What kind of fertilizer can be used for micro irrigation fertilization and how to choose in producti

The fertilizer suitable for micro-irrigation fertilization should meet the following requirements: first, it can be quickly and completely dissolved in water under the condition of field temperature, and there is no antagonism between fertilizers; Second, the impurity content is low, which will not clog the filter and dripper; Third, it has little interaction with irrigation water and will not cause drastic changes in irrigation water pH; Fourth, it is less corrosive to the first hub and irrigation system; Fifth, the concentration of nutrients in fertilizers is high.

At present, there are three main types of suitable fertilizer varieties, one is the special solid fertilizer for micro-irrigation; the second is ordinary solid fertilizer with good solubility; The third is liquid fertilizer.

There are many kinds of solid fertilizers for micro-irrigation on the market, and you can choose to see if there is precipitation by putting a small amount of fertilizer into a mineral water bottle and adding water to dissolve it. The elemental fertilizers that can be used for micro-irrigation fertilization include urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, industrial and food-grade monoammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid, urea phosphate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, etc. When choosing, special attention should be paid to the granular compound fertilizer, red potassium chloride (from Canada), agricultural powdered monoammonium phosphate, and diammonium phosphate sold on the market have poor solubility and cannot be used in micro-irrigation fertilization.

Try not to mix different elemental fertilizers when actually using. When using simple fertilizer self-blended micro-irrigation fertilizer, it is necessary to pay attention to the compatibility of fertilizer. Fertilizers containing phosphate are prone to antagonistic reactions with fertilizers containing metal ions (such as calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, etc.).

Fertilizers containing calcium cannot be used with fertilizers containing sulfate, otherwise precipitation will form. Common liquid fertilizers on the market generally contain insoluble substances and generally have low nutrient concentrations, so you should be cautious when choosing them.

Farming gang suggestion: fertilizer for drip irrigation should choose water-soluble fertilizer or directly choose liquid fertilizer, when purchasing fertilizer can be water-soluble test, if there is no residue can be used, there is no residue is not recommended (will be blocked).

Summary. Manganese fertilizer is an acid fertilizer, suitable for sugar beet, potato, wheat and other crops. The commonly used manganese fertilizer is manganese sulfate, which is water-soluble manganese, and fertilization methods such as root top dressing, soaking or seed dressing are often used.

The soaking concentration of manganese sulfate is generally 8 hours; 4 8 grams of manganese fertilizer per kilogram of seeds when dressing; The effect of root topdressing, seedling stage and early reproductive growth is better, the spraying concentration of field crops is general, the spraying concentration of fruit trees is general, and the spraying concentration of fruit trees is generally 1 2 times; When making seed fertilizer, 4 8 kg per mu is used, and it is mixed with physiological acidic fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride or acidic fertilizers such as superphosphate and organic fertilizers to reduce soil compaction.

Zinc fertilizer is alkaline fertilizer and is suitable for any crop. The dosage per mu of base fertilizer is 1 kg; The dosage per mu is 250 grams for planting under the fat ant pants; The concentration of soaking seeds is generally 12 hours; 5-6 grams can be mixed with 1 kg of seeds; The concentration of Ye Stuffy Hui Jane Noodles spraying is generally 100-150 grams per mu.

Iron fertilizer acid fertilizer, iron hidden fertilizer mostly uses sulfuric acid to lift ferrous iron, suitable for fruit trees, beans, sugar beets, potatoes and other crops. The amount of base fertilizer used on fruit trees per mu is generally 5-10 kg; The soaking concentration of soaking seeds is generally 2 hours for corn and other cereal seeds, and 6-12 hours for soybeans; The fertilizer per kilogram of seeds is 4 grams, and the method is to prepare a 5% solution first, and then spray the seeds to the pile for about 10 hours; The foliar spray concentration is about 300-600 grams of fertilizer per mu.

Manganese fertilizer is an acid fertilizer, suitable for sugar beet, potato, wheat and other crops. The commonly used manganese fertilizer is manganese sulfate, which is water-soluble manganese, and fertilization methods such as root top dressing, soaking or seed dressing are often used. The concentration of manganese sulfate is generally 8 hours; 4 8 grams of manganese fertilizer per kilogram of seeds when dressing; The effect of root topdressing, seedling stage and early reproductive growth is better, the spraying concentration of field crops is general, the spraying concentration of fruit trees is general, and the spraying concentration of fruit trees is generally 1 2 times; When making seed fertilizer, 4 8 kg per mu is used, and physiological acid fertilizers such as high ammonium sulfuric acid source, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride or acid fertilizers such as superphosphate and organic fertilizers are mixed and applied to reduce the hail and roll knot of soil plates.

Copper fertilizer Acid fertilizer, suitable for apples, broad beans, sugar beets, tomatoes and other crops. Copper fertilizer can be used as basal fertilizer, seed fertilizer, seed treatment, top dressing or root top dressing. The commonly used copper fertilizer is copper sulfate, copper sulfate is used as the base fertilizer, 1 2 kg per mu can be used, and it can be applied in combination with other physiological acid fertilizers; When dressing, use 1 gram of copper sulfate per kilogram of seeds, dissolve the fertilizer with a small amount of water first, and then spray it evenly on the seeds, and sow it after drying; The concentration of soaking seeds is generally as follows: after soaking for 24 hours, you can sow seeds by removing the yin and drying; Foliar sprays are available at concentrations.

When applied, add 10% 20% hydrated lime with copper sulfate dosage to avoid or reduce poisoning.

There are many ways to apply micronutrient fertilizers, including soil fertilization, seed treatment and extra-root topdressing.

Water-soluble fertilizer as a new type of fertilizer, compared with traditional fertilizer, not only a variety of secret recipes, the use of a very flexible way is also very flexible, in recent years in China has developed rapidly, it is in line with the characteristics of green plant roots uninterrupted digestion and absorption of nutrients, can reduce the leaching damage caused by a lot of one-time fertilization. The following will share with you what are the principles and methods of water-soluble fertilizer fertilization.

The most important fertilization standard for water-soluble fertilizers is a small number of meals, because the roots of green plants have a characteristic of uninterrupted digestion and absorption of nutrients, so it is necessary to reduce a lot of fertilizer at one time, because a lot of fertilizer at one time will cause harm to green plants and damage to data. Water-soluble fertilizers are generally used by drenching, watering or according to sprinkler irrigation equipment, especially under the drip irrigation standard, the root growth and development is relatively total area, and the dependence on the supply of nutrients to the soil layer is reduced, and a large amount depends on the nutrients given by drip irrigation. There are more regulations on the effective proportion and concentration of nutrients, and if the secret recipe is not balanced, it will harm the growth and development of crops.

As far as the amount of drip irrigation is concerned, it is generally possible to promote the deep layer of the root layer to maintain moisture, and the deep layer of the root layer varies greatly according to different crops, and the soil layer can be cut through the soil layer anytime and anywhere with a shovel to grasp the actual depth of the root layer. Excessive irrigation will not only lead to water consumption, but more seriously, nutrients will seep below the root layer, consume fertilizer, and limit crop yields. In particular, urea solutions and nitrate nitrogen fertilizers are very susceptible to water outflow.

Depending on the use of other fertilizers, water-soluble fertilizers are generally only used for fertilization, and there is no need to replace fertilizers.

When the first drip irrigation and fertilization, drip irrigation cold water first, gradually fertilize when the pipeline is filled with water, and drip irrigate cold water for 20-30min immediately after fertilization, and discharge all the residual fertilizer in the pipeline. Secondly, the long-term use of drip irrigation fertilization in greenhouses or ambient temperature will lead to the accumulation of nutrients on the ground, which will endanger the growth and development of the root system. In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to the uniformity of fertilization, drip fertilization under normal circumstances, the slower the fertilization, the better, especially for the elements that move poorly in the soil, increasing the fertilization time can greatly improve the use rate of nutrients that are difficult to move.

Small amount and multiple application, with the characteristics of continuous nutrient absorption by crop roots, reduce fertilizer leaching caused by large amount of fertilization. The dosage is about 3-6kg each time, less application at the seedling stage, more application during the vigorous growth period, nutrient balance, secondary dilution method, direct flushing will cause uneven fertilization, resulting in seedling burning, root burning, seedling weakness, etc. The application method of water-soluble fertilizer is that when the soil is watered or irrigated, it is mixed in the irrigation water first, so that the plant roots can be fully exposed to the fertilizer, and the chemical nutrients are transported to the various tissues of the plant through the respiration of the roots.

It is necessary to match with fertilizer, drink water to proportion, pay attention to the proportion of raw materials, pay attention to the proportion of proportion, pay attention to the way of adaptation, and pay attention to personal protection.

How to choose high-quality and inexpensive microbial fertilizer, it is indeed not easy, the following methods are available for reference:

One is: to see if the product has a registration certificate number. The registration certificate is the only market access certificate issued by the Ministry of Agriculture, which is equivalent to a person's ID card. The quality of products with registration certificate numbers is relatively guaranteed.

The second is: look at the label and instructions for use. If the instructions for the use of potatoes are more standardized than those of the sock mold, and the operability is stronger, it means that the technical level of the enterprise is relatively high.

The third is: look at the batch number and expiration date, or the traceable barcode.

Fourth: look at the effect evaluation after use. For example, if a product has a certain application in a certain region, it is necessary to find out whether the product has negative feedback, if not, it means that the quality of the product has a certain guarantee.

The effect of microbial fertilizer is not directly related to the level of fertilizer, and it cannot be simply equated with fertilizer efficiency. The level of microbial fertilizer** is related to the ease of production and the materials used. The production process of some bacterial fertilizers is relatively easy, and the materials used can be taken locally, so the production cost is relatively low, and the sales are lower.

Some product materials are more expensive, the production cost is high, and the sales are naturally high.

1.Requirements for soil conditions for microbial fertilizers.

Microbial fertilizers are strict on soil conditions. After being applied to the soil, it needs a process of adaptation, growth, and reproduction.

2.Appropriate application time for microbial fertilizers.

Microbial fertilizers should be applied early in the morning and late afternoon or on cloudy days without rain to prevent ultraviolet rays from sunlight from destroying microorganisms.

3.The use of microbial fertilizers should be avoided under high temperature and drought conditions.

The use of microbial fertilizers should be avoided under high temperature and drought conditions, and the changes in temperature and humidity should be paid attention to when applying microbial fertilizers. Under high temperature and drought conditions, the survival and reproduction of microorganisms will be affected, and their functions cannot be fully utilized. It is necessary to combine measures such as mulching and watering to avoid direct sunlight or difficulty in playing a role due to insufficient moisture of microbial fertilizers.

4.Microbial fertilizers should not be soaked in water for a long time, and should be dry and wet alternately.

Microbial fertilizers should not be soaked in water for a long time, and should be irrigated alternately with dry and wet to promote the activities of biological bacteria. Severe drought in the soil will affect the growth and reproduction of Bilupai microorganisms, and the suitable soil moisture content of microbial fertilizer is 50% to 70%.

It can be used as basal fertilizer, top dressing, furrow application or hole application, and can also be used for seed dressing, soaking, dipping roots or foliar spraying, depending on the type of bacterial fertilizer.

Agricultural fungus per mu with 2 kg of solid fungus agent and 40 60 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer mixed evenly as base fertilizer, top dressing or seedling; Mix the solid fungus agent with nutrient soil to make a nutrient bowl, or mix it with dilute mud, and dip the roots before transplanting the seedlings; Before sowing, the seeds are immersed in 10 20 times the dilution of the microbial agent or sprayed with the diluent, so that the seeds are in full contact with the liquid biological agent before sowing; Before transplanting seedlings, immerse the roots in a liquid bacterial agent diluted 10 to 20 times, remove them immediately, or spray the seedling roots with the above dilution; The fungal agent was diluted 100 times and used for root irrigation or flushing; The fungal agent was diluted 500 times as foliar fertilizer.

Compound microbial fertilizer can be used as base fertilizer and top dressing, with an application rate of 10 20 kg per mu; Dilute 500 times as foliar fertilizer and spray according to the requirements of the product instructions.

Bio-organic fertilizer can be used as base fertilizer and top dressing, the amount of application per mu is about 100 kg, and it is best to apply an appropriate amount of farm fertilizer; The amount of top dressing should be appropriately reduced, and it should be applied 7 to 10 days earlier than that of chemical fertilizer, and an appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer should be applied.

In addition, when the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients in the soil is high or a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied, the effect of rhizobia, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria fertilizer is reduced, or even inhibited, for example, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer will inhibit the activity of rhizobia and reduce the nitrogen fixation of root nodules. In addition, it should be noted that the beneficial microorganisms in the bacterial fertilizer are alive, so they can not be mixed with pesticides, chemical fertilizers and excessive acid and alkaline substances during storage, and should not be mixed with a large number of chemical fertilizers or acidic and alkaline fertilizers.

Fertilizers suitable for irrigation and fertilization should meet the following requirements: Fertilizers have a high concentration of nutrients. Soluble in water at field temperature.

Dissolves quickly. Good fluidity and easy application. The impurity content is low, and the content of conditioner substances contained in it is minimal, and it can be mixed with other fertilizers.

There is little interaction with irrigation water. It does not cause drastic changes in the pH of the irrigation water. It is less corrosive to control centers and irrigation systems.

Tables 14 to 17 list nitrogen, phosphate, potassium and medium and trace fertilizers commonly used in irrigation systems.

Table 14 Types of nitrogen fertilizers used in irrigation systems.

Nutrient content of fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O) Molecular formula pH (1 g L, 20 ) Urea 46-0-0CO(NH2) Phosphate urea 17-44-0CO(NH2)2· Potassium nitrate.

Table 14 Types of nitrogen fertilizers used in irrigation systems (continued)-1

Note: Phosphourea is also called phosphourea. The nitrogen solution is prepared from urea and ammonium nitrate. There are large nutrient differences in the products of different manufacturers of calcium ammonium nitrate. n is the degree of polymerization of ammonium polyphosphate, which is used as a fertilizer, n 20.

<>Table 17 Medium and trace element fertilizers used in irrigation systems (20).

Note: Calcium chloride has a variety of crystal water states, and the calcium content is related to the amount of crystal water.