What are the structures of a speaker? What is the structure of the speaker?

Electronic frequency divider, also known as active pre-divider, is composed of various resistor-capacitance components and active devices such as transistors or integrated circuits, which is placed in the signal circuit of the preamplifier and power amplifier as an analog electronic filter, which can divide the audio signal output by the preamplifier into different frequency bands, and then send it to the power amplifier for amplification. It is characterized by the balance of spectrum in each frequency band, small mutual interference, large output dynamic range, certain amplification ability, and low insertion loss. However, the circuit composition is relatively complex.

The crossover can be divided into two-way, three-way and four-way according to the crossover band. Two-way is to divide the entire frequency band of an audio signal into two frequency bands: high frequency and low frequency; The three-way frequency band is divided into three frequency bands: high frequency, medium frequency and low frequency; Four-way divides the three-way frequency into an ultra-low band.

The crossover point and the crossover slope are the crossover frequency (AC*frequency) that directly affect the quality of the crossover.

The crossover point refers to the intersection point of the frequency response curve of two adjacent speakers (such as treble and bass in the two-way frequency, treble and midrange, midrange and bass in the three-way frequency) at a certain frequency, usually at the frequency at half of the power output of the two speakers (i.e., -3db point), which should be determined according to the frequency characteristics and distortion of the speaker and each speaker. Usually, the crossover point of the two-way crossover is between 1kHz and 3kHz, and the three-way frequency is 250Hz 1kHz and 5kHz.

The crossover slope (also known as the attenuation slope of the filter) is used to reflect the descending slope of the frequency response curve below the crossover point, and is expressed as a decibel octave (db oct). It is divided into first-order (6dBOct), second-order (12dBOct), third-order (18dBOct), and fourth-order (24dBOct), and the higher the order, the greater the slope of the frequency curve after the crossover point. The most commonly used is the second-order crossover slope.

The higher-order crossover can increase the slope, but the phase shift is large; The low-order frequency divider can produce a gentle slope and a good transient response, but the amplitude-frequency characteristics are poor. The order of high and low bass filtering should be determined mainly by considering the good connection of the phase of the speaker itself at the crossover point.

"Among the common speaker brands, the proportion of closed, inverted, and labyrinth structure speakers is the largest. The following is an introduction to these common speaker structures:

1.Closed speaker: As the name suggests, the speaker unit is installed in a closed cabinet, due to the large air damping inside.

As a result, the response speed of the unit is increased, and the low frequencies are clean and clear. However, the sensitivity of the speaker is relatively low, so the power demand of the enclosed speaker for the amplifier will be relatively high. For example, the MK S-150, Dynaudio Micron and other loudspeakers have such fast transients and fierce dynamics, which has a lot to do with the fact that they use a closed cabinet.

2.Inverted speaker: The inverted speaker is to reverse the phase of the radiation wave on the back of the speaker unit through the inverted tube, and then superimpose it with the front sound wave of the speaker unit, so as to broaden the lower limit of the low frequency of the speaker, and at the same time can get more low frequency energy.

3.Labyrinth speaker: Labyrinth speaker is also known as "transmission speaker".

This kind of loudspeaker is to make a rectangular cross-section folding reflection pipe behind the speaker unit, and the cross-sectional area of the sound playback pipe is generally equal to the effective area of the speaker unit's diaphragm. In addition, the length of the reflex duct should be 1 4 of the wavelength of the resonant frequency of the woofer to increase the sound output near and below the resonant frequency, so as to more effectively extend the lower limit of the low frequencies, and obtain deeper, fuller low frequencies from a small cabinet. But this kind of speaker often gives the impression that the low frequency is slower.

Therefore, an amplifier with a higher damping coefficient is required to increase the response speed of low frequencies.

Common multi-** speakers are mainly inverted designs, such as Maibo's FC260, H11, Edifier R1200T, Sannuo N-20GII, etc. "

**The RBH speaker on it is very good, very cost-effective, and my friend said that I want to buy it.

The shell made of solid wood has holes, and the horn is installed in the hole, and there is a power amplifier circuit and a transformer in it.

The ideal speaker should be spherical, spherical in the required volume to prevent the cabinet from resonating.

Cabinets, speakers, binding posts, crossovers, amplifier boards, etc., are slightly different in the composition of different speakers.

Interface: Amplifier, Cabinet, Speaker.

The components of the sound can be roughly divided into the following parts: the sound source (signal source) part, the power amplification part and the speaker (speaker) part.

Power amplification:The power amplifier can be divided into pre-amp and post-amp, the pre-amp pre-processing the signal from the sound source, including but not limited to input switching, preliminary amplification, tone adjustment and other functions, its main purpose is to make the output impedance of the audio source and the input impedance of the power amplifier post-amp matching, reduce distortion, but the pre-amp is not an absolutely necessary link. The post-amp is to amplify the power of the signal output from the pre-amp or sound source to push the speaker system to make sound.

Speakers (speakers):The speaker of the speaker is an electro-acoustic transducer device, and all the signal processing parts are ultimately prepared for the propellant to push the speaker. The power-amplified audio signal moves the paper cone or diaphragm through electromagnetic, piezoelectric or electrostatic effects to drive the surrounding air to make a sound.

A loudspeaker is the terminal of the entire sound system.

A system that can reproduce sound is called a sound system, which consists of a sound source, an audio power amplifier, speakers, cables, etc.

Audio components: power supply, front, power amplifier, protection.