The hazards of air pollution, the main hazards of air pollution

The hazards of air pollution are:

1. Acute poisoning: When the concentration of pollutants in the air is relatively not very high, acute poisoning generally does not occur in this case, especially in adults, because a healthy adult, his resistance is still okay. However, if the concentration of harmful gases in the air we breathe is relatively high, and the environment suddenly switches from a safe situation to a harmful environment, it is easy to cause acute poisoning.

For example, the leakage of methyl isocyanate from the Päbor pesticide factory in India directly endangered the human body, killing 2,500 people and injuring more than 100,000 people.

2. Chronic poisoning: If the air contains toxic or harmful substances to the human body, it may not be noticed in a short time, but in the long run, harmful substances will accumulate in our body to form a recessive virus, which will invade our body little by little, accumulate to a certain time, as long as a little "pressure" is applied, it will be triggered. For example, in Shanghai, China, the respiratory diseases of urban residents are significantly higher than those in the suburbs.

3. Carcinogenicity: This is the result of long-term effects, which is due to the fact that pollutants act on the body for a long time, damage the genetic material in the body, and cause mutations. If it causes a sudden change in the genetic material and genetic information of the organism, it is also called mutagenicity; If the effect of inducing a tumor is called carcinogenicity. The term "cancer" here includes both benign and malignant tumors.

4. Environmental carcinogens can be divided into chemical carcinogens, physical carcinogens, biological carcinogens, etc. The process of carcinogenesis is quite complex, and there are generally initiation stages and growth promotion stages. Factors that can induce tumors are collectively referred to as carcinogenic factors.

Tumors caused by long-term exposure to carcinogenic factors in the environment are called environmental tumors. Air pollution can lead to a decrease in a person's lifespan.

5. Air pollution has very serious harm to industrial and agricultural production, and these hazards can affect economic development and cause a lot of loss of manpower, material and financial resources. Acidic pollutants in the atmosphere, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, etc., corrode industrial materials, equipment and building facilities. The adverse impact of the increase of dust on the production, installation, commissioning and use of precision instruments and equipment.

References: Air Pollution - Encyclopedia"> Air Pollution - Encyclopedia.

1. The impact of air pollution on the human body is first uncomfortable, followed by reversible physiological reactions, and then acute harmful symptoms. The harm of air pollution to humans can be roughly divided into three types: acute poisoning, chronic poisoning, and carcinogenicity.

2. Air pollution has very serious harm to industrial and agricultural production, and these hazards can affect the development of the economy and cause a lot of loss of manpower, material and financial resources.

There are two main hazards of air pollutants to industry: one is the corrosion of industrial materials, equipment and construction facilities by acidic pollutants and sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide in the atmosphere; The second is the adverse impact of the increase in dust on the production, installation, commissioning and use of precision instruments and equipment. The harm of air pollution to the production of industrial reed pants is, from an economic point of view, to increase the cost of production, increase the cost, and shorten the service life of the production key simple products.

3. Air pollutants can also affect weather and climate. Particulate matter reduces atmospheric visibility and reduces the amount of sunlight radiation reaching the ground. Especially in large industrial cities, daylight is reduced by 40% compared to normal when the smog does not clear.

Pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) in the upper atmosphere decompose a large amount of ozone, causing the "ozone hole" problem, which has become the focus of global attention.

1. Harm to human health: The harm of air pollutants to the human body is multifaceted, manifested as respiratory system damage, physiological dysfunction, digestive system disorders, nervous system abnormalities, mental decline, carcinogenesis, and disability. People call this smoke of disaster"Murderous smoke"。

When the concentration of pollutants in the atmosphere is very high, it can cause acute pollution poisoning, or worsen the symptoms, and even kill thousands of people in a few days.

2. Harm to plants: When the concentration of pollutants is very high, it will cause acute harm to plants, causing lesions on the surface of plant leaves, or directly causing leaves to wither and fall off; When the concentration of pollutants is not high, it will cause chronic harm to plants, making plant leaves green, or there are no harmful symptoms on the surface, but the physiological function of plants has been affected, resulting in a decline in plant yield and deterioration of quality.

3. Harm to weather and climate: reduce the amount of solar radiation reaching the ground: a large number of soot particles emitted into the atmosphere from factories, power stations, automobiles, and home heating equipment make the air very turbid, block the sunlight, and reduce the amount of solar radiation reaching the ground.

Extended information 1: Waste smoke, exhaust gas, noise, dirty water, and garbage discharged from people's lives. 2. Exhaust gases and noise emitted from vehicles (all fuel vehicles, ships, airplanes, etc.). 3. Water flowing out after irrigation of farmland with a large amount of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and other chemicals.

4. Mine wastewater and waste residue.

5. Machine noise, electromagnetic radiation, carbon dioxide pollution, etc.