What is the basis for why the direction of the vortex in the Southern Hemisphere is different from t

It is because of the geostrophic deflection force.

The horizontal geostrophic deflection force, also known as the geodeflection force, is a force generated by the rotation of the earth with the earth's graticule as the reference frame. Geostrophic deflection is a component of the Coriolis force (Coriolis force) in the direction along the Earth's surface. It is the third type of inertial force that is often introduced, and the first two types are translational inertial force and inertial centrifugal force.

The reason is briefly described as follows: in order to maintain horizontal inertial motion of an object, the graticule generates relative acceleration due to the rotation of the earth.

The geostrophic deflection force is to the right in the northern hemisphere, and to the left in the southern hemisphere, of course, these right and left are relative to the direction of progress, and the following is the situation in the northern hemisphere. 1.Since the angular velocity of each latitude is the same, when flying from north to south, the circle of the south is large, so the linear velocity is large, so a small linear velocity in the north is slower than the linear velocity of the south, so it deviates to the right due to inertia.

It's the same with going north, from a fast place to a slow place, the speed is 'ahead', and the direction of progress is also deviated to the right. 2.Fly along the latitude to the east and west, at this time, because the direction of gravity points to the center of the earth, and the direction of the latitude circle points to the center of the circle is not the center of the earth, you can think about it, so because of this angle, the centripetal force can not completely cancel out the centrifugal force that you rotate around the center of the circle of the parallel, so a synthesis, it will also deviate to the right.

3.The equator is not subject to geostrophic deflection precisely because the center of the earth is exactly the center of the circle in which the latitudinal circle rotates, and the two coincide, and gravity can cancel out the outward force. Finally, the geostrophic deflection force is greatest at the north and south poles.

Earth's rotation, the Earth's magnetic field.

Water in the northern hemisphere is counterclockwise, and in the southern hemisphere, it is clockwise.

1. In the Northern Hemisphere, objects moving in the north-south direction will be biased to the right, which is affected by the geostrophic deflection force.

2. The right bank of the river is much more washed by the current than the left bank; The winds blowing from north to south on the earth always turn to the east wind; The rotation of tornadoes is due to the influence of geostrophic deflection forces. Physics calls this force the Coriolis force.

3. Shepiro published in 1962 that this kind of vortex is related to the rotation of the earth, and if the earth stops rotating, it will not produce this kind of vortex, because the earth is constantly rotating from west to east, and the United States is in the northern hemisphere. He also asserted that if in the Southern Hemisphere and Acacia the water vortex will rotate in a clockwise direction, at the equator, no whirlpool will form.

4. Because the vortex on the earth is formed due to the influence of the earth's rotational deflection force when the liquid moves, the rotation of typhoons is similar. At the equator, the rotational deflection force is zero, so a vortex cannot be formed. Similarly, there is no typhoon at the equator.

Opposite. Due to the geostrophic deflection force, when the object moves perpendicular to the earth's latitude on the earth's surface, because the earth's rotation linear velocity changes with latitude, due to inertia, the object will have a tendency to maintain the direction of motion of the original speed relative to the ground, which is called the geostrophic deflection force. In the Northern Hemisphere, the object moves from south to north, and the linear velocity of the Earth's rotation decreases.

The object is deflected to the east due to inertia and to the right, relative to the direction of motion. When moving from north to south, the linear velocity of the Earth's rotation increases, so it is biased to the west, and the relative direction of motion is also to the right. Therefore, when the object in the northern hemisphere moves, it is uniformly subjected to the rightward geostrophic deflection force.

In the same way, objects are uniformly subjected to a leftward geostrophic deflection force when moving in the southern hemisphere.

As for the direction of the water vortex, it is said that the northern hemisphere is counterclockwise and the southern hemisphere is just the opposite, due to the geostrophic deflection. Is this true?

Let's first look at what the geostrophic bias is: due to the rotation of the earth, there is a rotational bias in the motion of objects. Objects moving horizontally on the Earth, regardless of which direction they move, are deflected, to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.

For example, suppose there is an object in the Northern Hemisphere at point a, and it moves north along the meridian towards point B, and there is an observer at point B, and if the Earth does not rotate, then this observer will see that the object has reached his position in the direction of motion; But the earth is a rotating sphere, then the rotation of point b through the earth is equivalent to moving from meridian 1 to meridian 2, because the meridians of the earth are not parallel, so the direction of point b at meridian 2 changes relative to the direction at meridian 1, forming an angle (you can look at the globe, you will find that the direction of the two meridians is angled) but the object still moves along the direction of the original meridian due to inertia, so when it moves to the destination, The observer at point B sees that the object is moving to his right.

Similarly, since the parallels are not flat on the plane, objects that move in the northern hemisphere will also be biased to the right; In the Southern Hemisphere, the situation is reversed.

It is only at the equator that there is no geostrophic deflection because the meridians and parallels are parallel in the plane.

Therefore, many means of transportation, such as airplanes and ships, must often adjust their course when sailing, otherwise they will deviate to the right side of the destination.

The influence of geostrophic deflection is very obvious, which is the main cause of atmospheric movement. Cyclones and anticyclones, which are important weather features on Earth, require geostrophic deflection to form. Geostrophic deflection is also one of the main reasons for the formation of storms, one of the main reasons for the formation of trade winds in different latitude zones, and one of the main reasons for the formation of monsoons.

Geostrophic deflection is also one of the main reasons for the formation of ocean currents. Ocean currents are affected by geostrophic deflection and deflection in the process of flow, gradually forming a circulation, so that the earth's seawater heat and components can be exchanged, and the balance of global heat and water is maintained. The circulation in the Northern Hemisphere is clockwise, and the circulation in the Southern Hemisphere is counterclockwise.

Therefore, geostrophic deflection only has an effect on water flow on a large scale.

However, for the water vortex, scientists have said that it has nothing to do with the geotropic bias, the geostrophic deflection is not able to affect the formation of water vortexes, and the movement direction and mode of existence of the water vortex on the earth are only related to the geomorphological characteristics; In the case of sewers, it has nothing to do with the structure and temperature of the sewers, but not with the rotation of the earth, so it is a fallacy that the direction of the water vortex in the northern and southern hemispheres is reversed, that is, whether in the southern or northern hemispheres, the direction of the water vortex may be clockwise or counterclockwise.

In the 40s of the 20th century, the scientist Kapiro noticed that the vortex formed at the leak always rotated in a fixed direction when he poured sewage into the sink after each experiment, and this phenomenon attracted his attention. So he deliberately stirred his fingers in the opposite direction when the water flowed, but the vortex returned to its original direction of rotation after the hand left. Does this have anything to do with the shape of the drain?

So he made many different shapes of leaks, but the results were always the same. Puzzled by this, he traveled all over the world to do the same experiment, and to his great amazement, the direction of the current vortex in the southern hemisphere was exactly opposite to that in the northern hemisphere, counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern hemisphere, almost half of both cases near the equator. Capiro was overjoyed, and he finally found the conclusion that the direction of the original vortex was related to its position on Earth.

This phenomenon was later known as the Capilo phenomenon.

In fact, the Capilo phenomenon is caused by a so-called Coriolis force caused by inertia during the rotation of the Earth. In the Northern Hemisphere, this deflection force is to the right, causing the water to form a counterclockwise vortex as it flows downward. In the Southern Hemisphere, it is just the opposite clockwise.

Another form of Capillo phenomenon in nature is tornadoes. Whether it is landspouts and seaspouts produced in the vast plains or the vast oceans, it is found that in the Northern Hemisphere their direction of rotation is mostly counterclockwise. The Foucault pendulum in the Beijing Planetarium rotates clockwise every 37 hours and 15 minutes, which is also the result of the Coriolis force.

The Coriolis force is an important force that is easily overlooked by the average person. For example, the pressure on the right track is greater when the train travels rapidly from south to north in the northern hemisphere, and the east bank of the river from south to north is more heavily scoured, all of which can be explained by the Coriolis force, and the influence of the Coriolis force should also be taken into account in the launch of long-range missiles, weather forecasting, navigation, and the design of bubble levels in aviation.

Physicists' understanding of the Coriolis force or the Coriolis effect is absolutely accurate, but using the Coriolis effect to explain the vortex of toilet bowl water is a big mistake. The Coriolis effect is true when explaining fluids that move on a large scale, such as ocean currents and atmospheric circulation. However, the Coriolis effect has little effect on the flow of water from flush toilets.

The two ends of the toilet bowl rotate the water flow, and the effect caused by the rotation of the earth is almost exactly the same, and even if there are slight differences, it is safe to cause a strong water flow. (The flow of water in small holes is established, but it is not possible to create a fast whirlpool).

Please look carefully at the last paragraph, the toilet itself is too strong, and that little influence can't affect the toilet or anything like that.

The vortices of the northern and southern hemispheres are in opposite directions, due to the geostrophic deflection force on the Earth. The geostrophic deflection force is right-biased (the direction of the vortex is counterclockwise) in the Northern Hemisphere and left-sided (the direction of the vortex is clockwise) in the Southern Hemisphere.

On the contrary, the geostrophic deflection forces are different, with the northern hemisphere biasing to the right and the vortex counterclockwise, and the southern hemisphere shifting to the left and the vortex clockwise.

Professor Shepiro of MIT ProfAscher Shapiro, (1916-2004) It was not easy to succeed in this experiment, so it was possible to publish it in top journals thanks to his exquisite craftsmanship.

Later generations reproduced this experiment by using a large fish tank + 1cm drain + water that stood for a day.

On the contrary, because the geostrophic deflection force is not the same.