Questions about the British Cabinet, the reasons for the formation of the British Responsible Cabine

Politically, there can be no such substitution. Voters only elect parliamentarians, not cabinet members. Only when a majority party is formed, which decides who will form the cabinet, with the consent of the parliament.

When the parliament does not trust the cabinet, it only does not trust the cabinet, not the party, so the ruling party can replace the cabinet.

To put it simply, this is considered from the perspective of administrative efficiency, the parliament is exercising supervisory power, and the cabinet is the executive body, and if the voters are directly elected, it will inevitably lead to the existence of different party members in the cabinet, and this will affect the administrative efficiency.

Reasons for the formation of the responsible cabinet system in England: In the early 18th century, the Whigs became increasingly dominant in England and effectively took power, and the king's main advisory body gradually developed into a cabinet.

In 1721, Robert Walpole became the first Prime Minister of the British Cabinet, presided over cabinet meetings, coordinated the work of various departments, and the cabinet system was formally formed.

In 1742, Prime Minister Robert Walpole lost the trust of the majority in the House of Commons and was forced to resign with the entire cabinet. Since then, it has become an unwritten system that "the Cabinet must resign if it loses the trust of the majority in the House of Commons". In 1784, William Pitter Jr. tried to curb the rise of the king's (George III) authoritarian tendencies through reforms, and many parliamentarians were bribed by the king, and Pitt ordered the dissolution of the House of Commons to re-elect Parliament, and his reforms were strongly supported by the new parliament, and Pitt was able to continue to preside over the cabinet for 17 years.

This has led to a common practice: if the Cabinet loses the trust of the majority of the members of the House of Commons, it can dissolve the House of Representatives and re-elect it, and if the new Parliament supports the Cabinet, the Cabinet will continue to govern, otherwise it must resign and be sent by a majority in the House of Representatives to form a Cabinet. As a result, the Cabinet of Ministers has established a system of responsibility for the executive power of the state and is accountable to the Parliament.

The British constitutional monarchy is a state of government established in England after the coup d'état of 1688 (see Glorious Revolution), also known as the parliamentary monarchy, that is, the responsible cabinet.

Before the Glorious Revolution of 1688, the king had one of the best advisory bodies - the Privy Council. After the Glorious Revolution, the Cabinet replaced the Privy Council and became the highest executive body under the direct jurisdiction of the King.

In 1721, Walpole set a precedent for the majority leader of the lower house of parliament to become prime minister and form a cabinet.

In the middle of the 18th century, the responsible cabinet system was formed and perfected.

Early 18th century.

In addition, the Whigs became more and more dominant in the English system, and effectively held political power, and the main advisory mechanism of the king gradually developed

Manifest into the Cabinet DaoWalpole, the leader of the Whig Party, was actually the first prime minister of the British cabinet (learn about Walpole and the British cabinet system in the "History" column, and gradually developed in the direction of an accountable cabinet), and the British cabinet system began to take shape. In the late 18th century and the first half of the 19th century, the British Accountability Cabinet was further refined.

This marked the final establishment of bourgeois representative democracy in England. Freedom and democracy have long been an ideal to be pursued by mankind. It has taken more than three centuries from the origin of the cabinet system to the further improvement of the accountability cabinet, which shows that the creation of human civilization is a long process; At the same time, it shows that the pace of civilization is also unstoppable.

The members of the Cabinet are selected by the head of the Cabinet from among the members of the Cabinet who share similar political views, or by the parties participating in the Cabinet to coordinate the allocation of seats, and then submit them to the Head of State for appointment.

The head of state nominally represents the state internally and externally, but has no actual executive power, and the cabinet is fully responsible to the parliament on behalf of the head of state. When the Head of State promulgates laws, decrees and proclamations, they must be countersigned by the Prime Minister or the relevant Cabinet Minister.

The Cabinet is subject to the supervision of the Parliament and reports regularly to the Parliament. If the Cabinet does not have the confidence of Parliament, its members must resign en masse, or the Cabinet may request the Head of State to dissolve Parliament and reconvene Parliament**.

If the new parliament still does not trust the cabinet, the cabinet must resign and the head of state appoints a new prime minister to form a new **.