The reason for the diversity of proteins, the reason for the diversity of protein structure

Transcription and translation are actions, there is no diversity, they all work in the same way! The diversity of DNA here does not refer to the diversity of genes in different cells of a person, but to the diversity of DNA in one cell of a person. (i.e. the DNA on more than 40 chromosomes is not the same because the bases are arranged in a different order!)

The translation of mRNA makes proteins, and translation is a mechanical process, which is carried out in strict accordance with a program, and there is no diversity at all, which is determined by the transcribed RNA.

And the transcription of RNA, what part is transcribed (selective expression of genes), is determined by the genetic information, i.e. DNA.

Because an mRNA is transcribed from a piece of DNA on a chromosome, and there are differences in each piece of DNA on each chromosome, there is diversity in mRNA, and the difference in mRNA makes the translated proteins different, so there is diversity in proteins!

Therefore, the fundamental reason for the diversity of proteins is the diversity of DNA!

Genes determine traits, DNA is the same, but under different conditions, genes are properly expressed, so I think the problem is not clear, the root cause is DNA diversity, the surface cause is mRNA diversity, absolutely cannot be said to be transcriptional diversity, very non-standardized.

The fundamental reason is the selective expression of DNA (genes), that is, the transcription of different RNAs, so that the translated proteins are different in the number of amino acids, types, order and spatial structure of peptide chains, resulting in protein diversity.

The diversity of protein molecular structures is understood from four main levels:

First, the types of amino acids that make up protein molecules are different;

Second, the number of amino acids that make up each protein molecule is different;

Third, the order of amino acids is different;

Fourth, the spatial structure of protein molecules is different due to the first three items.

The diversity of protein molecular structure is actually determined by the diversity of DNA molecular structure.

The type, number, order of amino acids, and the spatial structure of proteins are different.

The type, number, and order of amino acids.

There is also the number and spatial structure of peptide chains.

4 points in total. 3 amino acids and 1 peptide chain.

<> Causes of Structural Diversity of Proteins:

1. The types of amino acids that make up proteins are different;

2. The number of constituent proteins is not the same;

3. The amino acids that make up proteins are arranged in different order;

4. The spatial structure of each protein molecule is different.

The diversity of structures determines the diversity of functions. Protein is made up of amino acids, and there are at least 20 kinds of amino acids that make up proteins. Protein is the basic element of life activities, and the difference in protein structure leads to different physiological functions, such as some proteins have catalytic effects, some have immune effects, etc.