, use of self-owned bills, certificates of deposit and other rights certificates as collateral, etc.

5. Full prediction and assessment of financing risks.

Hello, the resolution is as follows:'

Financing is difficult and costly. First, there is limited financing space. First, there is very limited space for direct financing.

Because China's capital market is still in its infancy, there are very strict restrictions on the issuance of enterprises to be listed, and only enterprises that have reached a certain scale are likely to enter the market, and small and medium-sized enterprises cannot use the market to raise funds. Second, there are also certain difficulties in indirect financing. On the one hand, it is difficult for small and medium-sized enterprises to get loans from banks; On the other hand, the credit funds provided to small and medium-sized enterprises are unevenly distributed among enterprises under different forms of ownership, and the credit support for small and medium-sized enterprises in the non-public economy is very small.

Second, the funds are insufficient. After the reform of the commercial banking system, the authority of fixed asset investment loans has been raised, and the total amount of working capital is insufficient. After the implementation of asset-liability ratio management, the loan gap has increased. Third, it is difficult to guarantee mortgages.

Banks only accept real estate such as land and real estate as collateral, and many small and medium-sized enterprises are mostly leased and operated, so there is no asset mortgage; There are few guarantee agencies for small and medium-sized enterprises, and the guarantee varieties are single. Fourth, some enterprises have poor integrity. By the end of 2001, 1,108 financial institutions in Deyang City had failed to implement their bank debts, involving loan principal and interest of 100 million yuan; A total of 1,132 enterprises in Mianyang City have evaded bank debts, involving loan principal of 100 million yuan and interest of 100 million yuan.

Fifth, the cost of borrowing is high. According to calculations, a loan of 1 million yuan will only cost about 3% of the various expenses such as assessment, registration, notarization, insurance, etc., and if the normal interest expenses and other financing financial expenses of the enterprise are added, the financing cost of the enterprise will reach more than 12%.

Hope it helps! Give a good review, thank you!

Equity pledges, bank mortgages, secondary market financing, etc.

Main way:

1. Borrowing (loans).

Enterprises can borrow money from banks and non-financial institutions to meet the needs of mergers and acquisitions. This method is simple, the company can obtain the required funds in a short time, and the confidentiality is also very good. However, enterprises need to bear fixed interest, and must repay the principal and interest when due, and if the enterprise cannot reasonably arrange the loan repayment funds, it will cause the deterioration of the company's financial situation.

2. Issuance of bonds.

Bonds are valuable for a company to raise capital, issue it in accordance with legal procedures, and assume the obligation to pay a certain amount of interest and repay the principal within a specified period of time. This method has a lot in common with borrowing, but bond financing is more extensive, and there is more room for raising funds.

3. Issuance**.

1) Common stock financing.

Common shares are the most basic and dominant shares in the capital structure of a joint-stock company. Common shares do not require principal repayment, and dividends do not need to be paid in regular and fixed amounts like borrowings and bonds, so the risk is low. However, raising funds in this way would lead to the dispersion of control of the original shareholders.

2) Preferred share financing.

Preferred stock combines the advantages of debt and common stock without the pressure of repayment at maturity and without the need to worry about the dispersion of shareholder control. However, the after-tax cost of capital is higher than the after-tax cost of debt, and although the preferred shareholders bear a considerable proportion of the risk, they can only obtain a fixed return, so the issuance effect is not as good as that of bonds.

3) Convertible financing.

Convertible** refers to bonds or preferred shares that can be converted into common shares by holders. Convertible bonds generally have a lower cost because they have the interest of converting into common shares, and after the convertible bonds are converted into ordinary shares at maturity, the enterprise does not have to repay the principal and obtains long-term capital. However, this approach may lead to a dispersion of control of the company, and the company will suffer financial losses if it rises sharply after maturity and rises higher than the conversion.

4) Share option financing.

A warrant is a long-term option issued by a company, allowing the holder to issue a specific number of long-term bonds, which are generally issued with the company's long-term bonds, in order to attract investors to buy long-term bonds with interest rates lower than the normal level, and in addition, during the financial tightening period and when the company is on the verge of a crisis of confidence, investors are given a kind of compensation to encourage investors to buy the company's bonds, and the difference between convertible bonds and convertible bonds is that convertible bonds are converted into ordinary shares at maturity and do not increase the company's capital. When the warrants are used, the original corporate bonds issued are not recovered, so the inflow of funds into the company can be increased.

4. What are the reasons for enterprises to raise funds?

The basic purpose of corporate financing is to survive and develop for itself. However, in detail, it includes the need for sufficient liquidity, the need to meet long-term investment or the need to expand large-scale production of cars, and the need for fiber potatoes to meet the investment of other sail destroyers.

The goal of fund raising management in corporate finance is to find, compare and select the funds that are most favorable to the company's fundraising conditions, the lowest cost of fund raising and the least risk of fund raising**.

Fund raising is the starting point of enterprise financial activities, fund-raising activities are the basic premise of enterprise survival and development, without capital enterprises will be difficult to survive, and it is impossible to develop. As the saying goes: it is difficult for a good daughter-in-law to cook without rice.

Enterprises need to pay attention to the points in the process of fund raising and **

1. Political factors: the current political and legal environment of the country.

2. Economic factors: the country's current financing environment.

3. Technical factors: the sum of national and regional technical level, technical policies, new product development capabilities and technological development trends.

4. Factors of enterprise financing methods: try to avoid or reduce financing risks.

5. Financing structure factors: Reasonable arrangement of financing structure should be carried out between the benefits of financial leverage and financial risks.

6. The country's current tax system.

Enterprises in the process of raising funds and the first problem, the need to pay attention to the problem is the raising of funds, must choose a good channel to raise costs, the risk is small, we must invest in low risk, higher return on investment.

Enterprises in the operation of the capital chain will be broken, at this time need to raise funds at the end of the period, even if there are several methods, you are a listed company can pass the test, the general joint-stock enterprises can increase investment.

1.Although some enterprises have a budget system, the budget has not become the legal basis for the enterprise to organize production and business activities. There is a lack of unified planning and control over the income and expenditure of funds, the arbitrariness is large, the occupation is not reasonable, and the phenomenon of misappropriation of production and operation funds for long-term investment has occurred frequently, resulting in unbalanced cash flow, insufficient ability to pay, and relying on borrowing new to repay the old to maintain operations. Some enterprises have unrealistic budgets, unscientific indicators, and lack of rigor.

I think it's still very important, and it's because they think differently.

The factors to consider when raising funds are as follows:

1. The amount of fundraising. The amount of funds raised refers to the amount of funds raised by the enterprise, which is directly proportional to the amount of capital required by the enterprise. Enterprises must reasonably determine the amount of financing according to the amount of capital required.

Raising too much money will increase the cost of fundraising; Too little financing will affect the supply and demand of funds. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably determine the amount of financing of the enterprise, which can not only save costs but also provide the normal capital needs of the enterprise;

2. Financing environment and financing opportunities. To create a good fund-raising environment, enterprises must continuously improve their production and operation management. Some options are feasible, but the environment is not favourable and can be a constraint, so a good financing environment is very important.

In addition, enterprises should determine the specific time and timing of fundraising, and grasp the opportunity to raise funds. Funding is timed at the right time and you can get the most out of it. This is mainly due to the fact that the treasurer relies on the assistance of the investment bank to make judgments based on the market conditions at the time;

3、.Funding risk. The risks are different for different funding methods.

Strictly control the ratio of debt financing within a certain range, and implement prudent financial decisions. Arrange and use debt funds for the corresponding maturity according to the length of the asset's operating life. There are two main risks to corporate financing:

One is the company's own operational risk, and the other is the inherent financial risk in the capital market. Operational risk is caused by product demand, ** changes, operating leverage, etc., and financial risk is caused by liabilities.

Legal basisArticle 176 of the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China.

Crime of Illegally Absorbing Public Deposits] Whoever illegally absorbs public deposits or covertly absorbs public deposits, disrupting financial order, is to be sentenced to up to three years imprisonment or short-term detention and/or a fine; where the amount is huge or there are other serious circumstances, a sentence of between 3 and 10 years imprisonment and a concurrent fine is to be given; where the amount is especially huge or there are other especially serious circumstances, a sentence of 10 or more years imprisonment and a concurrent fine is to be given.

Where a unit commits the crime of assaulting a code in the past, the unit is to be fined, and the directly responsible managers and other directly responsible personnel are to be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

Where there is conduct in the preceding two paragraphs, and before initiating a public prosecution, the punishment may be mitigated or commuted if the stolen goods are actively returned and restitution is made to reduce the occurrence of harms.