What is the prospect of spinach processing and export? Where are the key technologies?

China's spinach products have the advantages of complete varieties, high quality and low quality, and the annual export of quick-frozen spinach to Japan is more than 20,000 tons, and some of them are exported to Russia, the European Union and other countries and regions, and the processing and export prospects are broad. The export of spinach products mainly includes 3 kinds of refrigerated fresh spinach, quick-frozen spinach and dehydrated spinach, and the key technologies are as follows

1) Raw material selection.

Spinach raw materials should be selected with dark green leaves, soft tissues, large leaves and short stems, thick flesh, complete plant shape, no sprouts, no withered yellow old leaves, no diseases and pests, no mechanical injuries, no rot, no pollution, and no black roots.

2) Washing and disinfection (technical requirements for quick-frozen and dehydrated spinach).

Wash off the sediment and debris carried by the spinach with running water, then soak it in a 2% 3% salt water pool for 15 minutes, and then rinse it with water.

3) Blanching (technical requirements for quick-frozen and dehydrated spinach).

Put the spinach roots downward, neatly row them in the bamboo basket, and place them in boiling water of 93 95 (add salt inside, first soak the roots for 1 minute, and then blanch them all in water for 40 seconds, and quickly soak the raw materials in 3 5 cold water, spray or cool them with a cold fan to below 5, so as to reduce the damage of thermal effect to the nutrition and quality of spinach.

4) Quick-freezing (technical requirements for quick-frozen spinach).

The raw materials are fed into the freezer and frozen at a low temperature of -30 -40, requiring the core temperature of the raw materials to reach -15 -18 within 30 minutes.

5) Hang ice coat (technical requirements for quick-frozen spinach).

After taking off the plate, put the quick-frozen spinach into the basket, immerse it in cold water at a temperature of 2 5, and raise the bamboo basket after 2 3 seconds, so that a thin layer of ice will soon form on the surface of the frozen vegetables.

6) Dried (dehydrated spinach technical requirements).

Large-scale production is carried out by modern manual drying machines, and then packaged and stored at the right temperature in a timely manner.

Spinach is an extremely common vegetable in China, which is generally cultivated, rich in nutrients, and many people like to eat it. For growers, how to increase the yield of their agricultural products is a matter of great importance to them, and increasing the yield also means improving the efficiency. So how can you increase the yield of spinach?

Breed selection. Suitable varieties should be selected according to different cultivation seasons, such as pineapple with good heat tolerance in autumn waves, and round-leaved pineapple should be selected in spring.

Rational selection of soil.

Spinach is neither acid nor alkali tolerant, it is better to be neutral, when the pH is below, the seedlings grow slowly, the leaf color is yellow, dull, and the root system is poor. The soil in this county is more acidic, therefore, if the soil is too acidic, it is advisable to apply 100---150 kg of lime per mu in combination with ploughing to neutralize it to reduce acidity.

Strengthen fertilizer and water management.

In production, it is necessary to avoid soil drought and often maintain a certain moisture level of the soil. The requirement of spinach for fertilizer is full fertilizer, and the ratio of the three elements is nitrogen: phosphorus

Potassium = 2:1: 50 quintals of farm fertilizer such as human urine and about 25 kg of superphosphate are applied per mu before land preparation and tillage, and the top dressing is determined according to the growth situation, so as to slightly increase the nitrogen fertilizer to facilitate growth.

Know the right sowing date.

Spinach likes a cool climate, poor germination under high temperatures, such as a temperature of 35 degrees, the germination rate is less than 20%, therefore, under normal climatic conditions, it is advisable to start sowing in batches in September. Early sowing is better to sow seeds after soaking and germination.

Conclusion] Starting from the four points mentioned above, it is very possible to increase the output of spinach, contribute to China's spinach exports, and once again bring new economic growth points.