What are the finals, what are the finals?

There are 24 finals.

The single vowels are a, o, e, i, u, v.

The vowels are ai, ei, ui, ao, ou, iu, ie, ve, er, an, en, in, un, vn, ang, eng, ing, ong.

About finals

Finals refer to Chinese Chinese phonological terms, the parts of Chinese characters other than initials and character tones.

It was formerly known as rhyme. The vowel is composed of three parts: the beginning of the rhyme (the middle sound), the rhyme (the main vowel), and the rhyme ending. According to the structure of finals, it can be divided into single finals, compound finals, and nasal finals.

Reading order

a o e ai ei ao ou an en ang

Ah, oh, the goose, the sorrow, the concave, the augence.

eng ong

Heng's finals Boom's finals.

i ia ie iao iou ian in iang iong

clothes yes ye waist worry smoke because of yang yong.

u ua uai uan uen uang ueng

The black frog is crooked.

e üan ün

Roundabout.

Classification: Unit vowels.

The vowel composed of a vowel is called a single vowel, also known as a unit vowel. The pronunciation of unit vowels is characterized by the same shape of the mouth and the non-movement of the tongue from beginning to end. There are ten unit vowels in Mandarin:

a, o, e, êi, u, ü, i (front), -i (back), er.

Compound vowels. A vowel that is formed by the combination of two or three vowels is called a compound vowel. Mandarin has a total of thirteen compound vowels:

ai、ei、ao、ou、ia、ie、ua、uo、 üe、iao 、iou、uai、uei。According to the position of the main vowels, the compound vowels can be divided into pre-chord vowels, middle vowels and post-vowel vowels. Double vowels are a special form of compound vowels.

Nasal rhyme. A vowel consisting of one or two vowels followed by nasal consonants is called a nasal vowel. There are sixteen nasal rhymes:

an、ian、uan、 üan 、en、in、uen、 ün 、ang、iang、uang、eng、ing、ueng、ong、iong。Nasal rhyme will also appear without rhyme and rhyme.

There are 24 finals, the single vowels are a, o, e, i, u, v, and the compound vowels are ai, ei, ui, ao, ou, iu, ie, ve, er, an, en, in, un, vn, ang, eng, ing, ong.

The finals in a syllable can usually be divided into three parts: the beginning, the belly, and the ending.

Pronunciation tips for finals:

There are 6 single vowels:

The single vowel is very important, and the pronunciation of the mouth shape should be well placed.

The aaa kid opens his mouth, and the ooo crows.

Eee white goose swims in the water, iii wears a hat and wears new clothes.

uuu crow black huhu, ǖǖ river there is a fish.

There are 9 compound vowels:

Compound vowels, it's really interesting, two single vowels together.

Look at the front sound swing mouth shape, pay attention to the change of mouth shape.

Quickly glide backwards to synthesize a note of Don't Forget the Royal Travel.

Aunt aiaiaia+i and I are taller and shorter, and eieieie+i white goose dresses and flies in the sky.

uiuiuiu+i I wear a coat to drink water, aoaoaoa+o aunt loves to wear a floral cotton jacket.

Ououououo + U seas fly seagulls, iuiuiuiui + U post box in front of the mail.

ieieiei+e wild geese eat leaves for breakfast, üeüeüeüeüe+e small fish ride geese to visit the moon.

The ErereRe+R wild goose has small ears.

There are 9 nasal rhymes:

Nasal rhyme is not difficult to learn, and the front and back nasal sounds are accurate.

There are five anterior nasal vowels and four posterior nasal vowels.

Aunt Ananana+n ascends Tiananmen Square.

enenene+n white goose in front of the door to press the town beam bell.

ininini+n dresses and goes out laughing and groaning.

unununu+n Raven door front repair wheels.

nününü+n small fish hit the door and got dizzy.

Anganganga+ng aunty walks with her head high.

engengenge+ng white goose sings hum hum.

ingingingi+ng a flower dress to send the eagle.

ongongong0+ng rooster oh oh oh to catch insects.

There are 16 syllables to read as a whole:

zhchshrzcs, self-syllable followed by i.

yiwuyu has no town pants rain.

Yeyueyuan night full moon.

yinyunying. <>

The rhyme has only three vowels: i, u, and ü; The rhyme belly is the loudest vowel, and all 10 vowels can be used; The rhyme end is limited to n, ng, i, and you after the rhyme.

For example, snow, xue, its initial is x, and when you read it, you find that e is louder than ü, so the rhyme is e (plus inverted v), then the rhyme is ü.

The zero vowel is i, and the rhyme end is n.

Introduce. The part of the Chinese character that is other than the initials and the intonation of the character. It was formerly known as rhyme.

The finals can be divided into three parts: the beginning of the rhyme (mesophon), the rhyme belly (the main vowel), and the rhyme ending. For example, the finals of "Niang" niáng are iang, where i is the rhyme head, is the rhyme belly, and ng is the rhyme ending. Each vowel must have a rhyme, and the beginning and end of the rhyme are dispensable.

For example, the finals of "big" dà are , which is the rhyme belly, without the rhyme head and rhyme ending; The finals of "melon" guā are ua, where u is the rhyme head, is the rhyme belly, and there is no rhyme ending; The vowel of "knife" dāo is ao, where is the rhyme belly, o is the rhyme ending, and there is no rhyme.

The finals are roughly divided into single finals, compound finals, and nasal finals, and the single finals are a, o, e, i, u, and ü, and the compound finals are ai, ei, ui, ao, ou, iu, ie, üe, and er; The nasal vowels are an, en, in, un, ang, eng, ing, and ong.

There are a total of 39 finals in Mandarin. The finals can be divided into three parts: rhyme, rhyme, and rhyme, for example, the finals of "Niang" niáng are iang, where i is the rhyme head, is the rhyme belly, and ng is the rhyme ending. Each vowel must have a rhyme, and the beginning and end of the rhyme are dispensable.

The Hanyu Pinyin Scheme consists of five parts: alphabet, initials, finals, tone marks and soundproof symbols (see the Hanyu Pinyin Scheme in the "Norms and Standards" section of this CD-ROM for details).

The alphabet specifies the alphabetical form, alphabetical order, and letter names of the scheme. The scheme uses the most common Latin alphabet in the world, with a total of 26 characters from A to Z (of which V is only used to spell foreign languages, minority languages and dialects), which are divided into two styles: uppercase and lowercase (there are also printing, handwriting, etc.). The alphabetical order is in the order that is observed throughout the world.

The letter names give the names of the Hanyu Pinyin letters. Vowel letters are named after their own pronunciation, and most consonant letters are spelled with a "诶 (pronounced ê or ei)" sound after or before the letters. For example, "ABC

defg" has a letter name of "a."

bêcêdêe

fgê and so on. Since the "Hanyu Pinyin Scheme" stipulates the pronunciation of the names of the Hanyu Pinyin alphabet, we should call them according to their pronunciation. At present, people often use the pronunciation of English letters to refer to the Chinese pinyin alphabet, which should be corrected.

A total of 21 consonant initials in the Putonghua phonetic system are listed in the initials list, namely: b, p, m, f, d, t, n, l, g, k, h, j, q, x, zh, ch, sh, r, z, c, s. In fact, there is another situation in the Mandarin phonetic system, that is, the finals are independent into syllables, for example:

n (安), ō喔), yī (衣), wǔ (五), etc., are called "zero initials" in Mandarin phonetics. With zero initials plus 21 consonant initials, there are actually 22 initials in the Mandarin phonetic system.

The finals table is divided into rows a, i, u, and ü (represented by columns in the table), and a total of 35 finals in the Mandarin phonetic system are listed. In addition, there are 4 finals in Mandarin: one is the finals in syllables such as zī (資), cí (porcelain), and sì (四) - i (front); the second is the finals in syllables such as zhǐ (only), chí (holding), shī (poem), rì (day), etc.; the third is a single vowel er (child, ear, second, etc.); The fourth is a single vowel ê (see "ê is a single vowel, why is it not included in the finals table of the "Chinese Pinyin Scheme"?)

One question). The specific usage of these 4 finals is explained in the "scheme" after the finals table, so some people call it "out-of-table finals", adding inside and outside the table, there are 39 finals in the Mandarin pronunciation system.

Tone marks specify the four key classes in the Putonghua phonetic system - Yin Ping, Yang Ping, Shang Sheng, and De Tone Marks and how to use these symbols, and at the same time stipulate that light syllables are not marked with key signs.

The initial list, the finals table and the tone marks reflect the basic components and systems of Mandarin pronunciation with Beijing pronunciation as the standard tone.

The soundproofing symbol (') is used to separate syllables, e.g. "scheme" should be written as fang

an, so as not to be mistaken for "disgusted" fangan, and "xi'an" should be written as xi'an, so as not to be mistaken for "immortal" xian, etc.