The various sensors related to the electronically controlled engine are included in letters

The biggest difference between an electronically controlled engine and a carburetor engine is the fuel supply system. The fuel supply system of the electronically controlled engine has eliminated the carburetor, but a number of electronic automatic control devices have been added. These include many sensors, actuators, and ECUs.

Electronically controlled engines have to do not only what carburetors do, but also what carburetors can't do. For example, the specific concentration of air-fuel in a combustible mixture can be controlled within the required range. The oil circuit and circuit of the carburetor engine are very clearly divided and do not affect each other much.

The electronically controlled engine fuel supply system increases the electronic control part, which makes the oil circuit and circuit interconnected, which not only affects the work of the engine fuel system, but also affects the normal operation of the engine. Due to the increase in electronic control devices for electronically controlled engines, this makes the entire structure of the engine, including the electronic control system, more complex.

Fast. Navigation.

Structural composition. How it works.

Parameters to be measured. Merit.

Basic idea. In the initial stage, the function of the system is realized by replacing the mechanical control technology with electronic technology, and its function is expanded, so that the performance is greatly improved; After the development to a certain extent, electronic technology can promote the essential change of the system principle, so that the limitations can be broken through, so that the engine performance can be greatly improved.

Electronically controlled engine.

Structural composition. Electronic control unit.

The electronic control unit (ECU) is the heart of the engine's electronic control system. It completes the collection of various parameters of the engine, the control of fuel injection volume and fuel injection timing, and determines the function of the entire electronic control system.

Sensor. Sensors transmit information about engine conditions and environment to the ECU in real time and realistically through various signals.

In other words, what the ECU learns is just an engine made up of many signals. Therefore, the accuracy, reproducibility and immediacy of sensor information directly determine the quality of control.

Actuators. The various control functions to be completed by the electronic control system are realized by various actuators.

In the control process, the actuator converts the control signal from the ECU into a certain mechanical motion or electrical movement, thereby causing the change of engine operating parameters and completing the control function.

How it works. The engine speed and load are used as the basic signals reflecting the actual working conditions of the engine, and the basic fuel injection amount and fuel injection timing are determined with reference to the fuel injection amount and fuel injection timing spectrum corresponding to each working condition of the engine obtained by the test, and then various compensation is made according to various factors (such as water temperature, oil temperature, atmospheric pressure, etc.), so as to obtain the best fuel injection amount and fuel injection timing or ignition timing, and then control the output through the actuator.

Coolant Temperature Sensors (ECTS), Inlet Air Temperature Sensors (IATS), Intake Air Detection Sensors, Intake Manifold Pressure Sensors, Crankshaft and Camshaft Position Sensors, Throttle Position Sensors, Oxygen Sensors, etc., each of which has different types.

The main sensors of the engine are: air flow sensor, throttle position sensor, accelerator pedal position sensor, air temperature sensor, coolant temperature sensor, camshaft position sensor, crankshaft position ruler sensor, oxygen sensing normal, knock sensor, etc. Lingqingheng engine sensor control system is the core of the entire automotive sensor.

1. Intake manifold temperature and pressure sensor: reflects the change of absolute pressure in the intake manifold, and provides a reference signal to the ECU (engine electronic control unit) to calculate the duration of fuel injection;

2. Air flow sensor: measure the amount of air inhaled by the engine, and provide it to the ECU as a reference signal for the injection time;

3. Oil pressure sensor: monitor whether the oil pressure is normal when the engine is running.

4. Crankshaft position sensor: detect the crankshaft and engine speed, and provide it to ECU as a reference signal to determine the ignition timing and working sequence;

5. Camshaft position sensor: collect the camshaft moving angle signal and input it into the electronic control unit (ECU) in order to determine the ignition time and fuel injection time.

6. Oxygen sensor: detect the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas, and provide ECU as a reference signal to control the fuel-air ratio near the optimal value (theoretical value);

7. Inlet air temperature and pressure sensor: detect the inlet air temperature and provide it to ECU as the basis for calculating air density;

8. Detonation sensor: It is installed on the cylinder block to detect the detonation condition of the engine, and provides it to the ECU to adjust the ignition advance angle according to the signal.

9. Water temperature sensor: used to measure the coolant temperature of the engine and provide engine water temperature information to the ECU.

There are 8 common ones

1. Intake pressure sensor: reflects the change of absolute pressure in the intake manifold, and provides a reference signal to the ECU (engine electronic control unit) to calculate the duration of fuel injection;

2. Air flow sensor: measure the amount of air inhaled by the engine, and provide it to the ECU as a reference signal for the injection time;

3. Throttle position sensor: measure the angle of throttle opening, and provide it to ECU as a reference signal for oil cut-off, control of fuel-air ratio, and ignition advance angle correction;

4. Crankshaft angle sensor: detect the crankshaft and engine speed, and provide it to ECU as a reference signal to determine the ignition timing and working sequence;

5. Oxygen sensor: detect the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas, and provide it to ECU as a reference signal to control the fuel-air ratio near the optimal value (theoretical value);

6. Inlet air temperature sensor: detect the inlet air temperature and provide it to ECU as the basis for calculating air density;

7. Water temperature sensor: detect the temperature of the coolant and provide engine temperature information to the ECU;

8. Deflagration sensor: It is installed on the cylinder block to detect the deflagration status of the engine and provides it to the ECU to adjust the ignition advance angle according to the signal.

The sensor of the electronically controlled engine has four parts: a sensitive element, a conversion element, a conversion circuit and an auxiliary power supply. The actuator of the electronically controlled engine has two parts: an actuator and an automatic adjustment mechanism.

1. Sensor:

1) Sensitive components: Special electronic components that can keenly sense certain physical, chemical, and biological information and transform it into electrical information. Such elements are usually made using some kind of sensitive effect of the material. Sensitive components can be named according to the physical quantity input, such as thermal (see thermistor), photosensitive, (electrical) voltage (voltage) force-sensitive, magnetic, gas-sensitive, and moisture-sensitive.

The use of sensitive elements in electronic devices to perceive information from the outside world can match or exceed the functions of human sensory organs.

The sensing element is the core element of the sensor. With the rapid development of computers and information technology, the importance of sensitive components is increasing.

2) The conversion element is an important part of the sensor. Its previous link is the sensitive element, but the sensitive element of some sensors is combined with the conversion element, such as: semiconductor gas, humidity sensor, etc.

3) Circuit transformation is a means to simplify circuit calculation. It is to change a part of a given circuit into a new circuit that not only has a different connection method (topology), but also contains different parameter values of the components under certain conditions.

4) Auxiliary power supply refers to the device that generates electrical energy on the aircraft and provides electrical energy for ground maintenance, detection, interior lighting and starting engine.

2. Actuator:

1) The actuator is installed directly on the production site, sometimes under harsh working conditions. The normal operation of the automatic adjustment system directly affects the safety and reliability of the system.

2) The automatic adjustment mechanism directly changes the parameters of the production process through the actuator, so that the production process can meet the predetermined requirements. The actuator receives the control signal from the controller and replaces it with the output of the driving regulating mechanism, and also uses the appropriate actuator, but the requirements are different from those of the regulating mechanism.