What is the institutional difference of the modern enterprise system?

The modern enterprise system is different from the traditional state-owned enterprise system, and it is also different from the transitional enterprise system that has been formed since the reform. This difference is by no means a formal, secondary aspect, but a substantive, primary aspect, manifested in:

1.Through the establishment and improvement of the modern enterprise system, the state bears limited liability according to its capital contribution, and the enterprise disposes of its legal person property in accordance with the law, so as to change the previous situation that the government and the enterprise are not separated, and the enterprise is directly operated and managed by the enterprise and bears unlimited liability, and the enterprise is fully dependent on the state;

2.The enterprise has established a governance structure composed of shareholders' meetings, board of directors, board of supervisors, and managers, and the party organization plays a role in supervising and guaranteeing the implementation of the party's line, principles, and policies, so as to change the situation that the previous enterprise leadership system has unclear rights, unclear responsibilities, or "unified" leadership, lack of supervision and constraints, or mutual friction and excessive internal friction;

3.The enterprise takes production and operation as its main responsibility, has a clear profit target, and changes the situation that the enterprise runs the society in the past, the employees are fully dependent on the enterprise, and the enterprise bears unlimited responsibility for the employees;

4.In accordance with the requirements of market competition, the enterprise has formed a suitable organizational form and a scientific internal management system, so as to change the situation of backward internal management as an appendage of the administrative system in the past.

5.Enterprises have sufficient openness and liquidity in all kinds of factors of production, cooperate with the external capital market, the market of business operators, the labor market, and other markets of production factors, and optimize the structure of enterprises and effectively improve their competitiveness through the acquisition, merger, union, and bankruptcy of assets, through the selection and re-selection of business operators, and through the rational flow of laborers, so as to change the previous situation of dividing the factors of production in sections, being closed and sluggish, being superior and inferior, and seriously duplicating administrative construction.

What is the modern enterprise system, that is, the boss just needs to do what the boss should do. So what should the boss do? The second is to put out the power and responsibility package, and the other is to count the money.

The basic characteristics of the modern enterprise system: clear property rights, clear rights and positions, separation of government and enterprises, and scientific management. The modern enterprise system mainly includes three aspects:

The first is the enterprise legal person system. It is the core of the modern enterprise system. The enterprise legal person system is the separation of ownership and management rights of enterprises, and enterprises have management rights (legal person property rights) and can independently dispose of the property of enterprises under the premise of assuming responsibility to the owners.

The second is the limited liability system. The implementation of the limited liability system is an important feature of the modern enterprise system. The limited liability system has two macro implications:

First, the enterprise is limited to the entire property of the legal person and bears limited liability for debts; Second, when an enterprise goes bankrupt to pay off its debts, the investor only bears limited liability to the enterprise with the capital invested in the enterprise.

The third is a scientific organizational system. Modern enterprises coordinate the relationship between owners and operators by establishing a scientific organizational system.

The characteristics of the modern enterprise system: clear property rights, clear rights and responsibilities, separation of government and enterprise difficulties, and scientific management.

The status and roles of owners, operators, and workers in enterprises are different, so their rights and responsibilities are also different.

Business operators are entrusted by the owners to own the assets and other factors of production of the enterprise for a certain period of time and within a certain scope and to obtain the corresponding profits. Workers have the right to employment and income in accordance with the contract with the enterprise.

In order to achieve "clear rights and responsibilities", in addition to clearly defining the respective rights and responsibilities of owners, operators, workers and other business stakeholders, it is also necessary to make the rights and responsibilities corresponding or balanced.

In addition, there should be a mechanism of interdependence and checks and balances between owners, managers, workers and other stakeholders, because they are different stakeholders with common interests and different and even conflicting aspects. Mutual checks and balances require a clear definition of each other's rights, responsibilities, and obligations, and mutual supervision.

1) The basic characteristics of the modern enterprise system are: clear property rights, clear rights and duties, separation of government and enterprises, and scientific management.

2) The modern enterprise system includes three aspects:

The first is the enterprise legal person system, which is the core of the modern enterprise system.

The second is the limited liability system, which has two meanings: one is that the enterprise only bears limited liability for debts to the extent of all legal person property; Second, when an enterprise goes bankrupt to pay off its debts, the investor only limits the capital invested in the enterprise and bears limited liability for the enterprise.

The third is a scientific organizational system, through the establishment of a scientific organizational system can coordinate the relationship between owners and operators.

Legal analysis: the current closed enterprise system refers to the market economy as the basis, with the perfect enterprise legal person system as the main body, with the limited liability system as the core, with the company as the main form of operation, with clear property rights, clear rights and responsibilities, separation of government and enterprises, and scientific management as the condition of the new enterprise system, its main contents include: enterprise legal person system, enterprise self-responsibility system, limited liability system for investors, scientific leadership system and organizational management system.

Legal basis: Company Law of the People's Republic of China Article 65 The articles of association of a wholly state-owned company shall be formulated by the State-owned assets supervision and administration institution, or formulated by the board of directors and submitted to the State-owned assets supervision and administration for approval.

Four characteristics of a modern enterprise.

First, based on modern science and technology

In modern enterprises, production and business activities are carried out on the basis of modern science and technology. It generally has a variety of advanced technology and equipment, extensive use of advanced technology and new materials, and has a large number of production workers and scientific and technological personnel with high cultural and technical level and skilled operation technology. Especially in recent decades, due to the emergence and wide application of electronic computers and other high-tech technologies, the technical basis of some enterprises without a register has undergone revolutionary changes, and the dependence of enterprises on modern science and technology has become more and more prominent.

It can be said that modern enterprises will be unable to move an inch without modern science and technology, and it will be difficult for enterprises to survive and develop.

Second, the modern enterprise system is adopted

The enterprise system is the unity of the internal property rights system and the external organizational form of an enterprise. With the development of social productive forces, the enterprise system has also undergone a development from simplification to pluralism, and there has been a change from the primitive enterprise system to the individual owner system to the partnership enterprise and then to the modern enterprise system and the company system.

Third, the implementation of modern enterprise management

Enterprise management is the product of the development of the social productive forces, and in turn it plays a tremendous role in promoting the development of the productive forces. With the emergence of the capitalist factory system, enterprise management has undergone a development process from traditional management to scientific management and then to modern management. The practice of modern enterprise management is an objective requirement for enterprises to carry out production and business activities on the basis of modern science and technology, and is a requirement for the advanced productive forces that turn science and technology into reality.

The management of today's modern enterprises is mostly carried out under the guidance of modern enterprise management theory, and it is up to some knowledgeable and experienced soft and hard management experts and entrepreneurs to grasp the right to operate and manage enterprises, and the modern enterprise leadership system is implemented, and modern enterprise management technology and management methods and means are widely adopted in enterprise management, and modern enterprise management organizations and various management systems are established.

Fourth, people with modern corporate culture are the foundation of enterprise development

People in modern enterprises are not only economic people who pursue certain material interests, but also social people in certain social relations, and can become cultural people who are dominated by spiritual factors such as certain ideals, values and beliefs. Under the conditions of modern market economy, the survival and development of enterprises not only depends on modern advanced science and technology and management, but more importantly, it also lies in the full play of the enthusiasm of all employees, and in the creation of corporate culture including ideals, beliefs, norms, etc. In the long-term development process of the market economy, modern enterprises have gradually accumulated their own values, norms and systems, and formed an excellent modern corporate culture, that is, modern corporate values.

Its basic contents include: 1. Pursue the maximum profit, 2. Restore the interests to the shareholders, 3. Restore the interests to the employees, 4. Contribute to the society, be responsible for the society, 5. Advocate the professionalism and team spirit of the employees, 6. Create a good corporate image, etc.